Umuntu ngezikhathi ezithile zokuphila angahlushwa isifiso esithe xaxa sokudla into emnandi futhi ephezulu kakhulu ikhalori. Abesifazane bazizwa isidingo semithamo emikhulu yama-carbohydrate engxenyeni yesibili yomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini.
Odokotela bayayichaza le ndaba ngomsebenzi wamaqanda, abaphelelwa amandla okukhiqiza kahle ama-hormone futhi bagcine okuqukethwe kwabo okujwayelekile. Lesi sithombe sikhulu njengoba kusondela izindlela zokuya esikhathini.
I-Insulin Resistance kanye ne-Syndrome X
I-hormone i-insulin yi-anabolic eyinhloko ebhekene nokudla okujwayelekile emzimbeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-insulin ilawula izici eziningi:
- izinga loshukela egazini;
- ukumiswa kwamafutha.
Umuntu angafa ngokuntuleka njalo kwama-hormone, ngoba kuyadingeka ekuletheni ushukela ongaphazanyiswa usuka egazini uye ezingqamuzaneni. Bazisebenzisa njengamafutha ukuze babe khona okujwayelekile futhi bakhipha ushukela omningi ongqimba olunamafutha. Uma kunesidingo, ama-triglycerides anqunyelwe asetshenziswa njengamandla.
Ngokungafani nemiphumela ye-anabolic ye-testosterone (i-hormone eyinhloko yabesilisa), esetshenziselwa ukwakha izicubu zomzimba nethambo, i-insulin igcina amanoni.
Le hormone iyisisusa esinamandla se-lepenagenis (ukuguqulwa kwezakhi ezinamafutha) kanye nesithiyo esinamandla se-lipolysis (ukuqhekeka kwamafutha).
Ngenxa yesenzo se-insulin, iphesenti lemisipha namafutha lenyuka. Ngokukhuthaza kwe-insulin, inani lamaseli emisipha liyancipha futhi inani lamafutha angaphansi kwe-subcutaneous liyanda.
Ngokweqile kwe-insulin, owesifazane uzohlala ehlushwa isisindo ngokweqile, okunzima kakhulu ukusikhipha, ikakhulukazi lapho esemdala.
Izimpawu zokusebenzisa i-insulin ngokweqile
Kunezimpawu ezithile zokuqoqeka ngokweqile kwe-insulin ye-hormone:
- ukucindezelwa okungapheli (i-hormone yokuxinzelela - i-cortisol iyakhula);
- ukusebenza ngokweqile;
- ukuphazamiseka kokulala;
- ukusetshenziswa njalo kokudla okungenamsoco (okunotha ama-carbohydrate angenalutho);
- umsebenzi ophansi womzimba;
- umsebenzi we-thyroid onganele;
- ukuntuleka kwe-estradiol (ihomoni enkulu yabesifazane);
- I-testosterone ephezulu kakhulu (i-hormone yabesilisa).
Njengomthetho, uma kukhuphuka izinga likashukela wegazi, inani le-insulin elidingakalayo ukuyihambisa ligudluze egazini liye emisipha noma endaweni yokuqongelelwa likhiqizwa.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi njengoba kufakwa amafutha, ama-insulin receptors aqala ukusebenza kubi kakhulu. Amangqamuzana kashukela akakwazi ukubopha ngokwanele kuwo. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, lapho-ke ngemuva kokudla amazinga eglucose uhlala ephezulu ngokwanele. Isizathu ukuthi i-insulin, yize ikhona egazini, ayinawo umphumela ohlosiwe.
Ama-receptors we-Brain aqaphela njalo amazinga kashukela egazi futhi athumela amasignali afanele kumanyikwe ukuze akhiphe i-insulin ethe xaxa ukuze azinza. Amaseli kanye negazi kuyachichima nge-hormone, futhi lapho nje kuqala ukusebenza, ushukela usakazeka ngokushesha emzimbeni, obangela i-hypoglycemia.
Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, ukuzwela okwanele kwe-insulin kungabhekwa, okubuye kwandise lesi simo.
Ukumelana ne-insulin
Ukuphikiswa (ukumelana) yisimo lapho kunokwanda kwezinga le-insulin noshukela wegazi. Kukhona ukunqwabelana koshukela ngendlela yamafutha esikhundleni sokuwusebenzisa njengamandla. Ngenxa yokuthi i-insulin ye-hormone ayinakuba nomphumela ofanele ekusebenzeni kwamaseli emisipha, umphumela wokungatholi inani elifanele lokudla uqhamuka.
Ngasikhathi sinye, amangqamuzana awantula uphethiloli odingekayo, futhi umzimba uhlala uthola izibonakaliso eziphathelene nendlala. Lokhu kwenzeka ngaphandle kokuqukethwe okwanele kanye nezinga le-glucose egazini.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kuyanda ukudla okwengeziwe, futhi ngenxa yenani elikhulu le-insulin, amafutha aqongelela emzimbeni, ukukhuluphala kancane kancane kuyavela futhi ukukhuluphala kuyaqala. Ngisho nemizamo yokuzethemba yokuguqula izinqolobane zama-depot wamafutha ibe amandla kwezicubu zomzimba ayiniki umphumela oyifunayo. Lapho lesi sifo siqhubeka, izinkinga zesisindo zanda kuphela.
Ngokuzwela okunganele kwe-insulin, owesifazane uyagcwala, ngisho nangasemuva kokungondleki kahle.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukumelana ne-insulin kuyacasula:
- ukwehla kwezinga lokuvikelwa komzimba, okubangela ukwanda kokutheleleka kwezifo;
- ukuvela okusebenzayo kwama-plaque odongeni lwemithambo yegazi;
- ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo
- ukwakhiwa okwandayo kwamaseli wemisipha ebushelelezi emithanjeni, kusiza ukunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwizitho ezibalulekile;
- ukunamathela okukhulu kwamapuleti anengozi ekhulayo ye-thrombosis (ukushayisana kwegazi kungadala ukufa).
Izinqubo ezifanayo ze-pathological zithinta kabi imithambo yegazi. I-insulin engaphezulu ngokumelene nesizinda sokuqukethwe kwe-estradiol ephansi ibhekwa ngodokotela njengethuba eliphezulu lokuthola ukugula kwezifo zenhliziyo nokuhlaselwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi.
Izinkinga emzimbeni zinegalelo ekuthuthukisweni kweSystem X, isifo esibucayi ikakhulukazi esidalwa yizinkinga ze-metabolic. Njengomthetho, abesifazane banalesi sifo. Kwandisa ukwanda kwesifo sikashukela nokufa.
Inhlanganisela ebulalayo yezimpawu:
- i-insulin ngokweqile;
- isisindo ngokweqile, ikakhulukazi okhalweni kanye nesisu;
- umfutho wegazi ophakeme;
- cholesterol yegazi ngokweqile;
- ukukhuphuka kwama-triglycerides.
E-inthanethi nakumaphephabhuku ezokwelashwa ungathola igama elehlukile - i-syndrome W. Ngaphansi kwalo kufanele kuqondwe:
- ukukhuluphala kwabesifazane;
- ukuzungeza okhalweni okungamasentimitha angama-88;
- umfutho wegazi ophakeme
- ukuphikelela kwengcindezi nokukhathazeka.
Uma i-estradiol ilungile, khona-ke amathuba ezinkinga zokuzwa okunganele kwe-insulin kuncishisiwe. Lokhu kungenxa yamandla wehomoni yabesifazane ukuthuthukisa ukusabela kwe-insulin kumaseli womzimba. Ukuntuleka kwalo kuyimbangela yokusebenza okunganele kwamaqanda.
Umphumela we-insulin kuma-receptors alesi sitho sangasese ushintsho olunjalo kuma-enzyme e-ovari, lapho inani le-androgen lenyuka khona. Ngasikhathi sinye, ama-hormone estradiol ne-estrone awakwazi ukunakekelwa ngezinga elifanele.
Ngokugcwala ngokweqile kwe-androgens emzimbeni wowesifazane, ukungalingani kwe-hormonal kuzokwenzeka nezinkinga nge-insulin. Ukusebenza kakhulu kwe-insulin egazini, kuyasebenza ngokwengeziwe ukukhuthaza ama-androgen akhiqizwa amaqanda. Lo mbuthano onesihluku unzima ngokwanele ukugqashula, futhi umuntu wesifazane ugcwala njalo ngonyaka. Ukwanda kwesisindo phakathi kwamantombazane amancane nabesifazane abasebasha kuyabonakala ikakhulukazi. Le nqubo yandisa ingozi yokukhubazeka.
Uma i-insulin ye-hormone ingekho ekuhlolweni okwanele, khona-ke isongela ukuthi izinga likashukela wegazi lizokwehla.
I-Hypoglycemia nokungabekezeleli ushukela
I-Hypoglycemia kufanele iqondwe njengeqoqo eliphansi kakhulu likashukela wegazi. Imvamisa lesisimo se-pathological sihlobene ngqo nezinkinga zokulawula izinga elanele likashukela emzimbeni. Odokotela babiza lesi simo ngokungabekezeleli.
Zombili lezi zinto ezingasebenzi kahle emzimbeni ziyizigaba zokuqala kakhulu zesifo sikashukela. Udokotela angahlonza i-hypoglycemia inqobo nje uma ushukela wegazi ungaphansi kwe-50 mg / dl. Kwezinye izimo, izimpawu ze-hypoglycemia nazo zingabonakala ngenani eliphakeme le-glucose, ikakhulukazi uma okuqukethwe kwalo kuncishiswa.
Ngenxa yokuthi i-glucose inguphethiloli obalulekile wamaseli obuchopho, ama-receptors ayo enzelwe ukuxwayisa umzimba ngezinkomba ezinganele zoshukela (ukwehla kwawo ngokushesha noma izinga eliphansi ngokweqile).
Leli phethini lichaza ukuthi kungani, ngezimpawu ezisobala ze-hypoglycemia, ukuhlolwa koshukela akukuqinisekisi, kukhombisa ushukela ojwayelekile. Kungenzeka ukuthi kwehle ngokushesha ezingeni elibucayi lapho ubuchopho buthola i-alamu noma ngabe isisindo sangempela sikashukela siphezulu kunokwejwayelekile.
Imishini efanayo isebenza ngezimpawu ze-hypoglycemia ngokushesha ngemuva kokudla. Ukukhiqizwa okwenziwe i-insulin kubangela ukusetshenziswa kwama-carbohydrate amaningi ahlanzekile.
Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukwephulwa emzimbeni?
Owesifazane kufanele alandele imiyalo eminingana ezosiza:
- gcina isilinganiso esanele se-glycemia;
- lungisa ukubekezelela ushukela;
- phatha ukumelana noshukela wegazi kanye noshukela.
Ungaphuma ogibeni olubizwa ngokuthi yi-insulin usebenzisa inhlanganisela efanelekile yamaprotheni, amafutha nama-carbohydrate.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele ukhumbule ama-nuances alandelayo.
Ingxenye Yesidlo Nesikhathi
Nsuku zonke kufanele kudliwe yiwashi. Futhi akufanele sikhohlwe ngokuqhekeka.
Uma udla ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene zosuku futhi ezingxenyeni ezinkulu, ikakhulukazi kusihlwa, khona-ke lokhu kuyimfuneko yokuqala yokukhiqizwa kwenani elikhulu le-insulin nokubekwa kwamafutha.
Kwenqatshelwe ukudla ukudla kwe-carbohydrate ephezulu okwandisa amazinga e-insulin.
Noma yimuphi umsebenzi womzimba ungabizwa ngokuthi yi-insulin. Kuyasiza ukuletha i-glucose emisipha futhi kwehlise izinga layo eliphakeme egazini.
Ukuzivocavoca kwesifo sikashukela i-mellitus kusiza ikakhulukazi ukuxazulula inkinga yokumelana ne-insulin futhi kunomthelela ekushisweni kwekhwalithi ephezulu kwamafutha omzimba. Lokhu kuzonikeza ithuba lokuthola amandla, kwakha izicubu zomzimba bese ngokwenza lokho kusheshise izinqubo ze-metabolic emzimbeni.
Ibhalansi yeHormonal
Kubalulekile ukulawula amazinga e-hormone. Le ndlela izosiza ukulawula inani lamafutha emzimbeni nasendaweni yayo ethile. Kungenzeka ukwakha izicubu zomzimba nokusheshisa imetabolism, inqobo nje uma ibuyiselwa:
- testosterone testosterone;
- i-hormone estradiol.
Indima ebalulekile kule nqubo inikezwe ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwe-yegilo yegilo.
Ukuphathwa Kwengcindezi
Ukuzama ukugwema ukulayishwa ngokweqile kwengqondo-ngokomzwelo, ungangehlisa izinga le-cortisol. Lokhu kuzowuthinta kahle umzimba wonke, kuvimbele isifiso sokubamba izingcindezi ngokudla okunama-kilojoule amaningi futhi kunciphise noshukela.
