Eminyakeni yamuva, izibalo zezokwelapha azijabule kakhulu, ngoba abantu bethu abahlukahlukene baqala ukuba nezinkinga ze-yegilo.
Njengomthetho, lokhu kungukuphulwa kwemisebenzi yalesi sikhathi komzimba nokukhiqizwa okunganele kwamahomoni. Isizathu esikhulu sale nto ukuswela okukhulu kwe-iodine kanye nesimo esibi somnotho esincipha ngokushesha.
Enye yezifo ezivame kakhulu ukubizwa nge-hypothyroidism. Ngalesi sifo, ama-hormone isikhathi eside akhiqizwa ngamanani anganele.
Ngaphandle kokubusheleleka nokugcina imfihlo ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo, odokotela bayazazi izindlela zayo zokunganakwa hhayi kaningi ngenxa yezimpawu ezicacile, zokuphoqelela ukufuna usizo ngokushesha okukhulu.
Ngubani ogijimisa ubungozi bokugula?
Izinkinga ezifanayo nge-gland yegilo zingavela kungakhathalekile ubulili nobudala bomuntu. Iqembu lengozi lifaka lezo ziguli eziye zahlupheka noma ziyagula:
- i-endemic goiter;
- i-autoimmune thyroiditis;
- i-subacute thyroiditis.
I-Hypothyroidism ithuthukiswa kakhulu ngokungasebenzi kahle kwe-hypothalamus kanye ne-pituitary gland. Uma ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kwehla amazinga emazinga e-hormone, khona-ke imbangela yalesi simo kufanele isungulwe futhi kuthathwe ezinye izivivinyo zegazi zamahomoni.
Izimfuneko zokuthuthuka kwe-hypothyroidism
Umuthi uyazi i-hypothyroidism eyisisekelo neyesibili.
Okuyinhloko
Kulokhu, ukubhujiswa kwenzeka kuphela kwindlala yegilo. Le nqubo ye-pathological ibangela ukwehla kancane kancane ekukhiqizweni kwama-hormone.
Kungaba nezizathu eziningana.
Okokuqala, izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-neoplasms, izifo ezithathelwanayo, isifo sofuba nokulimala esithobeni kufanele kuphawulwe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimfuneko ze-hypothyroidism ziyizinkinga zezinyathelo zokwelapha ngenxa:
- ukuhlinzwa;
- Ukwelashwa kwe-goiter enobuthi kusetshenziswa iodine e-radioactive;
- ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa eziningi ezenziwa nge-iodine;
- ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yokwelapha ngemisebe yezilonda ezinomdlavuza yalezo zitho ezitholakala eduze kwentamo.
Imvamisa, ama-hormone akhiqizwa ngokwanele ngenxa ye-hypoplasia. Lesi sifo sibonakaliswa ukwakhiwa okungaphansi kwe-yegilo yegilo ngenxa yezinkinga ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwe-intrauterine. Lokhu kudalwa kwezifo kwenzeka ezinsana kusukela ekuzalweni kuya eminyakeni engu-2.
I-Hypothyroidism ingaba yisidingo sesifo sikashukela!
Okwesibili
Ekhuluma nge-hypothyroidism yesibili, basho ukuphazamiseka emsebenzini we-hormone ekhuthaza i-thyroid. Ingathola isakhiwo esinganele noma ingahle yathuthukiswa ngokomthetho. Kunoma ikuphi, isitho se-anatomically esingaguquki asikwazi ukunikeza umzimba nge-thyroxine.
Imbangela yomonakalo kumaseli we-pituitary ingaba ukuphazamiseka kwe-Intracerebral:
- ukulimala
- ama-neoplasms;
- ukuhamba kwegazi okunganele;
- ukubhujiswa kwe-autoimmune.
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-hypothyroidism eyisisekelo neyesibili ukunamathela esithombeni somtholampilo wezimpawu zokulimala kwezinye izitho zokutholwa kwangaphakathi, ngokwesibonelo, izindlala zama-adrenal kanye namaqanda. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukwephulwa okukhulu kakhulu kuyabonakala:
- ukwehla kobuhlakani;
- ukuphazamiseka kwendawo yofuzo;
- izinwele zomzimba ngokweqile;
- ukuphazamiseka kwe-electrolyte.
Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi i-hypothyroidism ingafihlwa ngemuva “kwamamaski” amaningi. Ngokushoda kwama-hormone, abesifazane, ngokwesibonelo, bayaxineka, bahlushwa ukuqwasha nezinye izinkinga zokulala.
Uma ungasiphathi lesi sifo, khona-ke ngokuqhubeka kwesikhathi, kuyabonakala umfutho we-intracranial hypertension kanye ne-migraines engapheli.
I-hypothyroidism yeLatent ihlala iqhubeka ngaphansi kwesiphetho se-thoracic kanye ne-cervical osteochondrosis.
Imvamisa, “imaski” yesifo senhliziyo kwenzeka kakhulu: ukwanda okukhulu kwe-cholesterol yegazi eliphansi kanye nomfutho wegazi.
Yiziphi izivivinyo ezidingekayo?
Njengomthetho, i-hypothyroidism ihlotshaniswa nokushoda kwama-hormone egilo. Lesi simo sibangela ukuncipha ngokushesha kwezimali zamandla. Ngakho-ke, okokuqala, udinga ukuthatha izivivinyo zamahomoni.
Ucwaningo olunjalo lwezokwelapha lusiza ekutholeni ukuxilongwa okulungile futhi luqale ukwelashwa okugcwele. Lokhu kokugcina kuzoncika kulezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- isimo esivamile sesiguli;
- isigaba seminyaka;
- ukunganakwa kwalesi sifo.
Ngeke kube yiphutha ukwenza isivivinyo esikhethekile esizosiza ekutholeni izinga lokusebenza kwe-gland yegland kanye nezinga lomonakalo wayo.
Okokuqala, udokotela uncoma ukulethwa kwegazi elinobuthi ukuze lihlaziywe. Uma kukhona i-pathology, khona-ke ama-hormone kuyo ayoba ngaphansi kakhulu kwezinga lesimo esivumelekile. Kumuntu onempilo, inkomba eyamukelekayo isuka ku-9 iye ku-25 ml, futhi kowesifazane kusuka ku-9 kuya ku-18.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasound (ultrasound) kuzobe kungafundisi kangako. Ngokwemiphumela yayo, udokotela uzokwazi ukukhomba izinga lokuphambuka kwe-yegilo yegilo kusuka kokujwayelekile futhi asungule ukunganakwa kwe-hypothyroidism.
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi isitho singakhula kancane ngesikhathi sokuthomba kanye nokuya esikhathini. Inkomba enjalo ibhekwa njengokujwayelekile.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Hormone kungahluka ngokuya ngasese. Isiguli singabekwa umnikelo wegazi we-TSH (i-hormone ekhuthaza i-thyroid ye-pituitary gland). Ngezinga layo elandayo, singakhuluma ngomsebenzi we-thyroid oncishisiwe. Kulesi simo, isiguli sizodinga ukwengeza esifundweni nge-triiodothyronine (T3) ne-thyroxine (T4).
Ngokusekelwe kudatha etholakele, i-endocrinologist izonquma ukwelashwa okufanele kwezidakamizwa, isiguli okufanele sikulandele ngqo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukushoda kwe-hormonal kuzoba okungapheli. Ezigabeni ezithuthukile, i-myxedema coma ingahle ikhule.
Ngabe ukuhlaziya kuzoba nini?
Ukuthola umphumela onembe kakhulu ezinsukwini ezingama-30 ngaphambi kosuku lokuhlolwa kwegazi lokuhlaziywa, ama-hormone kufanele angafakwa uma kungekho ezinye izincomo zikadokotela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udinga ukunikela okungenani izinsuku ezingama-2-3:
- ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa eziqukethe iodine;
- ukusebenza komzimba okusebenzayo;
- ukubhema notshwala.
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi igazi lamahomoni linikelwa esiswini esingenalutho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiguli kufanele siphumule okungenani isigamu sehora.
Yini ubungozi be-hypothyroidism?
Ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwezitho eziningi futhi cishe zonke izinhlelo zomzimba kuncike ekusebenzeni okwanele kwe-gland yegilo. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukubheka njalo i-yegland yegland futhi uma kunezimpawu ezethusayo, ihlolwe yi-endocrinologist ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi.
I-Hypothyroidism iyingozi kulabo abanqunyelwa isifo sikashukela kanye nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo. Abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele baqaphele ikakhulukazi.
Ukwehla kwamazinga e-hormonal kuthinta kabi ukukhula kwesibeletho futhi kungadala ukuphuphuma kwesisu noma ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphazamiseka ku-gland yegilo kungadala ukuzala.
Ngokuqhubeka kwesikhathi kwalesi sifo se-endocrine, kuphakama amathuba okuthi izinguquko emzimbeni zingahambisani nokungalingani kwama-hormone egazini. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukuthatha ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwama-hormone ngesikhathi.
