Izimpawu eziphambili ze-pancreatitis ingaqala ukukhathaza isiguli izinyanga eziyisithupha kuphela ngemuva kokuba ukugula kuqale ukukhula. Kulesi simo, odokotela bakhuluma ngokubuyela enkambeni ebandayo yokuvuvukala kwepancreatic, futhi ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile, i-pancreatitis ingena kumlando.
Uhlobo lwesifo olungamahlalakhona noma olubi kwezinye izimo luqala ukubonakala kuphela ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. Uma ukubuyela emuva kwenzeka, khona-ke ukufa kwezingxenye ezibalulekile zezicubu zesitho esigulayo kuyaqala. Inqubo efanayo iqala ukwenzeka kungqimba lwamafutha, bese iqhubekela kolunye uhlangothi lwe-gland.
Isibonakaliso esiyinhloko sokuqalwa kokuqhakaza bukhali futhi kubuhlungu obukhulu ohlangothini lwesobunxele. Uma kunezicubu eziningi ezithintekile, khona-ke izinhlungu zizobuye zibhekwe emuva engezansi, futhi zinikeze ngaphansi kwes scapula noma emuva.
Ezinye izinkomba zokwanda kwe-pancreatitis:
- i-pancreatic edema;
- izinhlungu ezinzima esiswini;
- ukuthuthukiswa kokufakwa emgodini wesisu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuvela kabusha kwe-pancreatitis, ukwanda kokushisa komzimba, isicanucanu, nokuhlanza kungaqala, okungeke kudambise inhlala-kahle yomuntu ogulayo. Amacala aqaphelekile lapho kunesitulo esincane kakhulu esinezinto ezingalungile zokudla okungagcinwanga nesigwebu, izimpawu ezinjalo azivamile.
Kwezinye iziguli, umbala wesikhumba ungashintsha - ujike ube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma uthole i-jaundice. Isikhathi sesimo esinjengalesi sisuka ezinsukwini ezi-2 kuye kwezingu-8.
I-pancreatitis ibonakala ngokuhlukahluka kwezimpawu. Ngaphezu kwalezi zimpawu, ukushayeka kwenhliziyo, ukulahleka kwesifiso sokudla, ukuthambeka ngokweqile emathunjini, amanyikwe nokugcotshwa kwemvelo kuvame ukuhambisana, ukukhuluma ngokomfanekiso. Amaconsi abomvu nawo angaqala ukuvela ngaphezulu kwesikhumba sesisu, emuva noma esifubeni.
Izimpawu nezimpawu zokwanda kwe-pancreatitis enzima
Uma isimo sesiguli sibi kakhulu, khona-ke izimpawu zokushaqeka okunobuthi noma ngisho nokuwohloka kungabonakala. Ukushisa komzimba kungawa kakhulu noma kukhuphuke kumaki omkhulu.
Izinga lokwanda okuboniswa yizimpawu, ukuvuvukala kwamanyikwe kungafika ngezinga elithile kuncike kulezi zinto:
- inani kanye nezinga lomonakalo kwezicubu zamanyikwe;
- Izici zokungasebenzi kahle kwesitho;
- inani le-exacerbations yangaphambilini ye-pancreatitis engapheli.
Ama-syndromes aphambili ekuphindaphindweni kwenqubo yokuvuvukala, umuthi ufaka:
- izinhlungu
- i-malabsorption (ukumunca okwanele kwezakhi zomzimba);
- i-maldigestion (ukuntuleka kokugaya);
- i-dyspepsia yamathumbu (ukukhiqizwa okungahambi kahle kwama-enzyme);
- i-asthenic (ukukhathala nokukhathala).
Ukwephulwa kwemisebenzi ye-intracecretory ne-exocrine kuyabonakala, nakho kubhekwe njengezibonakaliso nezimpawu.
Ukwelashwa kanjani?
Inhlala kahle yesiguli ngokwanda kwe-pancreatitis engapheli kunzima, kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kokungenelela kokuhlinzwa, ukwelashwa kuyasinda.
Ngaphandle kwalokhu, lesi simo ngeke sishiywe ngaphandle kokungenelela kwezokwelapha, ngoba amanyikwe, akhiqiza inqwaba yama-enzyme abalulekile ekugayweni kokudla okwanele, asesimweni esibuthakathaka futhi esidangele.
Inqubo efanayo ayithinti kahle inqubo yokugaya, futhi ngemuva kwalokho ukwelashwa kuzoba yinkimbinkimbi kuphela.
Ngokusekelwe ku-pathogenesis yenqubo yokuvuvukala ye-pancreatitis engapheli kumanyikwe, ukwelashwa kufanele kuhloswe:
- ukuncipha kokutholwa kwejusi le-pancreatic;
- ukuvimba izinhlungu;
- ukwelashwa esikhundleni se-enzyme;
- ukuvimbela izinkinga.
Ukwehla kokugcinwa kokugcotshwa kwe-pancreatic kungatholwa ngokugcinwa kwekhwalithi yokudla okukhethekile, okunikezela ukuncishiswa kokusetshenziswa kwamafutha ezilwane, imikhiqizo yobisi, ukudla okunezipayisi, kanye nokuphuza utshwala ngesikhathi sokwanda ngesikhathi sesifo esingamahlalakhona.
Ukudla kufanele kufake ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa:
- ama-enzyme e-pancreatic;
- i-myotropic antispasmodics.
Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwenqubo yokuvuvukala yohlobo olungamahlalakhona, umsebenzi oyinhloko ukunciphisa ubukhulu besifo, okwabangelwa umsebenzi we-intraorgan we-enzymes we-pancreatic kanye nengcindezi ephansi ngaphakathi kwemigqa.
Lokhu kungatholakala ngenxa yokubizwa ngokuthi yi-secretory dormancy ngenxa yokudla kokudla okungunombolo 5 ngokusho kwe-Pevzner (ene-preliminary 2 izinsuku zokuzila). Kubalulekile futhi ukucindezela ukukhiqizwa kwejusi yesisu, ekhuthaza ukugcotshwa kwejusi le-pancreatic ngesikhathi sokwanda kwe-pancreatitis engapheli.
Ukwelashwa empeleni kubandakanya ukukhululeka kobuhlungu, kungatholwa ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwe-antispasmodics, analgesics ye-non-narcotic. Ukwelashwa kwesikhashana kuzokhonjiswa i-steatorrhea (ukumbumbuluzwa ngokweqile kwamafutha anamachilo) ngokulahleka kwe-lipid okungaphezulu kwe-15 g ngosuku, okuhambisana nokwehla kwesisindo semisipha nohudo.
Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa
Ukwelapha ukwanda kwe-pancreatitis engapheli, udokotela uzosebenzisa i-N-2 histamine blockers (Ranitidine, Famotidine) noma i-proton pump inhibitors (Rabeprazole, Omeprazole for pancreatitis).
Ukuphathwa kwama-antacid kuzoba nempumelelo ekwelapheni lesi sifo, ngokwesibonelo, kungaba yi-Alfogel, Maalox. Kwezinye izimo, kuyadingeka ukuthi kuguqulwe ukuyeka ukukhiqizwa kwe-pancreatic secretion (Octreotide) noma umsebenzi wama-enzyme ayo (Gordoks, Kontrikal).
Ukuvimbela i-pain syndrome ngenkathi ususa ukuqeda ukuvuvukala kungatholakala ngokuthi:
- anticholinergics (Platifillin, Metacin, Atropine);
- ama-antispasmodics (uNo-shpa, uPapaverin, uDrotaverin);
- ama-analgesics ama-non-narcotic (Metamizole sodium (Analgin), Ketorolac, Paracetamol);
- inhlanganisela yezidakamizwa ezingezona ze-narcotic (Baralgin).
Kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa okwandisa i-pancreatitis kungenziwa kusetshenziswa i-opioid analgesics (Tramadol, Promedol).
Ukunciphisa izinga lokubonakaliswa kwe-dyspepsia kanye nokushoda kwe-enzyme, izidakamizwa ezikhethekile, isibonelo, i-Creon, izosiza ngokwanda kwe-pancreatitis engapheli.
Le mishanguzo ingadambisa izinhlungu ngenxa yokukhululeka kokucasulwa kwe-pancreatic ngokwendlela yokuphendula. Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kungaqedwa ngosizo lwe-prokinetics (Motilium, Cisapride).
Izindlela zokwelapha zokwelapha i-pancreatitis zingabhekiswa:
- ukuvimba i-pain syndrome (izindlela ze-analgesic);
- ukuqina kwamathumbu (antispasmodic);
- ukwehla kwenqubo yokuvuvukala kwezicubu (anti-inflammatory);
- ukwanda komsebenzi we-endocrine wama-pancreas (izindlela ezivuselela i-insulin zokuqeda i-pancreatitis);
- ukuthuthukisa i-catabolism (antihypoxic);
- ukumisa isimo se-asthenia (sedatives).
Yini ebalulekile okufanele uyikhumbule?
Ngesikhathi sokwandisa inqubo yokuvuvukala kumanyikwe, kubalulekile ukugcina imisebenzi ephelele yayo. Ukuze uthole lokhu, umuntu ogulayo uzokwabelwa ukuphumula okuqinile kombhede, kanye nokuzila ukudla okwelashwa ezinsukwini zokuqala ezingama-2-3 kusukela ekuqaleni kokuhlaselwa.
Udokotela angancoma ukuphuza kuphela amanzi ahlanzekile ngaphandle kwegesi kumthamo we-200-300 ml emigqomeni eyisithupha usuku lonke. Amanzi angathathelwa indawo itiye elimnyama elibuthakathaka, elidakwa emaphepheni amancane, kanye nomhluzi osuselwa okhalweni lwe-rose, kodwa hhayi ngaphezu kwengilazi ezimbili ngosuku.
Ngeke kusasiza ngalutho ukusetshenziswa kwe-yoghurts enamafutha aphansi ngaphandle koshukela nama-filters, ubisi olubilisiwe olubhakwe, i-kefir noma ama-juices, ngaphambilini exutshwe namanzi amaminerali.
Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa emva kokuqhuma, ungahlanganisa kancane kancane ama-crackers, isobho, uchotshozwe esimweni se-liquid puree, usikevu lwenkukhu kusuka enyameni engenamanzi, inhlanzi eyindilinga, kanye nemifino, kodwa hhayi iklabishi. Akumelwe nje lapho udle umhluzi wenyama nezinhlanzi, i-okroshka ne-borsch.
