Iphunga elithile lamakhemikhali lomchamo wezingane (i-acetonuria) yisimo esingakhombisa ukwehluleka kwesikhashana kwe-metabolic enganeni enempilo ngokuphelele, kanye nokugula okungathi sína (isifo sikashukela).
Kodwa-ke, abazali kudingeka bakhumbule ukuthi isimo esinjalo, uma singathathelwa izinyathelo ezanele, singaba yingozi empilweni.
Ake sizame ukuthola ukuthi kungani kunephunga le-acetone emchameni wengane, nokuthi yiziphi izindlela okufanele zithathwe ngasikhathi sinye.
Kungani umchamo unuka njenge-acetone enganeni?
I-acetonuria ingumphumela we-ketoacidosis. Leli igama lesimo esihambisana nokuba khona kwezidumbu ze-ketone ezinobuthi egazini lengane.
Lapho ukugxila kwabo kuphakama, izinso zizisusa ngokuqinile emzimbeni kanye nomchamo. I-Urinalysis yenza kube lula ukubona lezi zinto.
Ngalesi sizathu, igama elithi "acetonuria" alilona elekliniki, kodwa elebhu. Isikhathi somtholampilo yi-acetonemia. Bheka izimbangela zalesi simo ezinganeni. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, igazi akufanele libe nemizimba ye-ketone.
Bangumphumela we-metabolism engajwayelekile, lapho amaprotheni namafutha kuhileleka enqubweni yokwenziwa koshukela. Kungumthombo oyinhloko wamandla emzimbeni futhi kwakhiwa ngokufakwa kwama-carbohydrate angagaya kalula. Ukuba khona ngaphandle komthombo wamandla akunakwenzeka.
Ukwehla kokuxinaniswa koshukela egazini, inqubo yokuhlukanisa owakho amaprotheni nezitolo zamafutha iyaqala. Le nto ibizwa nge- gluconeogeneis.
Izidumbu zeKetone ziyiprojekthi ephakathi nendawo yokuqhekeka kwamafutha namaprotheni. Kuqala, izinto ezinobuthi zidalulwa ngohlelo lwe-excretory futhi zinikezwe i-oxidized ekugxilweni okuphephile.
Kodwa-ke, lapho izinto ze-ketone zakha ngokushesha kunokuba zisetshenzisiwe, ziba nomphumela olimazayo ebuchosheni bese zilimaza ulwelwesi lwama-mucous lomgudu wokugaya ukudla. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukugabha kwe-acetonemic futhi, kanye nokuchama okwengeziwe, kubangela ukuphuma komzimba.
I-Acidosis ijoyina - ukuguquka ohlangothini lwe-acid lokuphendula kwegazi. Uma kungekho zinyathelo zokwelashwa ezanele, ukoma nosongo lokufa kwengane ngenxa yokuhluleka kwenhliziyo kulandela.
Izimbangela eziphambili zephunga "lomakhemikhali" le-fetid lomchamo ezinganeni.
- Ukwehla kweshukela egazini ngenxa yokudla okunganele kwama-carbohydrate angagayishwa kalula ngokudla. Lokhu kungahle kube ngenxa yokudla okungalinganiseli noma izikhawu zesikhathi eside phakathi kokudla. Ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwe-glucose kungadala ingcindezi, usizi, ukuhlinzwa, ukucindezelwa kwengqondo noma ngokomzimba. Imbangela yokushoda kwe-glucose kungaba ukwephulwa kwe-digestibility yama-carbohydrate;
- Ukudla ngokweqile kokudla kwengane kugcwele ngamaprotheni namafutha. Ngenye indlela, umzimba awukwazi ukukugaya ngokujwayelekile. Lokhu kuqala indlela yokusebenzisa kwabo okukhulu, kufaka phakathi i-gluconeogeneis;
- isifo sikashukela mellitus. Izinga le-glucose kuleli cala lisezingeni elijwayelekile noma liye lenyuka, kepha indlela esebenza ngayo iyephulwa, kufaka phakathi nokusilela kwe-insulin.
Umbuzo uvame ukubuzwa ukuthi kungani ngempela izingane zithambekele ku-ketoacidosis. Kubantu abadala, i-acetone kumchamo ivela kuphela onesifo sikashukela esibolile.
Izimbangela ze-ketoacidosis zingokulandelayo:
- ingane ikhula ngokushesha, ngakho-ke inesidingo esikhulu samandla kunabantu abadala;
- abantu abadala baphethe ushukela (glycogen), izingane azinakho;
- emzimbeni wezingane awekho ama-enzyme anele asebenzisa izinto ze-ketone.
Izimbangela zokuhogela iphunga lomchamo ezinsaneni
Imvamisa, i-acetonemia yenzeka ezinganeni kusuka onyakeni kuya eminyakeni eyi-12, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ibonwa ezinsaneni.
Lokhu kungahlotshaniswa nezifo esezichaziwe ngenhla, kanye nokwazisa okungalungile kokudla okuhambisana nakho.
Uma ingane ibancela ibele, kufanele ukhawule inani lokudla okuhambisana nakho noma ukuyeke okwesikhashana.Lokhu akufanele kwesatshwe: ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uzokwazi ukubamba phezulu!
Izimpawu ezihambisana nazo
I-acetonemia iboniswa yinhlanganisela yezimpawu ezithile ezibizwa ngokubizwa ngokuthi inkinga ye-acetone. Ngokuphindaphinda kwabo okuphindaphindiwe, sikhuluma nge-acetonemic syndrome. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ihlukaniswe yaba yisisekelo nesekondari.
Okwesibili kwenzeka phambi kwezinye izimo nezifo:
- ukutheleleka (ikakhulukazi okuhambisana nokuhlanza nomkhuhlane: i-tonsillitis, viral yokuphefumula, izifo zamathumbu, njll.);
- i-somatic (izifo zezinso, izitho zokugaya ukudla, i-anemia, njll.);
- izimo ngemuva kokungenelela kokuhlinzwa nokulimala.
Imbangela ye-acetonemic syndrome eyisisekelo, njengomthetho, yi-neuro-arthritic diathesis, ebizwa nangokuthi uric acid.
Lokhu akuyona i-pathology, kepha isisulu sokusabela okubuhlungu kumathonya angaphandle. Umphumela we-uric acid diathesis ukwephulwa kwezinqubo ze-metabolic, ukuchuma ngokweqile kwezingane. Bahlukaniswa ukuhamba, ukushaqeka, ukuhlangana okujwayelekile nobuhlungu besisu.
Izici ezinikezayo zokuthuthukisa i-acetonemia kuleli cala zingaba:
- ukwesaba, ukukhathazeka kwengqondo, ngisho nemizwelo eyakhayo;
- izinkinga zokudla;
- ukuvezwa ilanga isikhathi eside;
- ukusebenza ngokweqile komzimba.
Izimpawu zenkinga ye-acetonemic:
- ukuhlanza okuphikelelayo. Kungenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu noma ukuphendula ekudleni noma emanzini;
- umuzwa wokucanuzelelwa kwenhliziyo, ubuhlungu besisu;
- ukuntuleka kwesifiso sokudla, ubuthakathaka;
- isikhumba esimile, ulimi olomile;
- ukuphuma komchamo (lesi sibonakaliso sibonisa ubukhona bokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni);
- Izimpawu zokuphulwa kohlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi. Ekuqaleni, ingane ithembela ngokweqile. Ngokushesha lesi simo sithathelwa indawo ukudinwa okukhuphukayo, kuze kufinyelele ku-coma;
- ukubukeka kokuxebuka (akuvamile ukwenzeka);
- umkhuhlane.
Iphunga le-acetone lizwakala kusukela ekuhlanzeni nasemlonyeni wengane. Ukwanda kwaso kungahluka futhi akusikho ukuxhumana ngaso sonke isikhathi nobunzima besimo esejwayelekile sengane.
Izindlela Zokuxilonga
I-Acetonemic syndrome ihambisana nokwanda kwesibindi. Lokhu kunqunywa ngokuhlolwa kwengane ngokomzimba (palpation) noma nge-ultrasound.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo kukhombisa isimo esifanele:
- ukwehla kweglucose yegazi (biochemical AK);
- ukukhuphuka kwe-ESR kanye nokwanda kokuqoqwa kwama-leukocytes (isiyonke i-AK);
- umchamo we-acetone (i-AM ephelele).
Ukuxilonga okusheshayo kungenzeka ngokusebenzisa imichilo ekhethekile yokuhlola. Zilungele ukusetshenziswa kwekhaya.
Kungcono ukuthi uhlole ngokushesha umchamo wokuqukethwe kwe-ketone ngemuva kokuvela kwezimpawu zokuqala zesimo esibi.
Ukuwohloka kwesivivinyo kunje:
- i-acetonemia emnene - ukusuka ku-0,5 kuye ku-1.5 mmol / l (+);
- ukwehla okulinganiselayo kwe-acetonemia edinga ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi - kusuka ku-4 kuye ku-10 Mmol / l (++);
- Isimo esibi esidinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela ngokushesha - okungaphezu kwe-10 Mmol / l.
Lapho kukhona i-acetone kumchamo, imiphumela yokuhlolwa okusheshayo idinga ukuthatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa okuqukethwe kwayo.
Ukulandelela isimo sengane ku-dynamics, udinga ukuvivinya isikhathi esingu-1 ngamahora ama-3.
Izimiso zokwelashwa
Izinyathelo zokwelashwa zokutholwa kwe-acetone emchameni wengane zinqunywa uchwepheshe.
Kufanele uye esibhedlela ngokushesha lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala zesimo esiyingozi, ngoba ubungozi bokukhula okungalindelekile kwemicimbi buphakeme kakhulu. Udokotela uzonquma izimbangela ze-acetonemia futhi anikeze isu elifanele lokwelashwa.
Ezimweni eziningi, ukwelashwa kungenziwa ekhaya. Ukulaliswa esibhedlela kuyadingeka kuphela uma ngabe ukwazi ukungakwazi kahle, ukubukeka kokuquleka nokuhlanza kanzima.
Umgomo wezinyathelo zokwelapha ukususa amakhambi anobuthi emzimbeni ngokushesha okukhulu. I-enema yokuhlanza, izidakamizwa ze-enterosorbent (i-smecta, Polysorb) zisiza kakhulu.
Isidakamizwa i-smecta
Ukugwema okunye ukuhlaselwa kokuhlanza, futhi ngasikhathi sinye ukuqeda ukomisa, ingane inikezwa isiphuzo ngezingxenye ezincane. Kuyasiza ukuguqula amanzi amaminerali we-alkaline neziphuzo ezinoshukela (itiye noju, isixazululo sikashukela, i-decoction yezithelo ezomisiwe). Isobho selayisi se-Mucous sisiza ukuqeda uhudo.
Amavidiyo ahlobene
UDkt Komarovsky ngokuthi kungani umchamo wengane unuka njenge-acetone:
Ngemuva kokuthi ukuvezwa kwenkinga ye-acetone kuqedwe, zonke izinyathelo kufanele zithathwe ukuze lokhu kungenzeki futhi. Dinga ukubonisana nodokotela nokuhlolwa kwengane okuphelele. Uma kunesidingo, kuzodingeka uguqule indlela yokuphila nokudla ukuze unciphise izinto ezivusa inkanuko.
Sidinga indlela efanelekile yokuphumula nokulala, imikhawulo yemidlalo yamakhompiyutha nokubuka imibukiso ye-TV ngokuthanda ukuhlala emoyeni. Kuzodinga nokulawulwa okuqinile kokucindezelwa kwengqondo nangokomzimba.
