Ukuphakanyiswa kwendlela yokuphila enempilo kugxile emzimbeni omuhle, ocwazimulayo kwabesifazane nabesilisa. Kepha akuwona wonke umuntu ofuna ukulahlekelwa amakhilogremu angeziwe abhekane nalo msebenzi ngokugcwele. Ukukhuluphala kuvame ukuhambisana nesifo sikashukela, esinciphisa inqubo. Unganciphisa kanjani ishukela ngaphandle kokulimaza impilo? Ingabe ukudla kudla kusiza ngokwejwayelekile isisindo sikashukela?
Umbuthano onobubi
Akusibo bonke abantu abakhuluphele abanesifo sikashukela, yize kusengaphambili ukuthi lolu hlobo lwesibili seliphezulu. I-"insulin" ye-hormone ibamba iqhaza ekwakhekeni kwamafutha angaphansi komhlaba, okuthi ekusebenzeni kwawo kufanele kusize ukufakwa kweglucose ngamaseli. Empeleni lokhu kuy inqubo evamile. Amandla eseli atholakala kushukela. Kepha kungaba ukwehluleka emzimbeni ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili:
Umlutha we-carbohydrate uholela ekwakhekeni kweglucose eyeqile. Amangqamuzana awadingi amandla amaningi futhi ayenqaba ushukela, ohlala ku-plasma. Umsebenzi we-insulin ukukhipha ushukela ngokweqile egazini. Ukuphela kwendlela yokuyiguqula ibe ngamafutha. Ama-carbohydrate amaningi, ashesha kakhulu futhi ngenkomba ye-glycemic ephezulu, kulapho kukhula khona ungqimba lwamafutha.- Amaseli alahlekelwa umuzwa we-insulin. “Isivalo” ngaphakathi esitokisini sivaliwe futhi ushukela akakwazi ukungena ngaphakathi kuwo. Inani le-hormone lenyuka ngoba ubuchopho buthola imininingwane mayelana nokuqothuka ushukela egazini. I-glucose eningi, i-insulin eningi - futhi, ukusetshenziswa kuyadingeka, okungukuthi, kukhona ukuguqulwa kwamafutha.
Umlutha we-carbohydrate uholela ekwakhekeni kweglucose eyeqile. Amangqamuzana awadingi amandla amaningi futhi ayenqaba ushukela, ohlala ku-plasma. Umsebenzi we-insulin ukukhipha ushukela ngokweqile egazini. Ukuphela kwendlela yokuyiguqula ibe ngamafutha. Ama-carbohydrate amaningi, ashesha kakhulu futhi ngenkomba ye-glycemic ephezulu, kulapho kukhula khona ungqimba lwamafutha.Lesi sithombe sitholakala kubantu abanomlando wesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 noma isimo sangaphambi kwesifo sikashukela.
Abantu abakhuluphele bazama ukuqeda ngokuphelele ama-carbohydrate kusuka ekudleni futhi bashintshele ekudleni okungenawo ama-protein noma i-carbohydrate. Inkinga ukuthi umzimba ungathola amandla kuphela kuma-carbohydrate. Kuvela izinkinga ezingathi sína ezithinta ngokushesha izinga likashukela wesifo sikashukela nesimo esivamile.
Ukwehla kwesisindo sikashukela kufanele kube okunengqondo futhi kancane kancane. Ngesifo sohlobo 2, ukunciphisa umzimba kusiza ngokwejwayelekile amazinga eglucose futhi kungasusa ngokuphelele isifo sikashukela.
Ngabe oDokotela abasebenza ngo-Type 1 diabetes bazuza isisindo somzimba
Uma isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 siwumphumela wokungondleki, indlela yokuphila nesisindo ngokweqile kumuntu oseminyakeni ethile, khona-ke uhlobo 1 lwenzeka ngenxa yokuncipha kokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin noma ukungabikho kwayo ngokuphelele emzimbeni.
Lababantu abayona abagugile, ngoba umthamo we-hormone ngomjovo awudluli okujwayelekile.
Inani le-insulin kuzofanele lenyuswe ngokushintsha umthamo. Imijovo eminingi, iba mibi kakhulu esigulini. Umuthi ophuzekiwe uzoqongelela bese ucubungula i-glucose ibe ngamafutha.
Kunoma yiziphi izimo, umuntu udinga ukwehlisa isisindo. Ukwehla kwesisindo - ukufanekisa ushukela.
Ukushintsha imikhuba
Ukulahlekelwa isisindo ngohlobo 2 sikashukela kungokoqobo uma usondela kwinqubo enolwazi oluyisisekelo ngezimbangela zokukhuluphala. "Abantu abaningi emzimbeni" bakholelwa ukuthi ukunciphisa okuqukethwe kwekhalori kwimenyu noma ukunciphisa izingxenye lapho kudliwa, isisindo sizoncibilika phambi kwamehlo. Wonke ama-buns, amaswidi, okusanhlamvu, i-pasta, amazambane ayasuswa, kepha izindawo eziyinkinga zikhula ngokuxhuma nangemingcele. Ukubala ikhalori yohlobo 2 sikashukela kuzomane kuholele ekuqhekekeni kwemizwa nomuzwa wokungabi namandla. Ukuntuleka ushukela kungadala izinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu:
- Umsebenzi wobuchopho ongasebenzi kahle;
- Ukuvuselelwa kweseli kuzamiswa;
- Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo nokwenhliziyo;
- Ukwephulwa kokulethwa ohlelweni lwezinzwa;
- I-glycemic coma ehlaselayo;
- Ukudana
- Amandla.
Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ulahlekelwe isisindo sikashukela, udinga ukubonana nodokotela wezempilo kanye ne-endocrinologist.
Le nqubo kufanele iqale ukulawula ukuthi ilungisa ngesikhathi esifanele imithamo yezidakamizwa (i-insulin noma amaphilisi okunciphisa ushukela). Njengoba ungqimba lwamafutha luncipha, ushukela ungancipha noma ubuyele kokujwayelekile.
Ochwepheshe bahlala bancoma ukuthi kubuyekezwe imikhuba yokudla. Ukwenza umuntu omdala isinyathelo esinjalo kunzima. Kukhethwa isidlo lapho ama-carbohydrate akhona, kepha elusizo kwabanesifo sikashukela. Qiniseka ukuthi ugcina idayari yokudla, eqopha yonke imikhiqizo yosuku.
Ngokuncipha kwesisindo ngohlobo loku-1 nohlobo 2 sikashukela, ukusebenza ngokomzimba kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuqina ngokwanele kusiza ukwandisa ukuzwela kweseli ku-insulin nokuguqula ushukela kube amandla, hhayi amanoni.
Ukuze wehlise isisindo, udinga ukudla
Ukudla okunesifo sikashukela kufanele kube okuphelele. Umzimba udinga amaprotheni, amafutha, ama-carbohydrate namavithamini. Ukunakwa ikakhulukazi kufanele kukhokhwe kuma-carbohydrate, atholakala ngenani elikhulu lemikhiqizo. Akuwona wonke ama-carbohydrate afanayo. Zihlukaniswa ngenkomba ye-glycemic (GI):
- Ilula ngesilinganiso esiphakeme se-GI - uma isivele emzimbeni, iguqulwa ngokushesha ibe ushukela futhi idonswe amaseli. Uma ukudla kuqukethe inani elikhulu lemikhiqizo enjalo, khona-ke kukhona ushukela omningi. I-insulin iphenduka ngokweqile ibe ngamanoni, okwenza izimpahla uma kungenakukodwa okunye ukudla.
- Ihambisane ne-GI ephansi - ukwahlukaniswa kuhamba kancane, amandla angena emzimbeni ngezingxenye ezifananayo. Akukho okweqile ukuthi i-insulin ingahumusha ibe ngamafutha. Indlala ingeze yenzeke kuze kube amahora angama-4-5 ngemuva kokudla.
Ekufakweni kwama-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi ngokuhlanganiswa namaprotheni namafutha, kwakhiwa ukudla okune-carb ephansi kwabanesifo sikashukela.
Ukuqonda ukuthi yikuphi ukudla okuyi-carbohydrate eyinkimbinkimbi, kufanele ufunde ngokucophelela uhlu lwama-carbohydrate aphansi bese ufunda ngokucophelela amalebula emaphaketheni.
Ukuze ulahlekelwe isisindo ngempumelelo kushukela, kufanele ufunde ukwenza imenyu yansuku zonke futhi uthenge imikhiqizo edingekayo ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Le ndlela izosusa ukuphazamiseka uma kunomuzwa wokulamba, futhi isikhathi siyaphela.
Thayipha 1 futhi uthayiphe i-2 diabetesics akufanele yeqe ibhulakufesi ukuze ungaphazamisi amazinga kashukela. Kungcono ukufaka ikhofi esikhundleni se-chicory noma itiye, ngoba i-caffeine ivusa ukuchama ngokweqile futhi ingaholela ekuphepheni komzimba.
Esikhathini sikashukela, kunenkinga yokuqukethwe kwamanzi aphansi ngenxa ye-glucose eyeqile.
Isikhathi esiphakathi kokudla akufanele singeqi umkhawulo wamahora angama-5. Ngokufanelekile, uma kunokuphumula kwamahora ama-4 phakathi kwesidlo sasekuseni, isidlo sasemini nesidlo sasebusuku. Ukudla okulula kwamukelekile, kepha kucatshangelwa ukucutshungulwa kwamazinga kashukela usebenzisa i-glucometer. Esigabeni sokulahlekelwa isisindo, le divayisi kufanele ihlale isiseduze.
Ukudla kokunciphisa umzimba onesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kufanele kuthuthukiswe ngunompilo okungenani okokuqala. Njengoba usuqondile umgomo wokudla okufanele futhi uthole imiphumela emihle, ungaguqula izindlela zokupheka zezinja namamenyu, ucabangele okuthandayo.
Amathuluzi wokunciphisa isisindo esengeziwe sikashukela
Ukudla okwenziwe ngokudla wedwa akwanele ukunciphisa isisindo ngohlobo 1 noma isifo sikashukela 2. Ngaphezu kwalokho, odokotela bayeluleka:
- Ukuzivocavoca ngokomzimba ngaphandle kokushiseka ngokweqile;
- Ukuthatha amaphilisi akhethekile ukusiza ukunciphisa ukumelana kwe-insulin kwamaseli omzimba kushukela.
Kwabanesifo sikashukela, imidlalo kufanele. Ukuzivocavoca okwanele kusiza ekulinganiseni ushukela nama-hormone.
Akunasidingo sokuzivocavoca noma ukuqeqeshwa kweqembu kuze kube ukujuluka. Ngeke kusebenze. Indlela enhle yokushisa amakhalori oshukela ukuthatha ukuhamba kwakho kwansuku zonke ngesivinini esisheshayo. Umuntu osondele ukubhukuda. Ungashintsha eminye imithwalo. Isikhathi akufanele sibe ngaphansi kwehora elingu-1.
Ngesisindo esindayo, ukugijima kanye nemithwalo yamandla amakhulu kuyaphikiswa. Amathambo kanye nokuhlangana kwamajoyina kukhuphula ukucindezelwa ngenxa yamakhilogremu, futhi ushukela omningi ubangela ukuvuvukala, amathambo omzimba futhi kunciphise ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi. Kungenzeka ukuwa, ukulimala nokunyuka komfutho wegazi. Ezemidlalo kufanele zibe mnandi.
Amapilisi Esifo Sikashukela
Ukubuyisa ukuzwela kwamaseli womzimba ku-insulin yohlobo 2 sikashukela, amaphilisi, into esebenzayo yayo yi-metformin, usizo. Intengo edume kakhulu futhi engabizi kakhulu yidakamizwa uSiofor. Ukwemukelwa kwayo kufanele kuvunyelwane nodokotela ozobakhona, ozonquma umthamo ofanele. Kwi-pharmacy chain, kukhona namanye amaphilisi asuselwa ku-metformin. Le mishanguzo nayo ingasetshenziswa ngohlobo lwe-1 sikashukela sokukhuluphala ukwehlisa inani lemijovo ye-insulin.
Kunzima kumuntu ojwayele ukudla okuthile ukujwayela impilo entsha. Kunzima kakhulu ukwenqaba ukudla uma bekuphela komthombo wenjabulo. Dinga ukwethulwa kwezidakamizwa eziqukethe i-chromium, i-zinc, uwoyela wezinhlanzi, ezinciphisa ukuxhomekeka komsoco kuma-carbohydrate.
Kwesinye isikhathi umlutha wokudla kwabanesifo sikashukela kufanele welashwe ngosizo lodokotela wezifo zengqondo noma wezengqondo. Udinga ukuphula umbuthano lapho izinkinga zibambeka futhi kuholele ekuzuzeni okusha kwesisindo. Kwezinye izimo, ukwehlisa isisindo kuqala ngalesi sinyathelo, ngoba zonke izinkinga ezisekhanda lomuntu.
Ingabe ukulahleka kwesisindo okusheshayo kungenzeka ngesifo sikashukela
Kumuntu ngamunye, umqondo wesisindo ngokweqile ungumuntu ngamunye. Kumuntu, ama-5 kg abonakala eyinkinga enkulu, kepha othile ufuna ukwehlisa isisindo ngesigamu.
Ukwehla kwesisindo okusheshayo nesifo sikashukela kungenzeka uma ulandela izincomo zikadokotela. Kepha ingabe kuphephile njalo?
Iningi labantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 balwa nokukhuluphala. Amafolda anqwabelana ngokuhamba kweminyaka, imishini yokucindezela kwamafutha ezithweni zangaphakathi futhi, mhlawumbe, kuholele kwezinye izinguquko. Esigabeni sokuqala, ukwehla kwesisindo kuzobonakala, ngoba u-fluid ngokweqile uzoqala ukuphuma. Kepha kuthatha isikhathi ukwehlisa amanoni.
- Okokuqala, izinga loshukela kanye nenani le-insulin kufanele libuyele kokujwayelekile;
- Amaseli kufanele abangele indlela yokuguqula ushukela abe amandla;
- I-metabolism izobuyiselwa futhi amanoni athe xaxa ayoqhekeka, kepha ngokulinganayo, ukuze kungabi ngaphezulu kakhulu uhlelo lwe-excretory.
Ekuphetheni
Ukukhuluphala kwesifo sikashukela kutholakala ngokwengeziwe ohlotsheni 2 lwesifo, lapho umbuthano uvala futhi udinga ukhiye omkhulu ngendlela yezinqubo ezithile ezihlose ukwehliswa kwesisindo. I-Type 1 diabetesics nayo inezingozi zokuthola isisindo ngokweqile ngenxa yokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwama-carbohydrate alula nokungahambelani nomthamo we-insulin. Unganciphisa isisindo sikashukela uma wenza umzamo futhi uqeda ukuxhomekeka kokudla. Uhlobo lwesibili, ukwelashwa okuphelele kwesifo sikashukela kuyamukeleka uma ubuyisela umzimba wakho kokujwayelekile.
