Isisindo somuntu sincike ezintweni eziningi, eziyinhloko ukuthi zingakanani ubudala, ukuba khona kwezifo ezingamahlalakhona emzimbeni, izimo zokusebenza, uhlobo lokudla okunempilo nokunye.
Kuyo yonke le minyaka, lesi sibalo kufanele sikhuphuke, kodwa hhayi kakhulu.
Ososayensi baxwayisa ukuthi ngemuva kweminyaka engama-45, isisindo somzimba kufanele uhlale uzinzile, okungukuthi, ugcinwe ezingeni elifanele mayelana nezimpawu zobudala.
Ngakho-ke, ukwehla okubukhali kwesisindo (ngaphezu kwama-5-6 kg ngenyanga) ngaphandle kokushintsha izindlela zokudla eziyisisekelo nendlela yokuphila kuthathwa ngochwepheshe njengophawu lwe-pathological kwanoma yikuphi ukugula. Ikakhulu, isifo sikashukela singaba imbangela yokuphazamiseka okunjalo.
Ngoshukela ukhuluphele noma wehlise isisindo?
Kungani ezinye iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zehlisa kakhulu isisindo, kanti ezinye, kunalokho, zisheshe zithole isisindo futhi zithwele ukukhuluphala? Konke kukhulunywa ngama-pathogenesis ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zesifo.
Njengomthetho, abantu abanohlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela, abangakhiqizi i-insulin, baqala "ukuncibilika" ngemuva kokuvela kwezimpawu zokuqala zalesi sifo.
Ngohlobo 1 sikashukela, inani elanele le-insulin (i-hormone elahla ushukela) icasisa ukubulawa kwamandla kwezicubu, ngenxa yalokho baqala ukubheka enye indawo emthonjeni wabo ojwayelekile wamandla ukuze basebenze.
Kulokhu, i-gluconeogenesis iyenziwa isebenze, okungukuthi, ingxube ye-glucose kwezicubu ezivela ezingxenyeni ezingezona ze-carbohydrate, okuthi izicubu namafutha zibe ngempumelelo. Baqala ukushisa phambi kwamehlo ethu. Kodwa ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-insulin, i-glucose etholakele ayingeni emangqamuzaneni omzimba, kodwa inyuka kuphela egazini. Ngenxa yalokhu, isimo sesifo sikashukela siyaqhubeka siba sibi, futhi isisindo sincipha.
Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zivame ukukhuluphala.
Banciphisa isisindo esivele esiteji lapho kudalwa khona izinkinga ezinzima noma ngomuthi okhethwe ngendlela engafanele.
Njengoba wazi, kubantu abanjalo i-pancreas yakha insulin ngokujwayelekile, amaseli womzimba kuphela ahlala amelana nayo, futhi, ngokufanele, angathathi ushukela. Lokhu kuholela ekwandeni kashukela wegazi, ukunqwabelana kwama-lipid conglomerates kanye nokuthola isisindo ngenxa yezakhi zomzimba ze-lipid.
Izizathu ezinkulu zokuthi kungani isifo sikashukela sehla isisindo
I-diabetes mellitus ezigulini ibonakaliswa yizimpawu eziningi ze-pathological, ikakhulukazi, ukukhula komile kakhulu, ukukhuphuka kwesifiso sokuchama, isimo esibuthakathaka, ukubukeka kwesikhumba esomile kanye ne-paresthesias, okungukuthi, ukugwaza noma ukushisa emilenzeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sifo sithinta isisindo somuntu esiqala ngokuqinile futhi, kungabonakala sengathi, asinanjongo yokunciphisa isisindo.
Kwesinye isikhathi lokhu kwehla kwesisindo kungafinyelela kuma-20 kg ngenyanga ngaphandle kokuzivocavoca umzimba kanye nezinguquko ekudleni. Kungani abantu abanesifo sikashukela behla emzimbeni? Ukwehla kwesisindo okungazelelwe kuvame kakhulu ezigulini ezihlushwa uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela esincike kakhulu.
Ezigulini ezinjalo, i-pancreatic gland iyenqaba ukukhiqiza inani elanele le-insulin ye-hormone, elawula i-glucose metabolism. Kulokhu, umzimba womuntu uqala ukubheka eminye imithombo yamandla ukuze uqhubeke nemisebenzi yawo ebalulekile, uyisuse emafutheni amanoni nezicubu zemisipha.
Izinqubo ezinjalo ziholela ekwehleni okubukhali kwesisindo ngenxa yokwehla kwezicubu zomzimba nezamafutha.
Esikhathini sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili, i-insulin emzimbeni womuntu yenziwa, kepha ayibonwa ngamangqamuzana esibindi, ngakho-ke umzimba uhlangabezana nokuswelakala okubukhali kwe-glucose bese uqala ukudonsa amandla kweminye imithombo.
Ukwehla kwesisindo nalesi simo akusheshe njengoba kwenzeka esimweni sikashukela sohlobo 1.
Ukwehla kwesisindo okukhulu njengophawu lwezinkinga zesifo sikashukela
Ukwehla kwesisindo esinamandla sikashukela kuwuphawu lokuthuthuka kwezindlela zalo ezibolile, ezihambisana nokushintshwa kwe-pathological ekusebenzeni kwezitho zangaphakathi, okuholela ekukhathaleni okujwayelekile kanye nokuwohloka okukhulu enhlalakahleni yomuntu ogulayo.
Izinguquko ezinjalo emzimbeni wesiguli zibonisa ukuthi akasakwazi ukulawula izinqubo ze-metabolic ngaphandle kosizo lwangaphandle, ngakho-ke, udinga ukulungiswa okwengeziwe.
Ukwehla kwesisindo esinamandla kuwumphumela wamandla okulamba kwezicubu zomzimba, okuholela ekuphazamisweni okukhulu kwesilinganiso se-metabolic. At iziguli ezinjalo kunokusilela okubucayi kwamaprotheni egazi, i-ketoacidosis kanye ne-anemia. Zizwa njalo ukoma okuhambisana nokwenyuka kwamazinga kashukela.
Iyiphi ingozi yokulahlekelwa isisindo esisheshayo kumuntu?
Ukwehla kwesisindo okuxakayo kuyinqubo eyingozi enkulu eholela ekuphazamisweni ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile komzimba, ukubekelwa amandla kwezinhlelo ze-enzymatic kanye ne-metabolism.
Phakathi kwezingozi ezinkulu zokuncipha kwesisindo ngokushesha, odokotela bahlukanisa amaphuzu alandelayo:
- ukungasebenzi kwesibindi ngenxa yokwehla kokulawulwa kwamaseli wamafutha, aqala ukubhidliza ngokushesha kakhulu ukubuyisa ukusilela kwamandla;
- ukuncipha kokusebenza kohlelo lokugaya ukudla, ikakhulukazi, amanyikwe, isigaxa senyongo, isisu namathumbu;
- ukudakwa okujwayelekile komzimba okuhambisana nokwehla kwethamo lokujikeleza kwegazi nokuqongelelwa kobuthi kuyo - imikhiqizo yomsebenzi obalulekile wamaseli omzimba womuntu;
- i-atrophy yezicubu zomzimba, okuwukubonakaliswa kwe-pathological kwenqubo yokulahlekelwa kwesisindo nokuphinda kufakwe inani elilahlekile lezinto zamandla ngenxa yama-myocyte (amaseli emisipha).
Ngabe ngidinga ukuthola isisindo ngesisindo esiphansi?
Abantu abaningi abanesifo sikashukela, abafunda ngemiphumela yokulahlekelwa isisindo ngokuzumayo, bazama ngokushesha ukubuyela kwesisindo sabo sangaphambilini futhi bathole nesisindo.Kodwa ingabe lezo zenzo zivumelekile ngombono wezokwelapha?
Ngokwemvelo, iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela kufanele zilawule isisindo sazo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukusweleka kwayo kuholela ku-cachexia, izifo zezinso nezinso, ukuncipha kombono kanye nokukhula ngokushesha kwesifo sikashukela se-polyneuropathy.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, akufanele uthole amakhilogremu ngokushesha kakhulu, okucebisa ukudla kwakho ngama-carbohydrate. Izenzo ezinjalo zizonyusa kuphela izinga likashukela egazini futhi zenze kube ngcono nesifo sikashukela, zibe nomthelela ekwandeni okusheshayo kwezinkinga zalo.
Yini i-diabetesics yokubuyisela isisindo somzimba?
Isifo sikashukela, ukudla okufanele, okususelwa ekusetshenzisweni ngokulinganayo kokudla kwe-carbohydrate, kuzosiza ukubuyisela isisindo.
Kulokhu, isiguli kufanele silawule ukudla kwayo futhi sinake inkomba ye-glycemic yemikhiqizo yokudla, inikeze okuthandwa kuphela yilapho ephansi.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi uma wehlisa i-GI, ushukela omncane lokhu kudla uzokunika egazini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zidinga ukuqhubeka nokudla okunama-kilojoule amaningi futhi zidle ukudla okukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin, kufaka phakathi ugarlic, uwoyela ongahluziwe, amahlumela eBrussels, uju nobisi lwembuzi.
Uhlu lokudla okuvunyelwe kashukela omningi lubandakanya:
- okusanhlamvu okuphelele (ikakhulukazi okunempilo kwebhali);
- imikhiqizo yobisi yesikhumba;
- ama-legumes, okungukuthi i-lentil, ubhontshisi, ubhontshisi omnyama;
- izithelo nemifino.
Ukuze ube ngcono, kufanele udle kaningi nangezingxenyana ezincane (kufika izikhathi ezi-6 ngosuku). Ama-carbohydrate adinga ukugqokwa ngamanani amancane futhi ngokulinganayo usuku lonke.
Imenyu eyisampula
Imenyu yabanesifo sikashukela ihlukile. Kepha ukudla okunjalo kuyadingeka ukuba balondoloze isisindo nesimo, bathuthukise isimo sabo esivamile, futhi bavikele nokuthuthuka kwezinkinga zesifo.
Ukudla kweziguli ezinesifo sikashukela kungaba ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- ibhulakufesi lokuqala - izithelo nengilazi ye-kefir engenamafutha;
- ibhulakufesi lesibili - iphalishi lebhali ne-bhotela nezithelo ezomile, itiye eliluhlaza kanye ne-bun bun;
- isidlo sasemini - indlebe yezinhlanzi, iphalishi lenyama nge-gravy kusuka kwesibindi senkukhu, i-compote ngaphandle koshukela;
- itiye ntambama - ucezu lwesinkwa rye, itiye;
- isidlo sokuqala - iklabishi elihanjiswa ngamakhowe, i-apula, i-ayran;
- isidlo sesibili - i-cottage shizi casserole, amantongomane ne-kefir.
Izindlela zokupheka eziwusizo
Lapho ulungiselela ukudla kweziguli ezinesifo sikashukela, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kufanele kuqukathe ukudla okunezinga eliphansi le-glycemic elingezonyusa ukugcwala kweglucose egazini.
Isibonelo, kungcono ukufaka esikhundleni sikafulawa kakolweni ngomlingani waso webhali, nesitashi samazambane ngesiga Uma ufuna ngempela ukufaka ibhotela ephalishi, khona-ke ungakwenza, kodwa ngaphandle kokuhlukumezeka, okungukuthi, akukho ngaphezu kwe-15 g.
Imifino ethosiwe
Isitsha esiwusizo kakhulu imifino eboshelwe (iklabishi, isitshalo seqanda neZucchini, pepper yensimbi, notamatisi, anyanisi). Zonke lezi zingxenye kufanele zisikwe ku-cubes bese zibekwa epanini, uthele umhluzi wemifino. Cima ukwakheka oku umphumela cishe kwehora ekushiseni okungekho ngaphezu kwe-160 C.
Odokotela ngokwabo bavame ukutusa isidlo esinjengesobhovu sikabhontshisi kwabanesifo sikashukela. Kulula ukupheka. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuthatha idlanzana kabhontshisi, amakhambi namazambane ambalwa.
Lungisa izithako eziphambili (u-anyanisi namazambane) bese uwathululela ngamalitha amabili womhluzi wemifino. Faka umlilo, ubilise imizuzu engaba ngu-15 bese unezela ubhontshisi, ubilise eminye imizuzu eyi-10. Bese ufafaza isobho ngamakhambi bese uliyeka lime ngaphansi kwesivalo.
Amavidiyo ahlobene
Mayelana nemigomo yokudla ushukela kuvidiyo:
