Uma unesifo sikashukela sanoma yiluphi uhlobo, umuntu kufanele aqaphe ushukela emzimbeni futhi avivinye igazi njalo. Njengoba wazi, ushukela ungena emzimbeni ngokudla.
Ngokuphulwa kwe-carbohydrate metabolism, ushukela luqongelela egazini futhi amazinga e-insulin abe ephakeme kunokujwayelekile. Uma ungathathi izinyathelo ezidingekayo, isimo esinjalo singadala izinkinga ezinkulu, kufaka phakathi i-hypoglycemic coma.
Ekuhlolweni kwegazi njalo koshukela, kusetshenziswa amadivayisi akhethekile - ama-glucometer. Idivaysi enjalo ikuvumela ukuthi ufunde ngesimo somzimba hhayi kuma-diabetes kuphela, kodwa nakubantu abaphilile. Ngenxa yalokhu, kungenzeka ukuthola ngesikhathi ukukhula kwesigaba sokuqala salesi sifo bese uqala ukwelashwa okudingekayo.
Ushukela wegazi
Ukuze umuntu akwazi ukubona ukwephulwa, kunamazinga athile kashukela egazini kubantu abaphilile. Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, lezi zinkomba zingahluka kancane, ezithathwa njengento eyamukelekayo. Ngokusho kodokotela, umuntu onesifo sikashukela akadingi ukwehlisa ngokuphelele ushukela wegazi, ukuzama ukuletha imiphumela yokuhlaziywa eduze kwamanani ajwayelekile.
Ukuze umuntu onesifo sikashukela azizwe emuhle, izinombolo zingakhushulwa zifike okungenani ku-4-8 mmol / ilitha. Lokhu kuzovumela oshukela ukuba aqede ikhanda, ukukhathala, ukudangala, ukunganaki.
Ngokwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, kukhona ukwanda okunamandla kwe-glucose yegazi ngenxa yokuqongelela ama-carbohydrate. Ukwanda okungazelelwe kushukela kubhebhethekisa kakhulu isimo sesiguli, ukuze isimo sibe sesijwayelekile, isiguli kufanele sifake insulin emzimbeni. Ngokuntuleka okukhulu kwe-insulin kubantu, ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela kungenzeka.
Ukuvimbela ukuvela kokuguquguquka okubukhali okunjalo, udinga ukubheka i-glucometer nsuku zonke. Itafula elikhethekile lokuhumusha izinkomba ze-glucometer lizokusiza ukwazi ukuthola imiphumela yocwaningo, wazi ukuthi zihluka kanjani nokuthi kuliphi izinga elisongela impilo.
Ngokusho kwetafula, amanani kashukela wegazi onesifo sikashukela angaba ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- Ekuseni ngesisu esingenalutho, ushukela wegazi oshukela kwabanesifo sikashukela angaba ngu-6-8.3 mmol / ilitha, kubantu abanempilo - 4.2-6.2 mmol / lit.
- Ngemuva kwamahora amabili sidlile, izinkomba zikashukela zesifo sikashukela azikwazi ukuba ngaphezulu kwe-12 mmol / ilitha, abantu abaphilile kufanele babe nenkomba yokungabi ngaphezu kuka-6 mmol / ilitha.
- Umphumela wokufunda kwe-glycated hemoglobin in diabetesics yi-8 mmol / litre, kumuntu onempilo - hhayi ophakeme kuno-6.6 mmol / litre.
Ngaphezu kwesikhathi sosuku, lezi zifundo futhi zincike eminyakeni yesiguli. Ikakhulu, ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa kuze kube unyaka, amazinga kashukela wegazi asukela ku-2.7 kuya ku-4,4 mmol / ilitha, ezinganeni ezisuka kumunye kuya kwezinhlanu ubudala - 3.2-5.0 mmol / lit. Emdala aze afike eminyakeni eyi-14, imininingwane isukela ku-3.3 iye ku-5.6 mmol / litre.
Kubantu abadala, okujwayelekile kusuka ku-4,3 kuye ku-6.0 mmol / ilitha. Kubantu asebekhulile ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-60, amazinga kashukela wegazi angaba ngu-4.6-6.4 mmol / litre.
Leli thebula lingashintshwa, kucatshangelwa izici zomzimba ngamunye.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nge-glucometer
Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela sohlobo lokuqala noma lwesibili, isiguli ngasinye sinezinkomba ngazinye. Ukukhetha irejimeni yokwelashwa efanelekile, udinga ukwazi isimo esijwayelekile somzimba kanye nezibalo zezinguquko emazingeni kashukela egazini. Ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwansuku zonke ekhaya, abanesifo sikashukela bathenga i-glucometer.
Umshini onjalo ukuvumela ukuthi uzenzele ngokwakho, ngaphandle kokuya emtholampilo ukuthola usizo. Ukusebenziseka kwayo kulele ekutheni idivaysi, ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obuhlangene nesisindo esikhanyayo, ingathwalwa nawe esikhwameni noma ephaketheni. Ngakho-ke, umuntu onesifo sikashukela angasebenzisa i-analytez nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, noma nje eshintsha kancane isimo.
Amadivaysi okulinganisa akala ushukela wegazi ngaphandle kobuhlungu nokungajabuli. Abahlaziyi abanjalo abaphakanyisiwe hhayi kuphela kwabanesifo sikashukela, kodwa futhi nakubantu abaphilile. Namuhla, amamodeli ahlukahlukene wama-glucometer anemisebenzi ehlukene ayatholakala ngokuthengisa, ngokuya ngezidingo zesiguli.
- Ungathenga futhi nedivaysi ephelele, ngaphandle kokulinganisa ushukela, ungathola i-cholesterol yegazi. Isibonelo, ungathenga amawashi ama-diabetes. Ngenye indlela, kunamadivayisi akala umfutho wegazi futhi asuselwa kwidatha etholakele, abale izinga le-glucose emzimbeni.
- Njengoba inani ushukela liyahlukahluka usuku lonke, izinkomba ekuseni nakusihlwa zihluke kakhulu. Kubandakanya idatha, imikhiqizo ethile, isimo somzwelo somuntu, nomsebenzi womzimba kungathonya imininingwane.
- Njengomthetho, udokotela uhlala ethakazela imiphumela yocwaningo ngaphambi nangemva kokudla. Imininingwane enjalo iyadingeka ukuze kutholakale ukuthi umzimba ubhekana namanani angakanani kashukela. Kufanele uqonde ukuthi ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo lokuqala nesesibili, izinkomba zizohluka. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, okujwayelekile ezigulini ezinjalo kuhlukile.
Iningi lamamodeli wesimanje lama-glucometer asebenzisa i-plasma yegazi ukuhlaziya, lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uthole imiphumela ethe xaxa yocwaningo. Okwamanje, sekusungulwe itafula lokuhumusha lezinkomba ze-glucometer, lapho zonke izinkambiso ze-glucose zinqunywa lapho kusetshenziswa ucingo.
- Ngokusho kwetafula, esiswini esingenalutho, izinkomba ze-plasma zingasukela ku-5.03 ziye ku-7.03 mmol / ilitha. Lapho uhlola igazi le-capillary, izinombolo zingasukela ku-2,5 kuye ku-4,7 mmol / ilitha.
- Ngemuva kwamahora amabili kudliwe i-plasma kanye negazi le-capillary, izinga likashukela alikho ngaphezu kwe-8.3 mmol / litre.
Uma imiphumela yocwaningo idluliwe, udokotela uxilonga isifo sikashukela futhi anikeze ukwelashwa okufanele.
Ukuqhathanisa izinkomba ze-glucometer
Amamodeli amaningi wamanje we-glucometer abalwa nge-plasma, kepha kunamadivayisi enza ucwaningo ngegazi lonke. Lokhu kufanele kubhekwe lapho kuqhathaniswa ukusebenza kwensiza nedatha etholakala elebhu.
Ukuqinisekisa ukunemba komhlaziyi, izinkomba ezitholakala kwi-glucometer yesisu ezingenalutho ziqhathaniswa nemiphumela yocwaningo elabhoratri. Kulokhu, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi i-plasma iqukethe ushukela omningi ngamaphesenti ayi-12 kunegazi le-capillary. Ngakho-ke, ukufundwa okutholakele kwe-glucometer ocwaningweni lwegazi le-capillary kufanele kuhlukaniswe yisici esingu-1.12.
Ukuhumusha kahle idatha etholakele, ungasebenzisa itafula elikhethekile. Kuzothuthukiswa namazinga wokusebenza kwama-glucometer. Ngokwezinga elijwayelekile elamukelwa, ukunemba kwensiza okuvumelekile kungaba ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- Ushukela wegazi ongaphansi kuka-4.2 mmol / ilitha, imininingwane etholakele ingahluka ngo-0.82 mmol / litre.
- Uma imiphumela yocwaningo ingu-4,2 mmol / ilitha nangaphezulu, umehluko phakathi kwezilinganiso awunakuba ngaphezulu kwamaphesenti angama-20.
Khumbula ukuthi izici zokunemba zingathonywa yizici ezahlukahlukene. Ikakhulu, imiphumela yokuhlolwa ingahle ihlanekezelwe lapho:
- Izidingo ezinkulu uketshezi;
- Umlomo owomile;
- Ukuchama kaningi;
- Ukulimazeka kokubonakalayo kushukela;
- Ukulunywa esikhunjeni;
- Ukwehla kwesisindo okungazelelwe;
- Ukukhathala nokudangala;
- Ukuba khona kwezifo ezahlukahlukene;
- Ukulimala kwegazi okumpofu;
- Izifo zokukhunta;
- Ukuphefumula okusheshayo nama-arrhythmias;
- Isizinda esingokomzwelo esingazinzi;
- Ukuba khona kwe-acetone emzimbeni.
Uma ezinye izinkomba ezingenhla zikhonjwa, kufanele uthintane nodokotela wakho ukuze ukhethe uhlobo olunembile lokwelashwa.
Udinga futhi ukulandela imithetho ethile lapho ulinganisa ushukela wegazi nge-glucometer.
Ngaphambi kwenqubo, isiguli kufanele sigeze kahle ngensipho futhi sisule izandla ngethawula.
Kuyadingeka ukufudumeza izandla zakho ukwenza ngcono ukuhamba kwegazi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amabhulashi ancishiselwa phansi futhi akhanyiswe kalula ekuhambeni kusuka ezintendeni zezandla kuya kwiminwe. Ungafaka futhi izandla zakho emanzini afudumele bese uzifudumeza kancane.
Izisombululo zotshwala ziqinisa isikhumba, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuthi zisetshenziselwe ukusula umunwe kuphela uma isifundo senziwa ngaphandle kwekhaya. Musa ukusula izandla ngeziswidi ezimanzi, ngoba izinto ezivela ezintweni zokuhlanzeka zingahlanekezela imiphumela yokuhlaziywa.
Ngemuva kokuba umunwe ugwetshwe, amaconsi okuqala ahlala esulwa, ngoba aqukethe isilinganiso esengeziwe soketshezi olungejwayelekile. Ukuhlaziywa, kuthathwa iconsi lesibili, okufanele lisetshenziswe ngokucophelela emugqeni wokuhlola. Ukufaka igazi emgqeni akuvunyelwe.
Ukuze igazi liphume ngokushesha futhi ngaphandle kwezinkinga, ukubhoboza amandla kumele kwenziwe ngamandla athile. Kulokhu, awukwazi ukucindezela umunwe, ngoba lokhu kuzonciphisa uketshezi lwe-interellular. Ngenxa yalokhu, isiguli sizothola izinkomba ezingalungile. U-Elena Malysheva kule vidiyo ekulesi sihloko uzokutshela okufanele ubheke lapho ufunda i-glucometer.
