Imbangela yesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kumele ifunwe ngendlela engalungile emashumini eminyaka ngaphambi kokuqala kwesifo. Amazinga kashukela egazini kwabesifazane ngemuva kweminyaka engama-50 kufanele afane nalawo aseneminyaka engu-15 nengama-30 ubudala. Izinguquko ezincane zivunyelwe kuphela ukusuka eminyakeni engamashumi ayisithupha.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, ukuphazamiseka kwe-carbohydrate kungatholakala kuzo zonke iziguli eziyishumi lapho sezikhulile. Imbangela yabo ukudla okuphezulu kwe-carbohydrate, ukukhulupha ngokweqile, ukusebenza komzimba okuphansi. Engxenyeni yalaba besifazane, izinguquko ze-pathological ku-metabolism yezinto ziholela kwisifo sikashukela i-mellitus. Ukushintshwa kwamahomoni okuhambisana nokuqala kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kukhulisa ubungozi besifo.
Izimbangela zokuphambuka kashukela kokujwayelekile
Ngesikhathi sikaHippocrates, iminyaka yobudala engama-50 yathathwa njengabuthuthukisiwe abesifazane. Manje ukuguga ngokusemthethweni kuqala iminyaka engama-75, isikhathi sokuphila sikhula njalo. Umphefumlo wethu mncane kuneminyaka yethu yemvelo, kepha impilo, ngeshwa, kwesinye isikhathi iyahluleka. Eminyakeni ephakathi, ubungozi be-hypertension, isifo sikashukela, izinkinga zenhliziyo ziphezulu. Zonke lezi zifo ziwumphumela wokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic. Izinguquko zepathological zingabonakala esigabeni sokuqala, ngoba lokhu kwanele ukuthatha izivivinyo bese uqhathanisa imiphumela nokujwayelekile kweminyaka kashukela wegazi.
Isifo sikashukela nokucindezela kuzoba yinto yesikhathi esedlule
- Ukwehlela ushukela -95%
- Ukuqedwa kwe-vein thrombosis - 70%
- Ukuqedwa kokushaya kwenhliziyo okuqinile -90%
- Ukuqeda umfutho wegazi ophakeme - 92%
- Ukwanda kwamandla ngesikhathi sosuku, ngcono ukulala ebusuku -97%
Kaningi kwabesifazane kuba nokuphambuka kokujwayelekile ngendlela enkulu - i-hyperglycemia. Imbangela yayo ingaba:
- Isifo sikashukela mellitus. Ngemuva kweminyaka engama-50, ubungozi besifo sohlobo 2 luphezulu kakhulu. Ukwephulwa akuphatheki, kudinga ukwelashwa impilo yonke ngezidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela wegazi.
- Isifo sikashukela. Lezi izinguquko zokuqala kumetabolism, uma uzithola ngesikhathi futhi uqala ukuzelapha, ungakugwema izinkomba zesifo sikashukela - izinkomba zikashukela ku-prediabetes.
- Ukungondleki. Ushukela wegazi ungadlula okwejwayelekile uma kunama-carbohydrate amaningi ekudleni. Imvamisa lezi yizinkinga zokudla, isifiso esingenakuphikwa samaswidi. Ekugcineni, abesifazane abanezinkinga ezinjengalezi “bazithola” ngokwabo ukukhuluphala nesifo sikashukela.
- Ukuxineka. Lesi simo sihambisana nokukhishwa kwama-hormone esivimbela umsebenzi we-insulin. I-Hyperglycemia yalesi sizathu imvamisa ingeyesikhashana, kodwa futhi ingavusa ukuphazamiseka okungapheli. Ukugcizelelwa kwamagama kusho hhayi kuphela ukwesaba, kepha futhi ukulayisha ngokweqile ngokomzimba, ngokwesibonelo, ukushiswa kanzima nokulimala, ukushaya kwenhliziyo.
- Imiphumela emibi yezidakamizwa. Ushukela wegazi ungakhuphuka ngokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa zokucindezela nezidakamizwa ze-hormonal.
Ngezansi ushukela ojwayelekile, noma i-hypoglycemia, kuvame kakhulu. Imbangela ingaba yindlala, izifo zezinhlelo zokugaya kanye ne-endocrine, ama-tumic e-secreting tumors.
Izinguquko kushukela wegazi zihambisana nalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:
| I-Hyperglycemia | I-Hypoglycemia |
ukoma, ulwelwesi lwe-mucous olomile nesikhumba, ukuchama kaningi, izifo ezelapheka ezingalapheki kahle, ukukhathala okungapheli, ukusebenza okwehlisiwe. | ukulamba kakhulu, ukuthambekela okwandayo, ukujuluka, ukuthuthumela kweminwe, ukuthuthumela kwangaphakathi, ukucasuka, ukubekeka phansi, ubuthakathaka. |
Isimo sikashukela eminyakeni engama-50
Ushukela wegazi ushintsha kaningi ngaphansi kwethonya le-physiology. Ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa, inkomba engenhla kuka-2.8 mmol / L iyinto evamile, yize sesikhulile singayizwa njenge-hypoglycemia enazo zonke izimpawu zokuphawuleka. Kancane kancane, ushukela ukhuphuka kancane, lapho uneminyaka eyi-14, uqhathanisa nezindlela zabantu abadala: 4.1 - 5.9. Ngokuqala kokuguga nokuguga, amanani aphezulu we-glycemia avumelekile: eminyakeni engama-60, inani eliphezulu ngu-6.4, eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu yokuphila, ushukela ungakhula ube ngu-6.7 mmol / L.
Isimo sikashukela segazi kwabesifazane ngemuva kweminyaka engama-50 ngu-4.1-5.9. Izimo Zokwethenjwa kwedatha:
- ukuhlaziywa kufanele kuthathwe esiswini esingenalutho;
- kuyadingeka ukukhipha izici ezithinta okwesikhashana i-glycemia: izidakamizwa, ukucindezela, injabulo;
- igazi lithathwa emthanjeni, hhayi emunweni.
Uma ushukela unqunywa ngemitha ye-glucose yasekhaya, izinga elivumelekile lincipha kancane, ngemuva kweminyaka engama-50 umkhawulo ophezulu ungaba ngu-5.5. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi igazi le-capillary elihhuma emunweni lingahlanjululwa ngoketshezi olungejwayelekile.
Umehluko phakathi kwesifo sikashukela nokujwayelekile umncane. Ngoshukela eVienna, abesifazane abangama-5.8 sebesempilweni, benenkomba yokuthi abangu-7.1 sebekhuluma ngoshukela. Iphutha le-glucometer lingafinyelela ku-20%, isilinganiso salo akuyona ukuhlonza ushukela, kepha ukulawula ushukela wegazi onesifo esivele sikhona. Uma idivaysi ithole okweqile kokujwayelekile, ungabukholwa bufakazi bayo. Ukwenza ukuxilongwa, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlaziye kusuka kuthambo lwesisu olungenalutho elabhoratri.
Umphumela wokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini ushukela
Kwabesifazane, iminyaka ephakathi yokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini yiminyaka engama-50. Ngokuqala kwayo, isizinda se-hormonal sishintsha, kanye nazo izici zokwabiwa kwamafutha emzimbeni. Emantombazaneni amaningi, amafutha amaningi ngokweqile afakwa ezilingweni nasezinkalweni. Lapho ama-ovary eyeka ukusebenza, uhlobo lwesisu sokukhuluphala kancane kancane luyaqina. Abesifazane baqaphela ukuthi isisu sabo siqala ukwanda, futhi amanoni awekho ngaphansi kwesikhumba ngokushesha, kodwa azungeze izitho zangaphakathi.
Ukukhuluphala kwesisu yimbangela yezifo zemithambo, isifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Kwabesifazane abakhuluphele ngokweqile, ukumelana ne-insulin cishe kuhlala kunjalo. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula kakhulu kusuka emunweni esiswini esingenalutho akunakukwembula, ukuthola isifo, kudingeka uhlolo olukhethekile lwelabhoratri.
Amafutha avusa ukumelana ne-insulin, wona abangela ukucaseka ngokweqile kwe-insulin, okuphazamisa izinqubo zokunciphisa umzimba. Ukuze ungaweli kulo mbuthano, isisindo kufanele silawulwe impilo yonke, noma okungenani iminyaka eminingana ngaphambi kokuqala kokuya esikhathini.
I-Glycemia kwabesifazane incike ngqo emsebenzini wama-hormone, ngakho-ke, ngemuva kweminyaka engama-50, lapho isizinda se-hormonal sishintsha, isimo soshukela wegazi singadlulwa kafushane. Ngokwesisindo esifanelekile, ifa elihle, indlela yokuphila esebenzayo, ushukela uvamile ngokwawo, kuyilapho abanye besifazane benobungozi obukhulu besifo sikashukela ngalesi sikhathi.
Ungasibona kanjani isifo sikashukela
Ukuphazamiseka kwe-carbohydrate kungumphumela oqondile wemikhuba yethu. Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, ama-carbohydrate asheshayo, umsebenzi ophansi kancane kancane kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi ushukela osegazini lethu uqala ukwedlula okujwayelekile. Esigabeni sokuqala, isifo sikashukela asikaxoxwa ngaso. Ama-pancreas ngalesi sikhathi afinyelela ngempumelelo ukumelana ne-insulin, ushukela wokuzila usala ngokufana, kepha i-glycemia ngemuva kokudla ibuyela kokujwayelekile kamuva nangemva kwalokho. Izimpawu azikho, ukwephula umthetho kungabonakala kuphela ngokuhlaziywa.
Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus sitholakala lapho i-glucose esheshayo iba ngaphezulu kuka-7. Kusuka manje lesi sifo singalapheki, ungangena kuphela esimeni sokuxolelwa ngosizo lokudla okuqhubekayo nemfundo ejwayelekile yomzimba. Izimpawu zivame ukungabi njalo. Zivela lapho ushukela wegazi uqala ukwedlula into ejwayelekile, imvamisa ku-9, noma u-12 mmol / l.
Izimpawu ezikhethekile zesifo sikashukela:
- i-cystitis eyandayo, i-bacterial vaginitis, i-candidiasis;
- ukusheshisa ukuguga kwesikhumba;
- ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane;
- sehlile ukuvusa inkanuko yobulili.
Uvivinyo Ushukela
Ngenxa yokuthi akunakwenzeka ukuthola isifo sikashukela kuphela ngezimpawu, abesifazane bayalulekwa ukuba bahlole ushukela njalo eminyakeni emi-3. Ngokwesisindo ngokweqile, umlando wesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, ifa elibi, igazi kufanele linikelwe minyaka yonke.
Izinketho Zokucwaninga:
- Ukuhlolwa kokumelana ne-insulin kukuvumela ukukhomba ukwephulwa kwasekuqaleni, lapho ushukela wokuzila usesejwayelekile. Kwenziwa ngemuva kokudla u-75 g we-glucose, ngaphezulu kwemizuzu engu-120 elandelayo, ushukela wegazi kufanele wehle ufike ku-7,8 - ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nokuhlolwa kokubekezelela ushukela.
- I-hemoglobin ye-Glycated ibonisa konke ukwanda kushukela wegazi. Izinkomba> I-6% ikhombisa i-prediabetes; > 6.5 - mayelana nesifo sikashukela.
- Ijubane loshukela. Ukuhlolwa okushukela okushibhile futhi okuvame kakhulu. Ingasetshenziswa ukuthola isifo sikashukela, kepha ngeke ikhombise ukuqala kokuphazamiseka kwe-carbohydrate - ngokuningiliziwe ngokuhlaziywa kweshukela.
Ukwehliswa ushukela
Noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic, kudliwe ukudla. Ungafinyelela ushukela wegazi ngokunciphisa inani lama-carbohydrate ekudleni. Ama-carbohydrate ashesha kakhulu andisa amaswidi ngaphezu kwakho konke: ushukela, ufulawa nemifino enesitashi. Izinkomba zokudla ezisezingeni eliphansi ze-glycemic, okuncane lapho kwakha ushukela wegazi. Ukudla kususelwa kwimifino enama-fiber amaningi okudla, ukudla okunamaphrotheni amaningi, amafutha angenasisekelo. Faka imifino, amajikijolo nezithelo ezithile, umhluzi we-rosehip, imithambo ye-herbal kumenyu - bheka ukudla kwethebula le-9.
Ungabhekana nokumelana ne-insulin ngosizo lwezemidlalo. Kwatholakala ukuthi kwabesifazane ihora lokuzivocavoca kakhulu kunciphisa ushukela wegazi ezinsukwini ezi-2 ezizayo.
Imithi iyadingeka lapho ukudla kanye nemidlalo kunganele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amazinga e-carbohydrate kubantu besifazane abuyele kwesejwayelekile. Esigabeni sokuqala, i-metformin ihlala ichazwe njalo, isiza ukunqoba ukumelana ne-insulin, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukunciphisa i-glycemia.
Uma ucabanga ukuthi ukwanda okuncane koshukela wegazi akuyona ingozi, funda-ke ukuthi yiziphi izingqinamba zesifo sikashukela eziholela kuzo.
>> Imvelo ushukela wegazi kwabesifazane ngemuva kweminyaka engu-60
