Imiphumela yokuhlolwa ushukela ikhombisa ukukhuphuka kweglucose egazini. Noma yimuphi umuntu unombuzo okufanele akwenze kulesi simo nokuthi yiziphi izidakamizwa okufanele azithathe ukuze wehlise, lapho ungathatha i-insulin.
Kukholelwa ukuthi i-insulin, isidakamizwa esisetshenziselwa ukugcina amazinga ashukela ajwayelekile, sinqunyelwe kuphela kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, i-insulin ingabekwa ngohlobo 2 lwalesi sifo.
Ungabona kanjani ukuthi umuntu uyayidinga i-insulin? Kunesisho phakathi kodokotela ukuthi kunoma yisiphi isiguli esinesifo sikashukela sinqunyelwe isikhathi sokuthatha i-insulin. Ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela sanoma yiluphi uhlobo, into esemqoka ukungaphuthelwa isikhathi sokuqokwa kwayo. Kwesinye isikhathi kuba nezigameko ukuthi isiguli simane nje sife, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuqokwa kwalo muthi.
Iziphakamiso zokulawulwa kwe-insulin eluhlobo 2 sikashukela
Isincomo esiyisisekelo sokuqokwa kwe-insulin ukungasebenzi kahle kwamanyikwe.
Njengoba lesi yisitho esibaluleke kakhulu kuzo zonke izinqubo zomzimba, ukungasebenzi kahle emsebenzini waso kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi emibi.
Ama-pancreas aqukethe okuthiwa amaseli β, abhekele ukwenziwa kwe-insulin yemvelo. Kodwa-ke, njengoba iminyaka ikhula, inani lale seli liyancipha. Ngokwezibalo zezokwelapha, ngemuva kokuxilongwa - uhlobo 2 sikashukela, isiguli sinqunywe i-insulin ngaphandle kokuhluleka ngemuva kweminyaka engama-7-8.
Izimbangela Ethinta I-pancreatic Degree
- ushukela ophakeme, ongaphezu kuka-9 mmol / l;
- ukuthatha imithamo emikhulu yemithi equkethe i-sulfonylurea;
- ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo ngezindlela ezihlukile.
Ushukela omkhulu wegazi
Okuqukethwe ushukela okungaphezu kuka-9 mmol / L kuthinta kabi amaseli we-pancreatic β. Ushukela uvimba amandla omzimba wokukhiqiza ngokuzimela i-insulin. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi ubuthi beglucose.
Ubuthi be-glucose ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin yi-pancreas ephendula ushukela egazini.
Odokotela bathi uma i-glucose iphezulu esiswini esingenalutho, khona-ke ngemuva kokudla isazonyuka kakhulu. Futhi-ke isimo singenzeka lapho i-insulin ekhiqizwa yi-pancreas inganele ukumisa ushukela wegazi ophezulu.
Ezimweni lapho amazinga kashukela aphezulu eba khona njalo, inqubo yokufa kwamaseli we-pancreatic iqala. I-insulin ikhiqizwa incane. Amazinga kashukela aphezulu ahlala ngaphambi nangemva kokudla.
Ukuze usize ama-pancreas abhekane noshukela futhi avumele amaseli ukuthi alulame, isiguli singabekwa i-insulin. Umthamo walesi sidakamizwa kufanele ubalwe ngokuqinile ngokusekelwe ezimweni eziqondile zesiguli kanye noshukela weglucose.
Ukulawulwa kwesikhashana kwe-insulin kusiza ama-pancreas ukuthi alulame futhi aqale ukukhiqiza amazinga anele e-insulin ngokwawo. Ungakhansela ukwethulwa kwe-insulin ngesisekelo sokuhlolwa kwegazi kokuqukethwe ushukela. Ukuhlaziywa okunjalo kungenziwa kunoma yimuphi umtholampilo wedolobha.
Emithini yesimanje, kunezindlela eziningi ze-insulin. Lokhu kuzosiza ukukhetha isilinganiso esifanele kanye nemvamisa yokuphatha isiguli, kokubili okunesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 nesesibili. Esigabeni sokuqala sesi sifo, isiguli sinqunyelwe imijovo engaphansi kwemi-insulin emibili ngosuku.
Imvamisa iziguli zenqaba izidakamizwa eziqukethe i-insulin, zikholelwa ukuthi zinqunywe esigabeni sokugcina sesi sifo. Kodwa odokotela balule ukuthi bangayeki ukusetshenziswa kwe-insulin, ngoba imijovo yayo izosiza ukubuyisela umsebenzi we-pancreatic. Ngemuva kokunciphisa izinga leshukela, i-insulin ingakhanselwa bese isiguli sibekelwa amaphilisi agcina ushukela ozinzile.
Imithamo ephezulu ye-sulfonylurea
Imvamisa, amalungiselelo we-sulfonylurea asetshenziselwa ukubuyisa umsebenzi wamaseli we-pancreatic β. Zishukumisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin ngama-pancreas futhi zisiza ukugcina amazinga kashukela. Le mishanguzo ifaka:
- isifo sikashukela;
- i-glimiperide noma i-analogues yayo;
- manin.
Le mishanguzo inomphumela omuhle ovuselelayo kumanyikwe. Kodwa-ke, imithamo ephezulu yale mishanguzo ingaholela ekubuyiseleni emuva.
Ngaphandle kokubeka le mishanguzo, amanyikwe angakwazi ukukhiqiza ngokuzimela i-insulin iminyaka eyi-10, ngemuva kokunquma umuthi iminyaka engu-8, kepha uma kusetshenziswa imithamo emikhulu kakhulu yemithi, amanyikwe azokwazi ukukhiqiza i-insulin iminyaka emihlanu kuphela.
Umuthi ngamunye ukuze uthuthukise ama-pancreas ungasetshenziswa ngaphandle kokweqa umthamo onconyiwe. Ngokuhambisana nokudla okufanele, lokhu kungasiza ukwehlisa amazinga kashukela. Umgomo oyinhloko wokudla kufanele kube ukusetshenziswa kwenani lama-carbohydrate, ikakhulukazi lawo atholakala kumaswidi.
Izindlela ezingezona ezejwayelekile zokwelapha ushukela
Kwesinye isikhathi iziguli esezikhulile zithola ukukhuphuka okubukhali kwamazinga kashukela emzimbeni. Ukudla noma ukumphuza, noma ukuphuza umuthi kungehlisa izinga. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda samazinga kashukela aphezulu, isisindo somuntu futhi singashintsha. Abanye abantu bakhula ngokushesha ngesisindo, kanti abanye behlisa kakhulu isisindo.
Ngalezo zimpawu zesifo, udokotela kufanele aqaphele imbangela yalesi sifo futhi anikeze nekhambi elifanele. Ezimweni ezinjalo, imbangela yokwanda koshukela ingaba yi-pancreatitis e-acute noma i-autoimmuneabetes, eyenzeka kubantu abadala kuphela.
Izimpawu ezengeziwe ze-pancreatitis esibuhlungu zingafaka:
- isicanucanu esiphikelelayo
- isiyezi
- Ubuhlungu esiswini.
Kulokhu, ukuzama ukuguqulela izinga likashukela ngosizo lwamathebulethi ngeke kuphumelele. Amazinga kashukela azoqhubeka nokukhuphuka, futhi lokhu kungaholela emiphumeleni edabukisayo, kufaka phakathi ukufa.
Kwi-pancreatitis eyingozi, isiguli sinqunywe umthamo we-insulin. Kuyadingeka ukujova i-insulin ngesifo esinjalo sempilo. Kodwa-ke, lesi yisinyathelo esidingekayo, uma kungenjalo umuntu angafa nokwanda ushukela emzimbeni.
Uma umuntu enesifo sikashukela i-autoimmune, ukunquma ukwelashwa okulungile kungaba nzima ngandlela thile kunanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela, ikakhulukazi lapho isifo sephuze ngokwanele.
Into ekhona ukuthi emzimbeni womuntu kunama-antibodies kuma-β cell we-pancreas, insulin kanye nama-receptors ayo. Isenzo sabo sihlose ukucindezela imisebenzi yamaseli we-organ; leyo ndlela futhi inesimo sohlobo lwe-1 mellitus sikashukela.
Imiphumela yesifo sikashukela i-autoimmune kanye nohlobo 1 sikashukela ifana kakhulu lapho amaseli we-pancreatic abhekene nokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin efa kulezi zinhlobo ezimbili zezifo.
Uma lokhu kuluhlobo loku-1 lwesifo sikashukela, ukusebenza kwamanyikwe kungakhubazeka ngisho nasebuntwaneni, futhi i-insulin isivele ingabekwa, ngakho-ke kwisifo sikashukela se-autoimmune, ukubhujiswa kweseli kwenzeka ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30 kuya kwengama-40. Kodwa-ke, umphumela uzofana - isiguli sinqunywe imijovo ye-insulin.
Manje kunempikiswano esebenzayo phakathi kodokotela mayelana nokuthi yisiphi isigaba se-insulin yesifo okufanele sinqunywe. Iziguli eziningi zizama ukukholisa odokotela ukuthi abayidingi i-insulin futhi zibancenga ukuba baqale ukwelashwa ngamaphilisi. Abanye odokotela babuye bacabange ukuthi ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kufanele kuqalwe sekwephuze kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka.
Lapho iziguli zesaba i-insulin, kungachazwa. Kodwa-ke, ukuqokwa kwakhe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kwalesi sifo akuvunyelwa ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukunikezwa lesi sikhathi umuthi kusiza ukubuyisa amazinga kashukela abuyele kokujwayelekile isikhashana futhi ngemuva kokuyeka ukusetshenziswa kwawo isikhashana.
Isiguli ngasinye kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi udokotela akakuchazi i-insulin ngaphandle kwesizathu esizwakalayo. Imijovo ye-insulin ayiphazamisi impilo ephelele futhi iphila impilo esebenzayo. Kwesinye isikhathi, lapho isiguli sesinqunywe i-insulin, maningi amathuba okuba isiguli sigweme izinkinga zesifo.
