Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwabesifazane, bobabili i-metabolism kanye nokushintsha kwesizinda se-hormonal ejwayelekile. Phakathi kwezinkomba ezibaluleke kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi izinga likashukela, ngoba ukwanda kwalo kubeka engcupheni impilo kamama nengane.
Ukwazi izimpawu zesifo sikashukela kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, unganciphisa ubungozi bokuthola inqubo ye-pathological kanye nezinkinga ezingenzeka.
Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
Isifo sikashukela esiba khona ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa sibizwa ngokuthi ukungcebeleka.Kubonakala kuphambana nesizinda sezinguquko ezinqubweni ze-metabolic, ushintsho lwamahomoni emzimbeni wesifazane.
Ama-pancreas akhiqiza i-hormone ekhethekile - i-insulin, eqinisekisa ukumunca ushukela amaseli. Kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, okuqukethwe kwayo kuyanda ngaphansi kwethonya lamahhala e-placental (ama-progesterones).
I-pancreas igcwele kakhulu futhi ibhekana kabi nemisebenzi yayo, ikakhulukazi uma kunezifo ezihlanganyelayo (i-gastritis, i-pancreatitis, i-hepatitis yama-etiologies ahlukahlukene).Uma owesifazane eba nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, inkinga enkulu ukuthi umoya-mpilo omningi udliwe ekwakheni ushukela.
Ngale nqubo, ukuntuleka kwe-oksijini akunakugwenywa, ngenxa yokuthi i-hypoxia ye-fetus ikhula kanjani. Kodwa umzimba okhulelwe usuvele ubhekene nengcindezi eyandayo, futhi izinqubo ze-pathological zisebenza ngokwengeziwe.
Ukwephulwa komzimba kwenzeka ohlelweni lwe-vascular, olubonakala ngamaconsi okucindezela, ohlelweni lwezitho zofuzo, olukhonjiswa ngokuvuvukala. Lapho kukhona ukutheleleka, i-pyelonephritis ne-bacteriuria iyakhula. Enye yezimpawu ezibonakalayo zesifo sikashukela esinjalo yi-nephropathy, eyenzeka ezigabeni zakamuva.
Izimpawu kwabesifazane abakhulelwe zibonakala ngokucacile. Abesifazane bathola ulwazi:
- ukoma (ikakhulukazi ekuseni) emlonyeni kanye nokoma okungenakuqedwa;
- ukuchama okwenza buthaka;
- ukukhathala okungenasisekelo;
- Izinkinga zokubuka;
- isikhumba esikhanyayo;
- isifiso esivamile sokudla.
Umlomo owomile nokoma ukoma
Lapho i-glucose egxiliwe kwi-serum yegazi idlula okwejwayelekile, iba yi-viscous. Umzimba uzama ngandlela thile ukunxenxa i-pathology, kanti umfazi uhlala womile.
Umlomo owomile kwenzeka ngenxa yesizathu esifanayo. Ukuphuza amalitha amathathu noma ngaphezulu amanzi nsuku zonke, isiguli sikhuphula okwesikhashana inani eliphelele legazi lakhe, njengokungathi liyalifaka.
Kepha, uma imbangela ingushukela ngempela, ukukhululeka kuzoba nje okwesikhashana. Ngenxa yalokhu, akunakwenzeka ukuqeda lomile. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, lesi simo siyingozi ikakhulukazi.
Izinso zowesifazane zibhekene nengcindezi eyandayo. Uma yena, ngaphezu kwalokho, ephuza amanzi amaningi, kuvela ukuvuvukala, umfutho wegazi uyenyuka.
Ukuchama okusheshayo
Uma owesifazane okhulelwe evame ukufuna ukusebenzisa indlu yangasese, akasona isifo sikashukela.
Isimo esinjalo kwesinye isikhathi sithathwa njengokujwayelekile futhi kungokwemvelo. Kwi-trimester yokuqala, umzimba uhlangabezana nezinguquko ze-hormonal, ku-trimester yesithathu, ingane ekhula ngamandla icindezela ibhulethi.
Ngasikhathi sinye, umbala, ukungaguquguquki nobuningi bomchamo kuhlala kungashintshiwe, akukho ukungcola kwegazi nomphimbo, futhi inqubo yokuchama ayibuhlungu futhi idlula ngaphandle kobuhlungu.
Ngakho-ke, abesifazane abakhulelwe abakhathazeki ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuhambela njalo ukuya endlini encane, yize lokhu kungaba wuphawu lwesifo sikashukela. Ukuhlaziywa kuphela kwesungula amazinga aphezulu we-ketone imizimba noshukela.
Kwehliswe ukubonwa okubonakalayo
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngisho nakwabesifazane abanempilo enhle, izinkinga zokubuka zingenzeka ngenxa yezinguquko ku-homeostasis kanye nomthwalo owandayo ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi nezicubu zezinzwa. Kepha imvamisa lezi zimo zingezesikhashana futhi zilungiswa kalula.
Esikhathini sikashukela, ukuphazamiseka kwenzeka ngokushesha futhi kungazelelwe:
- amabala kanye “nezimpukane” kuyavela emkhakheni wombono;
- ukudonsa nokugwaza izinhlungu kwenzeka ezinhlamvini zamehlo;
- ukugxila kombono kuyaphazamiseka;
- kuqinisa ukusabela kobuhlungu ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo;
- amehlo akhathala ngokushesha.
Uma izimpawu ezinjalo zivela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kufanele uthintane nodokotela wamehlo kanye ne-endocrinologist. Lezi zingcweti zizonikeza izincomo ezidingekayo futhi, uma kunesidingo, zizonikeza ukwelashwa okuzosiza ukugwema izinkinga ezinkulu ngombono.
Ukukhathala
Esikhathini sikashukela, amangqamuzana omzimba acishe awamunca ushukela, okuholela ekunciphiseni kwamandla awo kanye nasekuqongeleleni imikhiqizo enezinto ezinobuthi ezicutshini zomzimba. Ngakho-ke, abesifazane abakhulelwe abanesifo sikashukela bavame ukuzwa ukukhathala nokukhathala.
Isikhumba esikhanyayo
Lapho abesifazane abakhulelwe benenkinga ngesikhumba, lokhu kungaba uphawu lwesifo sikashukela. Kuhlotshaniswa nomsebenzi ongasebenzi kahle wama-pancreas, umthwalo owengeziwe esibindini.
Ngokukhuphuka kokuhlushwa kwe-plasma ye-glucose, izinga lama-triglycerides (amafutha abhekele amandla synthesis) ayanda.
Lokhu kuboniswa yi-seborrhea, ukubonakala kwamathumba amancane namaphaphu, kuhambisana nokulunywa kwesikhumba nokukhonkotha. Isikhumba siba sincane kakhulu, kuqhume iminjunju nemifantu.
Noma yimiphi imikhiqizo yezimonyo iletha impumuzo yesikhashana, ukuphela kwendlela yokuqeda izinkinga zesikhumba kwabesifazane abakhulelwe abanesifo sikashukela ukwehlisa ushukela wegazi labo.
Ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla
Eshukela, kunoshukela omningi egazini, kepha alunwa amaseli.
Kulesi simo, umzimba awukwazi ukudidiyela inani lamandla adingekayo, ngakho-ke umuzwa ongapheli wendlala uphakama - lokhu kungenye yezimpawu zesifo sikashukela kwabesifazane abakhulelwe.
Ukulungisa umzimba we-carbohydrate metabolism, kwesinye isikhathi kwanele ukulungisa indlela odla ngayo. Owesifazane naye uboniswa ukuzivocavoca okulula.
Ezinye izimpawu zesifo sikashukela kwabesifazane abakhulelwe
Isifo sikashukela kwabesifazane abakhulelwe sinezimpawu ezifanayo nakwezinye iziguli.Kepha zingahle zingabizwa kangako ngenxa yezici zomzimba sowesifazane ngalesi sikhathi.
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukungasebenzi komzimba kuyancipha, futhi kuthambekela kokutheleleka kanye nokwanda kwezifo ezingamahlalakhona ezingalapheki. Isifo sikashukela kuphela sandisa lesi simo futhi singazibonakalisa sinezimpawu ezahlukahlukene ezivela kwizitho eziningi nezinhlelo eziningi.
Ngakho-ke, abesifazane abakulesi sikhundla badinga ukuthatha ukuhlolwa kwegazi koshukela nokuhlolwa kwe-glucose ukubekezelela ukuhlonza ama-pathologies kwasekuqaleni izigaba.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi likashukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
Isifo sikashukela kungenzeka kakhulu ukuphuphuma kwesisu, i-gestosis, izifo zepolyhydramnios kanye nokuzala.
I-fetus ikhuluphele, okuhambisana nokuntuleka kwe-placental kungavusa ukulimala kokubeletha kumama nengane. Ngakho-ke, owesifazane owazi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngokuvamile akakwazi ukunquma ukuthi akhulelwe.
Kodwa isifo sikashukela sokuthambisa ukukhula emzimbeni sesivele sikhula ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa (imvamisa ngemuva kwamasonto angama-28) futhi sibonisa ukwephulwa kwe-carbohydrate metabolism. Ukubona i-pathology kuvumela ukuhlolwa kwegazi.
Nayi idatha yokuqukethwe ushukela ezigabeni ezahlukahlukene zesifundo:
- degree (yokuqala) elula - ushukela <7.7 mmol / L. Ukulungiswa, ukukhethwa kokudla kunconyiwe;
- idigri yesibili (ephakathi) - ushukela <12.7 mmol / l. Ukudla kanye ne-insulin kuyadingeka;
- degree (yokugcina) enkulu - ushukela> 12.7 mmol / L. I-ketoacidosis kanye nokulimazeka kwemithambo ku-retina yeso nezinso kuyabonakala. Kulesi sigaba, imithamo emikhulu ye-insulin inikezwa lowesifazane.
Izici zezifundo zefomu lesikhathi sokuzivocavoca lesi sifo
Isifo sikashukela sokutholwa komzimba sivame ukuqala ngemuva kwamaviki angama-28 ekhulelwe bese sinyamalala sodwa kungakapheli izinyanga ezi-2 luzelwe.
Okusho ukuthi, isikhathi lesi sifo sincane. Kepha kusekhona ubungozi bokuguquka kwesifo sikashukela seqiniso.
Kubalulekile ukuthi ezigabeni zokuqala, i-pathology icishe ibe nge-asymptomatic, futhi abesifazane abayinaki kangako. Lokhu kwenza ukutholakala kwegciwane kube nzima futhi kuvame ukudala izinkinga eziyingozi.
Imiphumela engaba khona kumama olindele nengane
Isifo sikashukela yisifo esikhohlisayo esibangela ushintsho olukhulu olubi emzimbeni.
Inqubo ye-pathological ithinta impilo kamama nokukhula kwesibeletho, usongo lokuhushula isisu luyanda, ubungozi be-pathology enganeni engakazalwa nokufa okuphezulu ngemuva kokubeletha.
Kumuntu wesifazane, izifo ezingamahlalakhona ziya ngokuya ziqina, ukungasebenzi komzimba kuyancipha, futhi ukutheleleka okwengeziwe kungenzeka ngaleli ingemuva.
I-Fetopathy iba njalo:
- hypertrophic - ngokukhula okujwayelekile, isixuku esikhulu se-fetus siyabonakala, futhi i-placenta iyanda ngosayizi;
- hypoplastic - Ukubuyiselwa kokukhula kwe-intrauterine kwesibeletho ngesimo se-hypoxia ne-asphyxia kuyatholakala.
Amavidiyo ahlobene
Imininingwane yesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kule vidiyo:
Ezimpawu zokuqala nesifo sikashukela esisolwayo, owesifazane okhulelwe kufanele abonane nodokotela. Lokhu kugula akusona isigwebo. Ngokulashwa okwanele nokulandela izincomo zikadokotela, ukukhulelwa kuyaqhubeka ngaphandle kwezinkinga nama-pathologies futhi kugcina ngokuzalwa kwengane enempilo.
