Ukuvuvukala kwe-pancreatic kugcwele futhi kungamahlalakhona. Ngamunye wabo uhambisana nezinguquko ezithile ze-pathological ezenzeka ezicutshini zesitho esithintekile.
Uhlobo lwesifo olungamahlalakhona luba khona ngemuva kokuhlaselwa kanzima kwalesi sifo. Inqubo evilaphayo yokuvuvukala ihlala ngaphakathi kuyo, okucasulayo ukwephulwa kwesitho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, noma ususa umthombo wenkinga, inqubo ebhubhisayo ayimisi.
Emsebenzini wezokwelapha, izinhlobo ezahlukile zesifo ziyahlukaniswa, ngenxa yesici sokuthambekela, izimpawu zomuntu, ukubonakaliswa komtholampilo kanye nezinye izici ngesisekelo sokwatholakala kwaso isifo.
Ake sibheke izindlela nezigaba ze-pancreatitis, sithole ukuthi yini okufanele yenziwe uma kungukuthi ama-pancreas twitches, futhi yikuphi ukwelashwa okudingekayo?
Isigaba kanye nobunzima be-pathology
Ngokuya ngohlobo lwenkambo yenqubo engajwayelekile, ukuhlukaniswa kwalesi sifo kunikeza ama-degree amathathu: mnene, ulinganisele futhi unamandla. Ngefomu emnene yenqubo ye-pathological, ukubanjwa kokugula esigulini kutholakala kungadluli kabili ngonyaka, kubonakaliswa isikhathi esifushane.
Njengomthetho, ukwanda kulele ekungalandeleni isondlo esinconyelwe. Nge-pancreatitis, ekudleni okuthile kuyadingeka, ngaphandle kokudla okunamafutha, okunezipayisi kanye nezinongo. Futhi ngezikhathi ezithile udinga ukuhlela usuku lokuzila ukuze insimbi iphumule.
Uma izinhlungu zenzeka ngefomu emnene, khona-ke kulula ukukunqanda ngosizo lwemithi. Ngemuva kokuxolelwa kwenzeka, isiguli sizwa kahle.
Ubunzima obuphakathi be-pathology bubonakala ngamaphuzu alandelayo:
- Ukuhlasela okwandisayo kuze kube kane ngonyaka;
- Ama-pancreas ahlala edonsa, kukhona imizwa ebuhlungu;
- Kukhona ukwephulwa kokusebenza komzimba;
- I-Ultrasound ikhombisa ukuguqulwa kwesimo samanyikwe;
- Isiguli sincipha isisindo.
Ngefomu lesifo esinzima, ukutholakala kwe-exocrine kanye ne-intracecretory insuffasure, izimpawu zokuthi ziyaqanjwa, zihlala isikhathi eside. Izimbangela zihlanganisa ukungondleki kahle, izifo ezenzeka ndawonye - i-cholecystitis, i-biliary dyskinesia, i-gastroduodenitis, ukuvuvukala kwepillailla enkulu ye-duodenal.
Kuhlukaniswa izigaba ezine ze-pancreatitis engapheli:
- Isigaba se-Perclinical. Awukho umtholampilo, lesi sifo sitholakala ngengozi ngosizo lokuhlolwa kwelebhu kanye nokuxilongwa kwethambo.
- Esigabeni sesibili, umuntu omdala unobuhlungu obuphansi bebhande, izimpawu ze-dyspeptic azikho. Lesi sigaba sihlala iminyaka emi-5 ukuya kwengama-10, ngalesi sikhathi isikhathi sokukhululwa kanye nokuxolelwa siyatholakala.
- Esigabeni sesithathu, umtholampilo uhlala ukhona. Ukwanda kobuhlungu, ukubonakaliswa kwe-dyspeptic kuyaqapheleka, ukungapheleli kwe-endocrine kanye ne-exocrine kutholakala.
- Esigabeni sesine, kutholakala i-pancreatic atrophy, bese kuba nesifo sikashukela. Ukuguqulwa kwalesi sifo kube inqubo ye-oncological akunqunyelwe.
Uma uthola izimpawu zokuqala zobuntu, kufanele uthintane nodokotela. Lesi sifo sidinga ukuxilongwa okunekhono nokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi.
Izinhlobo ze-pathology
Izinhlobo eziningana ze-pancreatitis engapheli ziyahlukaniswa. Uhlobo lwesifo se-parenchymal luhambisana nokuphazamiseka kokusebenza okuyimfihlo kwamanyikwe. Ukulimala eziteshini ze-gland akubonwa, amatshe awekho. Isici - ukuqhubeka kancane, umtholampilo uvame ukukhathala, kunzima ukukuxilonga.
Kuyini i-pancreatic dyskinesia? Isifo esinjalo asikho, nge-bysary dyskinesia, compression of the ducts bile, ngokumelene lapho izicubu zesinye kanye izindunduma ze-bile zisebenza ngokungaphansi, okucasulayo i-pancreatitis.
I-pancreatitis esebenzayo ayisona isifo esizimele. I-Pathology yenzeka ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwezitho eziseduze - izilonda zesisu, i-duodenum, cholecystitis.
Ayikho into efana ne-pancreatitis eyindlalifa. Kodwa-ke, isetshenziswa ngochwepheshe bezokwelapha lapho amalungu omndeni ofanayo etholakala enalesi sifo ngaphandle kwesizathu. Okwamanje, ososayensi bahlobanisa i-pathogenesis ye-pathology nesici esithile sofuzo.
Ukulimala kwe-pancreatic kungaholela ezinkingeni ngomzimba, ngenxa yalokho kutholakala ukuthi i-post-traumatic pancreatitis istholakale. Ngokubukeka kokuqagela kwesitho, esikhulu sikhononda ngobuhlungu, kunezimpawu zesifo sokuqaqamba kweminye imitholampilo kanye nokunye okutholakale emitholampilo. Ukugula okuhlukumezayo kuphathwa ngendlela efanayo yesifo.
Ezinye izinhlobo ze-pancreatitis eyingozi:
- I-Alimentary pancreatitis ivela ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwezitsha ezinamafutha nezinongo, uhlobo lotshwala lwesifo nalo lungabikwa kulokhu;
- I-gastrogenic iyakhula ngenxa ye-pathologies yepheshana lesisu;
- I-etiology yohlobo lwe-ischemic ingenxa yokuqhekeka kwemithambo yegazi ngeziqalo zegazi noma ngamachweba we-atherosulinotic;
- I-pilireatitis ye-biliary - ukulimala kwendlela yomthambo;
- Uhlobo lokutheleleka. Izimbangela - i-hepatitis yegciwane, mumps;
- Ukubukeka komzimba noma okunobuthi kubangelwa ukuvezwa kwezinsimbi ezisindayo, udayi, izinyibilikisi nemithi ethile.
I-colitis ene-pancreatitis iba ngenxa yokungondleki. Lesi sifo sihambisana nokuvuvukala kolwelwesi lwe-mucous lwekholoni. Izimpawu: Ubuhlungu obuzwayo, igesi ekhuphukayo, ukuqhuma esiswini. Ezindondweni kukhona ukuhlanganiswa kwegazi. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ukuvuvukala kwamanyikwe kungavusa i-colitis, kuthi okuphambene nalokho, i-colitis iholele ku-pancreatitis.
Imiphumela yanoma iluphi uhlobo lwalesi sifo: i-baldness (ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezakhi zomzimba), i-pancreatic necrosis, i-phlegmon ye-pancgic, i-pancreatic fistula, ukopha emgodini we-gastrointestinal.
Ukwelashwa kwe-pancreatitis kuye ngesigaba
Udokotela we-pancreatologist angancoma ukwelashwa okulondoloziwe noma okuhlinzwa uma isiguli sihlasela kakhulu ukuvuvukala kwepancreatic. Lapho imbangela yokwanda ukuvuvukala inyongo, udokotela angancoma cholecestomy - resection of gallbladder.
Ukuvuvukala gallbladder kuvame ukuholela ezinkingeni pancreas. Lapho lesi sitho sisuswa ngokuhlinzwa, izimpawu ze-pancreatitis ziyaqedwa.
Inkomba ephelele yokuhlinzwa yi-pancreatic necrosis. Ukukhethwa kwendlela yokuhlinza kuya ngesimo sesiguli, uhlobo lomtholampilo lwe-pathology. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda semvelo ye-aseptic ye-pancreatic necrosis, i-laparotomy ayikaze yenziwa, ngoba kunengozi enkulu yokutheleleka kwezitho zomzimba, ukuthuthukiswa kokopha kwe-intraperitoneal.
I-Laparotomy iyindlela yesimanje yokwelashwa eyenziwa kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:
- Ama-cysts athelelekile kanye nama-pseudocysts.
- I-fiber ye-Phlegmon retroperitoneal fiber.
- I-Peritonitis
- I-Abscess.
Ngemuva kokungenelela, isiguli sisendaweni yokunakekelwa okujulile isikhathi esithile, bese sidluliselwa emnyangweni wokuhlinzwa. Isiguli silala esibhedlela isikhathi esingangenyanga, lapho sithola ukwelashwa okufanele. Esikhathini esizayo, kufanele ulandele ukudla.
Ukwelashwa kwe-pancreatitis engapheli kuhloselwe ukwelula isigaba sokuxolelwa, ngokulandelana, ukuvimbela ukwanda okungenzeka. Ukuthatha umuthi ngokumelene nesizinda sesifo kusiza ukuqeda izinkinga ezahlukahlukene:
- Ukwelashwa kwezinhlungu. Ukuqeda izinhlungu, isiguli sinikezwa amaphilisi weNo-shpa, uPapaverine. Awungeke usebenzise i-Aspirin, i-Nise nezinye izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala, ngoba zinomthelela ekunciphiseni kwegazi, zicasule mucosa wesisu;
- I-Polysorb ibekelwe i-pancreatitis - i-enterosorbent ehlanganisa izingxenye ezinobuthi emzimbeni futhi izisuse;
- Cindezela ukucasha kwe-pancreatic. I-Proton inhibitors asetshenzisiwe isetshenziswa - i-Omez, Contrical;
- Ukwelashwa kokuthatha indawo kufaka ukwehlisa umthwalo kumanyikwe. Basebenzisa izidakamizwa ezine-enzymes yokugaya - iFestal, iMezim, iPancreon, iPancreasim;
- Ama-antibiotic anconyelwa kuphela lapho kukhona ukutheleleka ngegciwane. Beka i-Amoxiclav, i-Ampiok;
- Uma kwenzeka kuphazamiseka amanzi ne-electrolyte ibhalansi, ukwelashwa okufakwa esikhundleni nge-saline kanye nezixazululo zomzimba kuyadingeka.
Iziguli ezinesifo esingamahlalakhona sesifo ngesikhathi sokuxolelwa zidinga ukulandela isidlo. Ama-lipids akhawulelwe kumenyu, futhi ukudla okuvikelwe ngamaprotheni kufakiwe ekudleni. Ukudla okunezipayisi nokunamafutha, iziphuzo ezinotshwala, ikhofi, i-fiber coarse, ushukela kanye ne-confectionery akuvunyelwe.
Isazi sevidiyo esikulesi sihloko sizokhuluma nge-pancreatitis.
