Uma ubuza umbuzo mayelana nokuthi yini ephethwe yi-endocrinologist, abaningi bazosibiza ngamagama isifo se-thyroid kanye nesifo sikashukela, bese belungile. Kodwa-ke, indima yezintshisakalo zalabo odokotela ibanzi kakhulu. Kulesi sisekelo uzothola bonke ubufakazi obudingekayo kulokhu.
Udokotela we-endocrinologist ungudokotela obandakanyeka ekuxilongeni, ekwelashweni nasekuvimbeleni zonke izifo ezihambisana nokusebenza kohlelo lwe-endocrine nezitho zalo, ekhulula ama-hormone ngqo egazini noma ku-lymph.
Umsebenzi we-endocrinologist ukuthola izisombululo ezifanele zomsebenzi ophelele we-endocrine system futhi unqume izindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokuqeda izinkinga nokwehluleka okuvelile ecaleni ngalinye.
Uma sihlaziya imisebenzi yalona uchwepheshe ngemininingwane eminingi, khona-ke ubandakanyeka kokulandelayo:
- Kwenziwa ucwaningo ngohlelo lwe-endocrine;
- Yenza ukuhlonza kwama-pathologies akhona;
- Ifuna izinketho zokwelashwa kwazo;
- Isula imiphumela emibi engenzeka kanye nezifo ezihlobene.
Ngakho-ke, udokotela we-endocrinologist uphatha zonke izifo ezivela ngenxa yokungalingani kwe-hormonal. Ama-Hormones yizinto ezibonisa ukuthi zikhiqizwa yizitho ezithile bese zisakazwa egazini emzimbeni wonke. Kakhulu baphethe "ukuxhumana" kwezitho zomzimba nomunye. Ngokubambisana nohlelo lwezinzwa, ama-hormone alawula izinqubo ezibalulekile emzimbeni womuntu - kusuka ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni komzimba kuye ekumeni komzimba nokwakheka kwesifiso sobulili. Uhlelo lwe-endocrine luyinkimbinkimbi kangangoba izinkinga kulo zingavezwa ngezifo ezahlukahlukene - kusuka kushukela, ukukhuluphala kanye ne-osteoporosis kuze kube ukungazali, i-alopecia kanye nokuphazamiseka kwemizwa yengqondo.
Izingxenye ze-Endocrinology
I-Endocrinology, njengezindawo eziningi zemithi, inezingxenye zayo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
I-Endocrinology yezingane. Lesi sigaba sidingida zonke izingqinamba ezihlobene nokuthomba, ukukhula kwezingane, iziqu kanye ne-pathologies ehambisana nalezi zinqubo. Futhi, i-endocrinologist yezingane yathuthukisa izindlela nezinhlelo zokwelapha zaleli qembu leminyaka, icabanga ngazo zonke izici.
Isifo sikashukela Kakade ngegama kuyacaca ukuthi le ngxenye ifunda zonke izinkinga ezihambisana nesifo sikashukela kanye ne-pathologies ehambisana nayo.
I-Andrology kufanele futhi ikhulunywe, ngoba ama-endocrinologists kanye ne-urologists abandakanyeka ekubuyiselweni kwempilo yabesilisa.
I-endocrinologist akufanele ikwazi ukubona izimpawu futhi ihlole izindlela ezahlukahlukene zesifo, kodwa futhi imise ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo futhi ivikele ukwakheka kwama-pathologies afanayo, futhi uma kunesidingo, khetha izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuvimbela.
Okwamanje, isifo sikashukela (kucatshangelwa izifundo kanye nokutholwa okuningi okwenziwe kule ngxenye ye-endocrinology) sekubhekwa njengesiyalo esehlukile.
Uma sibheka izici zesifo esifana nesifo sikashukela, isimo esingapheli senkambo yaso kanye nokwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi, okuyinkimbinkimbi, okuhlala kudinga indlela yomuntu ngamunye, lokhu kuyinto yemvelo ngokuphelele.
Ngoba udokotela ungudokotela we-endocrinologist, kuye ngokuthi welaphi, kungaba udokotela wezingane, umuntu omdala, noma isifo sikashukela.
Yiziphi izitho ezingena ohlelweni lwe-endocrine
- I-Hypothalamus (le ngxenye ye-diencephalon ibhekele ukulawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba, indlala nokoma);
- I-pituitary gland (i-appendage engezansi yamakhorali, osayizi bayo ingeqi i-pea, kepha lokhu akuyivimbeli ukuthi ibe yisakhi esiyinhloko sohlelo lwe-endocrine nama-secrete ama-hormone adingekayo ekukhuleni, imetabolism kanye nokuzala);
- I-pineal gland, noma i-pineal gland (etholakala egangeni phakathi kweshubhu ephezulu yophahla lwangaphakathi lwebele, ikhipha izinto ezihamba kancane emisebenzini ye-pituitary gland kuze kube sokufikisa);
- I-yegilo yegilo (ikhiqiza ama-hormone athinta wonke amaseli nezicubu zomzimba);
- Ama-pancreas (akhiqiza i-insulin nezinye izinto zomgudu wokugaya ukudla);
- Izindlala ze-Adrenal (zisiza ukulawula umfutho wegazi, umetabolism, ukusabela ekucindezelekeni kanye namahomoni ocansi;
Umsebenzi kadokotela ukususa noma yikuphi ukungasebenzi kahle ekusebenzeni kwabo.
Yiziphi izifo ezelapha udokotela we-endocrinologist?
Uhlu lwezifo udokotela ophatha lukhona. Nazi eziphambili:
- Isifo sikashukela yisifo esidala ukuvimbela imvelaphi yokuntuleka kwe-insulin emzimbeni.
- Isifo sikashukela yisifo esidalwa yisifo esidalwa ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-pituitary gland kanye ne-hypothalamus, lapho isiguli sikhononda ngaso sonke isikhathi nomuzwa wokuthi womile, ukuchama kaningi.
- I-Autoimmune thyroiditis yisifo lapho i-yegilo yegilo ikhula khona ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-iodine emzimbeni.
- I-Acromegaly ingukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-hormone yokukhula.
- Isifo i-Itsenko-Cushing yisifo se-endocrine esidonswa ukusebenza okunganele kwezindlala ze-adrenal.
- Ukuphazamiseka kokutholakala kwe-calcium metabolism - ku-serum yegazi, ukuqoqwa kwalesi sici sefreythi kungenzeka ukuthi kudluliselwe phezulu noma kwehliswe.
Uma sikhuluma ngokunye ukuphazamiseka okwenzeka ngokumelene nokwasemuva kwezifo ezingenhla, i-endocrinologist iphatha futhi:
- Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
- ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa ye-neuropsychiatric;
- ubuthakathaka bemisipha;
- i-gynecomastia (ukukhula kwesifuba emadodeni);
- I-hypogonadism (ukungakwaneli ukwakhiwa kwama-hormone ocansi, kuboniswa kungakhuli kahle kwezitho zangasese);
- ushintsho lwendalo kuma-chromosomes ocansi, isibonelo, i-Turner syndrome, i-Klinefelter syndrome;
- ukwephulwa komazisi wobulili;
- ukungasebenzi kanye nokungasebenzi kwe-erectile emadodeni;
- kwehla i-libido;
- ukungazali
- i-alopecia;
- ukungahambi kahle kokuya esikhathini;
- I-PCOS (i-polycystic ovary syndrome kwabesifazane);
- hyperhidrosis.
Kwenzekani ekuhlolweni kwe-endocrinologist
Uma isiguli sifika kudokotela okokuqala, khona-ke udokotela uzoqala alalele izikhalazo zakhe futhi ahlanganise umlando wezokwelapha (umlando wezokwelapha), lapho isimo nezimpawu ezikhona manje zesiguli ziyoqoshwa ngokusobala.
Ngemuva kwalokho udokotela uzohlola isiguli, asiphathe i-lymph node, i-thyroid gland, futhi uma kunesidingo, nabesilisa bazobuye bahlolwe. Ngokunokwenzeka, udokotela uzobhala nokudluliselwa ukuze ayohlolwa igazi: bazosiza ukukhipha noma baqinisekise izinsolo zanoma yisiphi isifo. Uhlu lungahle lufake nokuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-biochemical, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwama-hormone egilo, ama-hormone ocansi Abesifazane bazophinde banikezwe imininingwane yokuthi yiluphi usuku lomjikelezo lapho kudingeka ukunikela ngegazi.
Ngaphandle kokuhluleka, inhliziyo izolalelwa futhi umfutho wegazi ulinganiswe. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngokuya ngokuthi ukuhlolwa kukhombisa ini kanye nemiphumela yocwaningo, kuzonqunywa ukuthi ngabe izifundo ezengeziwe ziyadingeka - i-MRI, i-ultrasound, i-CT, i-pununch.
Kufanele avele nini udokotela we-endocrinologist?
Unganquma kanjani ukuthi uthintane nodokotela othize? Kunezimpawu ezithile ezibonisa ukungasebenzi kahle nokungasebenzi kahle ohlelweni lwe-endocrine. Ziqondile, kepha ziningi futhi zibanzi. Ngakho-ke, kaningi ukuxilongwa kwezifo zohlelo lwe-endocrine kunzima.
Ukwehla kubangelwa ezinye izifo noma ukukhathala kwe-banal. Izimpawu ezijwayelekile, ezibonakalayo kalula zibandakanya:
- Ukuthuthumela okungalawulwa kwezingalo.
- Ukungahambi kahle kokuya esikhathini, ukuntuleka kokuya esikhathini noma ukubamba kakhulu, isikhathi eside.
- Ukukhathala okungapheli kanye nokubulala ngaphandle kwesizathu ngaphandle kwesizathu.
- I-Tachycardia.
- Ukubekezelela okungekuhle kwezinguquko zokushisa, ukubanda noma ukushisa.
- Ukujuluka okukhulu.
- Ukushintshwa kwesisindo okungazelelwe kunoma isiphi isiqondisi futhi ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo.
- Ukuntuleka kwesifiso sokudla.
- Ukuphazamiseka, inkumbulo emibi.
- Ukomela noma okuphambene nalokho, ukuqwasha.
- Imvamisa isimo sokudangala, ukunganaki, ukudangala.
- Ukuqunjelwa, isicanucanu.
- Izipikili ze-Brittle, izinwele, isikhumba esimpofu.
- Ukungacabangi ngezizathu ezingaziwa.
Zonke lezi zimpawu ezingenhla zibonisa ukuthi ezinye zezitho zohlelo lwe-endocrine azisebenzi kahle.
Imvamisa, isizathu sihlala entweni yokushoda kwehomoni noma ukwephula inqubo ye-metabolic.
Ungasibona kanjani isifo sikashukela
Lesi sifo yisizathu esivame kakhulu sokuvakashela i-endocrinologist, futhi esiyingozi kunazo zonke. Izimpawu nezimo ezilandelayo kufanele zikwenze ucabange ukuthi kufanele uvakashele lo dokotela:
- Isikhumba esomile nokoma okungapheli;
- Ukulunywa okungatholakali ngesifo sikashukela sesikhumba nolwelwesi lwama-mucous;
- Ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba, amanxeba okuphulukisa angahambi kahle;
- Ukuchama okusheshayo;
- Ukukhathala, ubuthakathaka bemisipha;
- Ubuhlungu bekhanda obuhambisana nokuhlaselwa ngokungazelelwe kwendlala;
- Ukwanda okubabazekayo kokudla, naphezu kokulahlekelwa isisindo;
- Ukulimazeka kokubonakalayo.
Ukungajabuli emisipha yamathole kwesinye isikhathi kuyaphawulwa - izinhlungu kanye neziqubu.
Ukubonisa ingane nini udokotela
Ngeshwa, ukwephulwa kohlelo lwe-endocrine ezinganeni kutholakala kaningi njengabantu abadala. Okuhle ukuthi baphathwa ngempumelelo. Letha ingane kwi-endocrinologist yezingane uma:
Usemuva kakhulu ekukhuleni ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo.
Unokungazweli komzimba obuthakathaka - uvame ukugula, unesifo somzimba.
Ukuthomba kuyaqhubeka ne-pathologies - ukwanda kwesisindo ngokweqile noma ukulahleka kwesisindo okubukhali kuyaphawulwa, izici zobulili zesibili zikhula kabi, njll.
Imvamisa, izinkinga zelashwa ngempumelelo uchwepheshe kusenesikhathi, elawula ingemuva elingazinzile lamahomoni osemusha.
Kukuziphi ezinye izimo okudingeka uvakashelwe kuzo i-endocrinologist
Noma kungekho zimpawu nezimpawu eziphazamisayo, lo dokotela kusazodingeka avele kaningi empilweni yakhe. Lokhu kuyadingeka uma:
Kuhlelwe ukukhulelwa futhi ube nengane;
Udinga ukukhetha izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo;
Umvuthwandaba sesifikile.
Eminyakeni engu-40+, bobabili abesilisa nabesifazane ngezinjongo ze-prophylactic kufanele bavakashele i-endocrinologist kanye ngonyaka.
