Ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo kushukela kungabonakala kungqubuzana nesizinda sesifo uqobo lwaso noma kungenzeka ngenxa yezinkinga zaso. Izifo ezifana nalezi zifaka phakathi umfutho we-arterial hypertension, isifo senhliziyo kanye namanye ama-organ pathologies.
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi uhlobo lokuphazamiseka kwesigqi nokusikisela kusifo sikashukela lungahluka. Ngakho-ke, akuwona wonke amacala adinga ukwelashwa okungathi sína, ngoba izifo eziningi zivame ukuhamba nesiguli impilo yakhe yonke. Kepha ezinye izifo zithuthuka ngokushesha, ngenxa yalokho kuvela izinkinga ezinzima, ezidinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo kwezokwelapha.
Kaningi, onesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 siyakhula. Kepha siyini lesi sifo futhi siyingozi kanjani kwisifo sikashukela?
Kuyini i-tachycardia futhi yini izimpawu zayo
Lesi sifo senzeka lapho isigqi senhliziyo siphazamiseka lapho iba khona kaningi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwehluleka kungenzeka kuphela ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca umzimba, kodwa futhi nalapho umuntu ephumule.
I-Tachycardia ingokomzimba futhi i-pathological. Kuluhlobo lwesibili lwesifo olungahambisana nesifo sikashukela.
Kepha kwabanesifo sikashukela esibandakanyeka kwezemidlalo, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo livela nanganoma imuphi umthwalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinto ziba nomthelela kule ndaba:
- ukucindezela okukhulu;
- ukuhlukunyezwa kweziphuzo zekhofi;
- ukwethuka nezinto.
Kepha ngemuva kokuqedwa komsebenzi womzimba noma ukwehla kwezinkinga zezinzwa, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo livame ukubuyiselwa lodwa. Amanani okujwayelekile kwenhliziyo ukushaywa okungu-60-80 ngomzuzu. Uma ingaphezulu kwama-90, khona-ke lokhu kukhombisa i-tachycardia, futhi uma iphansi, i-bradycardia.
I-Tachycardia kusifo sikashukela ayiboniswa njalo ngezimpawu ezibucayi, ngakho-ke iziguli kungenzeka zingabazi ubukhona bokwephulwa okunjalo. Imvamisa, isifo esinjalo sitholwa kuphela ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwe-electrocardiographic.
Futhi, ukwanda kwesilinganiso senhliziyo kungahambisana nezimpawu zokuthi iziguli zibiza ngokungaziwa njengezinye izifo. Ngaphezu kokuzwa ukushaywa yinhliziyo okunamandla, i-tachycardia imvamisa ihambisana nezinye izinkomba eziningi:
- Isiyezi
- ukushintshanisa isigqi esisheshayo nesisheshayo;
- ukuphefumula
- isimo sokwehluleka;
- umuzwa wokujika noma ukhehla ngemuva kwe-sternum;
- umuzwa wokuthi inhliziyo ishaya.
Kwesinye isikhathi ukungasebenzi kahle kwesigqi senhliziyo kuyatholakala lapho kubalwa ukushaya kwenhliziyo ngaphandle kwesithombe somtholampilo.
Izimpawu eziningi ezivame ukwenzeka ngenkambo yesifo sikashukela esivame ukwenzeka ngokuvamisile ngemuva kwesifo sikashukela sokuzimela kwesifo sikashukela. Kuyingxaki ye-hyperglycemia engapheli, lapho izinzwa ezise enhliziyweni zilimele. Uma zithintekile, khona-ke kukhona ukwephulwa kwesigqi senhliziyo.
Kulesi sifo senhliziyo sikashukela, i-sinus tachycardia iyenzeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyaziveza noma isiguli sesiphumulile. Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kulesisimo lisuka ku-100 liye ku-130 ukushaywa. ngomzuzu.
Kukhona nokushoda komphumela wokuphefumula kwenhliziyo. Lapho umuntu ephilile, khona-ke ngesikhathi sokuphefumula okujulile, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuba ngaphansi kakhulu.
Lokhu kukhombisa ukwenza buthaka kokusebenza kwezinzwa ezi-parasympathetic, ezinciphisa izinga lokushayeka kwenhliziyo.
Izimbangela zeTachycardia
Esikhathini sikashukela, izinzwa zeparasympathetic ziyathinteka, okubangela ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo. Ngokuqhubeka kwesifo, inqubo ye-pathological ithinta iminyango enozwela ye-NS ezizimele.
Lapho kungekhozwela ku-drave nerve, lokhu kunomthelela hhayi ekwakhiweni kwe-tachycardia, kepha futhi nasekuthuthukisweni kwe-IHD ngenkambo ye-atypical. Ngesifo se-coronary, Ubuhlungu abunakuzwakala, ngakho-ke, kwezinye isifo sikashukela, ngisho nokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo kwenzeka ngaphandle kobuhlungu obukhulu.
Kungenxa yalokhu ukuthi ingozi enkulu kunazo zonke yezinkinga zesifo sikashukela ilele, ngoba ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi akwenziwa, ngenxa yokuthi kungaba yiphi indlela yokufa. Ngakho-ke, uma i-tachycardia ezinzile ivela, kufanele uthintane nodokotela wezinhliziyo ngokushesha, ngoba ukuphela kwendlela yokunciphisa ijubane noma ukumisa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-autonomic cardiac neuropathy in sikashukela.
Uma ukwehluleka kusigqi senhliziyo akubonwanga ngesikhathi, khona-ke kukhona izinguquko ku-NS enozwela. Lesi simo sikhonjiswa yizimpawu ze-orthostatic hypotension:
- izimbotshana ze-goose;
- mnyama emehlweni;
- isiyezi.
Izimpawu ezinjalo zivela lapho isikhundla somzimba sishintsha. Kwesinye isikhathi zidlula zodwa noma zinyamalale lapho isiguli sibuyela esimweni saso sokuqala.
Kodwa-ke, izimpawu ezingenhla, kufaka phakathi i-failing, zingavela lapho kukhona i-pathology ye-sinus node, ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi se-paroxysmal, ne-atrioventricular block. Ngakho-ke, ukunquma imbangela yangempela yokungasebenzi kahle kusigqi senhliziyo, kudingeka izindlela zokuxilonga ezikhethekile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isifo sikashukela senhliziyo nesifo sikashukela siyingozi futhi ngoba siyandisa kakhulu ingozi yokufa ngokuzumayo kanye nokuvela kokuboshwa kwenhliziyo noma kwe-pulmonary uma kwenzeka kulawulwa izidakamizwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.
Futhi, isifo sikashukela i-tachycardia sikhula nge-myocardial dystrophy. Kuvela ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwe-metabolic okuvuswa ukuntuleka kwe-insulin kanye nokungakwazi kwe-glucose ukungena ngaphakathi kolwelwesi lweseli emisipha yenhliziyo.
Ngenxa yalokhu, izindleko eziningi zamandla ku-myocardium zenzeka ngokusetshenziswa kwamafutha wamahhala i-xylitol. Ngaso leso sikhathi, ama-acid anamafutha aqongelela esitokisini, angenawo oxid ngokuphelele, okuyingozi ikakhulukazi uma isifo sikashukela sihambisana nesifo senhliziyo.
Ngakho-ke, i-myocardial dystrophy ingaholela kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokuphazamiseka okugxile kwesigqi, ukuncishiswa, i-fibrillation ye-atrial, nokuningi.
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ukwelashwa kwama-pathologies anjalo kuhlukile ekwelapheni i-neuropathy yesifo sikashukela.
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi nge-microangiopathy, imikhumbi emincane eyondla i-myocardium iyathinteka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuholela kokungafani kahle kokungafani kwesigqi senhliziyo. Ukuvimbela okungcono kakhulu kwesifo sikashukela se-myocardial dystrophy ne-neuropathy ukunxephezela lesi sifo esiholayo, okungukuthi, isifo sikashukela.
Ngempela, kungale ndlela kuphela lapho kungavinjelwa khona ukuba khona kwezinkinga ze-hyperglycemia engapheli, kufaka phakathi i-microangiopathy, neuropathy ne-myocardial dystrophy. Ngakho-ke, ukugcwala kweglucose egazini akufanele kungabi ngaphezu kuka-6 mmol / l sutra esiswini esingenalutho futhi kungabi ngaphezu kuka-8 mmol / l ngemuva kwemizuzu engama-120. ngemuva kwesidlo.
Kunezici ezimbalwa ezingasheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-tachycardia kushukela:
- inkambo ende yesifo sikashukela;
- ukukhuluphala
- i-arterial hypertension;
- ukuncipha kwesifo sikashukela;
- ukubhema
- izinkinga ezihambisana ne-hyperglycemia engapheli.
Izinhlobo zeTachycardia
Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo yi-sinus tachycardia, lapho imvamisa yemivimbo ingaphezulu kuka-70. Isimo esiyingqayizivele salesi simo ukuthi lapho kwenzeka, isigqi senhliziyo sihlala singashintshiwe, futhi kuphela inani lezinkontileka eziguqukayo.
Lesi sifo sikhula emodini yesono, lapho kuvela khona ukuthambekela ngaphansi kwezimo zokudlulisela okuvamile kokucaphuna. I-node itholakala ohlangothini lwesokunene senhliziyo, ekuqaleni ukucubungula kumboza nje le ngxenye yesitho, bese-ke ukuthambekela kudluliselwa ezindleleni eziya e-atrium yangakwesobunxele.
Uma ukusebenza kwe-sinus-atrial tata kuphazamiseka, khona-ke lokhu kunomthelela ongemuhle ekuzisuseleni okufakwayo kusuka endaweni engezansi kuya kumakhompiyutha.
Kwi-ECG, i-sinus tachycardia ibonakaliswa yizimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo ngaphezulu kwama-90 ngemizuzwana engama-60;
- ukuntuleka kokuphambukayo kusigqi se-sinus;
- ukwanda kwe-PQ yokuphumula kanye ne-amplitude P;
- izinyo eliqondile uR.
Futhi, ngokumelene nesizinda sikashukela, i-paroxysmal tachycardia ingenzeka, ebonakala ngokubonakala okubukhali kanye nokunyamalala okungazelelwe okufanayo. Uhlobo lwe-paroxysmal lokuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo luvela lapho kuvela ukungasebenzi kahle ku-pacemaker.
Isikhathi sokuhlaselwa sinokuhluka kusuka kumizuzu emi-2 kuya ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Kulokhu, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo liyahlukahluka kusuka ku-140 kuya kuma-300 ukushaywa. ngomzuzu.
Kunezinhlobo ezi-3 ze-paroxysmal tachycardia, ezihlukaniswa ukwenziwa kwasendaweni. I-nodular, atical kanye ne-ventricular.
Ngakho-ke, ngefomu le-ventricular, kuvela isimangalo se-pathological kule ngxenye yesitho. Ngakho-ke, izicubu zenhliziyo ziqala ukungena ngokushesha (kuze kube ngu-220 ukushaywa ngomzuzu).
I-tachycardia ye-At Atical ayivamile. Kumuntu onesifo sikashukela, indlela eyingozi yalesi sifo i-pricio paroxysmal tachycardia.
Ngemuva kwakho konke, inkambo yalolu hlobo lwe-PT ilukhuni impela, kube nokugxuma ekucindezelweni kwegazi okuhambisana nakho. Ukuvela kwalolu hlobo lwe-pathology kukhombisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo.
Futhi, kwisifo sikashukela, i-fibrillation ye-ventricular ingavela lapho izicubu zenhliziyo zivumelana ngokungenamkhawulo nobuningi bokushaya okungu-480. Kodwa-ke, ukuncishiswa ngokuphelele akwenziwa.
Kwi-ECG, i-flutter ye-ventricular ibonakaliswa ngamazinyo amancane futhi avamile. Lesi simo siyinkimbinkimbi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo okubanzi, okuvame ukuphela ngokuboshwa kwenhliziyo.
Ukwelashwa nokuvimbela
Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelapha i-tachycardia ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela nezinye izimbangela zokuvela kwayo. Ngaso leso sikhathi, i-endocrinologist, neuropathologist, cardiologist kanye nabanye odokotela kufanele babambe iqhaza ekukhetheni kwezindlela zokwelapha.
Kunemikhakha emi-2 ehamba phambili yezidakamizwa esetshenziswa kwi-tachycardia. Kubandakanya nezidakamizwa ezi-sedative and antiarrhythmic.
Amasu angaba ngesisekelo sokwenziwa kanye nemvelo. Esikhathini sikashukela, kungcono ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezinezakhi zemvelo, futhi kufanele zikhethwe ngudokotela ohambelayo.
Ezindalweni zemvelo kusetshenziswa izinto ezinjengalezi:
- i-hawthorn;
- valerian;
- i-peony;
- umama nezinto.
Kukhona nemithi eyinkimbinkimbi enama-mint, valerian kanye ne-melissa ekwakhekeni kwawo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-Persen neNovo-Passit.
Ngaphandle kokuthi le mithi iqukethe i-sucrose, ungayithatha nesifo sikashukela. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ithebhulethi engu-1 iqukethe inani elincane loshukela, elingathinti izinga likashukela.
Ama-sedative synthetic afaka i-Phenobarbital, i-Diazepam kanye ne-analogues yayo. Ngosizo lwabo, ungasusa umuzwa wokukhathazeka nokwesaba, uqede ukuqwasha futhi uvimbele ukuthuthukiswa kokuhlaselwa kwe-tachycardia.
Izidakamizwa ze-antiarrhythmic zesifo sikashukela kufanele zikhethwe ngokuqapha ngokweqile, ngoba zibekwe ngokusekelwe kwizimbangela zesifo. Ngakho-ke, ukuthatha amaphilisi kusuka kolunye uhlobo lwe-tachycardia kungalimaza kuphela olunye uhlobo lesifo.
Ngakho-ke, nge-tachycardia, kusetshenziswa izidakamizwa ezilandelayo:
- I-Verapamine iyasebenza esimweni sefomu le-supraventricular lesifo, kepha ngasikhathi sinye isiza ukunciphisa ushukela wegazi.
- I-Rhythmylene - isetshenziselwa ukuqinisa isigqi se-ventricular kanye ne-at Atic.
- I-Adenosine - imiselwe i-paroxysmal ne-supraventricular tachycardia.
Futhi, ngokuhlukunyezwa emsebenzini wenhliziyo, kungabekwa i-Anaprilin, okwehlisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, kunikeze umphumela wokuthula. Umuthi uqalisa ukulethwa komoya-mpilo ku-myocardium, kusebenze umsebenzi wawo. Kodwa-ke, i-Anaprilin yehlisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, ngaleyo ndlela ifihle ukushaya kwenhliziyo okunamandla, okuyisibonakaliso esiyinhloko se-hypoglycemia.
Futhi, i-tachycardia ingalashwa ngezindlela zomzimba, ezibandakanya ukubonakaliswa kwe-electro-pulse kanye ne-reflexology. Indlela yokugcina isetshenziselwa ifomu le-paroxysmal lokuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo. Ngesikhathi senqubo, isiguli sibekwa isigaxa seqhwa ebusweni bakhe, ngemuva kwalokho sizama ukukhwehlela futhi sinyakaze.
Uma le ndlela ivele ingasebenzi, khona-ke kusetshenziswa umphumela wokudonsa kagesi. Kulokhu, ama-electrodes anamathiselwe esifubeni sesiguli, bese kuthi ukuphuma kwawo okuncane kwenziwe ngawo, okuvumela ukuvuselela ukusebenza kwe-myocardium. Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa okunjalo kungenziwa kuphela esibhedlela, kaningi kusetshenziselwa izimo zezimo ezibucayi zenhliziyo.
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-tachycardia kwenziwa emacaleni amabili. Esokuqala isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso, isifo senhliziyo se-ischemic nangemva kokuhlaselwa i-rheumatism, okwesibili ukuphazamiseka kwe-hormonal.
Ukuvimbela i-tachycardia kusifo sikashukela ukugwema ukuzikhandla okukhulu nezimo ezicindezelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udinga ukulahla amandla, i-caffeine, utshwala ne-nicotine. Kepha okokuqala, isinxephezelo sikashukela sibalulekile ukuze ukugxilwa koshukela kuhlale kuyinto evamile.
Ividiyo ekule ndatshana imininingwane i-tachycardia kanye nokwelashwa kwayo.
