Bambalwa abantu abazi ukuthi ukugula okufana nesifo sikashukela kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezihluke kakhulu komunye nomunye. Enye yalezi esibizwa ngokuthi yi-renal (usawoti, isodium) sikashukela.
Imbangela enkulu yalesi sifo kubhekwa njengobukhona bokusebenza kwezinso okulimazekile.
Kulesi simo, ama-rebu tubules awasenakho ukuzwela ku-aldosterone yehomoni, ekhiqizwa indlala ye-adrenal. Umphumela wezinkinga emzimbeni ukungasebenzi kahle okukhulu, okuholela ekuphazamiseni izinqubo zokubuyiselwa kwe-sodium. Isifo sikashukela se-renal (saline) yisifo esiyingozi esingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zempilo.
Izinzuzo ze-sodium zomzimba
I-Sodium yinto esetshenziselwa kuyo ukucindezelwa kwe-osmotic kwezicubu nezitho zomzimba.
Le nto yamakhemikhali, kuhlangene ne-potassium, inesibopho sokulingana kwamanzi nosawoti emzimbeni, futhi ibuye futhi ibambe iqhaza ekusebenzeni kwe-cell metabolism.
Ngenxa yokubamba iqhaza kwalesi sakhi, kwenziwa izisulu zezinzwa, ukusebenza kwemisipha nenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi kusebenza. Kungakho, noma kunjalo, ukushoda kwe-sodium emzimbeni akufanele kuvunyelwe, ngoba lokhu kungaholela emiphumeleni engenakuphikwa.
Izimpawu zesifo
Njengoba wazi, indlela evumayo yokuqagela ukuqagela ngokubakhona kwesifo sikashukela sezinso emzimbeni yi-urinalysis, ezokhombisa ukugcwala kwe-sodium. Uma liphezulu kakhulu, khona-ke lokhu kukhombisa ubukhona emzimbeni walesi sifo esiyingozi. Uma usawoti we-sodium edlula evamile izikhathi ezingamashumi amabili, khona-ke umuntu uyagula ngalolu hlobo lwesifo sikashukela.
Lesi sifo asiqhubeki ngokunganakwa, ngakho-ke kudingeka unake izimpawu ezihambisana noshukela wezinso kubantu abadala nasezinganeni:
- isifiso sokudla;
- ukwenqaba ukudla;
- ukunciphisa umzimba ngokushesha;
- ukuqunjelwa;
- ukukhipha ukuphuma komchamo;
- umkhuhlane
- ukuqunjelwa njalo.
Futhi, kaningi lesi sifo sihambisana ne-hyperkalemia, okusho okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-potassium esegazini lomuntu.
Izinhlobo Zesifo Sikashukela Sikasawoti
Lokhu kugula kubonakaliswa ukulahleka okusheshayo kwe-sodium and fluid. Kodwa-ke, izizathu ezidale ukungasebenzi kahle emzimbeni womuntu kungaba yinto ehlukile.Ukugula kungatholakala zombili ngemuva kweminyaka eminingi, futhi kube nakho kusukela ekuzalweni.
Isifo sikashukela sikasawoti we-Congenital renal sisimo esivele ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila.
Kepha lesi sifo esisitholile kwesinye isikhathi sihambisana nenqubo yokuvuvukala okungamahlalakhona eyenzeka ohlelweni lwezinso lwe-pyelocaliceal. Kaningi, lesi sifo singenzeka ngenxa yobuthi obunamakhompiyutha anobuthi.
Izindlela Zokuxilonga
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ukuze kutholakale ubukhona balesi sifo kubantu, kuyadingeka ukuthi kwenziwe i-urinalysis. Kuzosiza ukukhomba okuqukethwe okunyuke kukasawoti we-sodium kuwo, okuzoqinisekisa ukutholakala kwesisulu.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela se-renal kuvezwe ngokuncipha kwesisindo, ukuchama kaningi nokuhlanza.
Masishane ngemuva kokutholwa okungenani kwezimpawu ezihlaselayo ezifakiwe, kubalulekile ukubonana nochwepheshe ngokuphuthumayo ukuze uqinisekise ukutholakala kwezifo futhi unikeze nokwelashwa okufanele.
Ngemuva kokwenziwa kwe-urinalysis, kuyadingeka ukukhetha iqhinga elifanele kakhulu lokwelashwa. Indima enkulu ekukhetheni kwakhe idlalwa yizimpawu nemiphumela yokuhlolwa. Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa okufanele, kubalulekile ukukhipha ubukhona bokwehluleka kwezinso. Futhi, umzimba akufanele ulethwe ezimweni ezinjenge-hypercalcemia ne-hyperkalemia.
Kudingeka isivivinyo esilandelayo:
- isiguli kufanele sibekwe ngaphansi kokuqashwa kukachwepheshe, okufanele kuthathe amahora ayisishiyagalombili kuya kwayishumi nanye. Ngalesi sikhathi, kwenqatshelwe ukudla nokudla okuhlukahlukene;
- ngaphambi kokuqala isivivinyo nangemuva kokuphothulwa, udinga ukuthatha ukuhlolwa komchamo ovela esigulini ukuze uqhathanise imiphumela elandelayo;
- Isinyathelo sokugcina ukuqhathanisa imiphumela.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-MRI ijwayele ukusetshenziswa ukuthola isifo sikashukela sikasawoti.. Ngenxa ye-tomography, i-volumetric neoplasms yesifunda se-hypothalamic-pituitary isuswe ngokuphelele. Uma lokhu kutholwa kuqinisekisiwe ngemuva kwazo zonke izifundo, kufanele kunikezwe ukwelashwa okufanele ngokushesha.
I-MRI enye indlela yokuthola isifo sikashukela sezinso
Ukubuyisa okujwayelekile futhi kugcinwe ibhalansi kasawoti wamanzi, isiguli kufanele sinikezwe ukusetshenziswa komthamo omkhulu. Esimweni lapho kubhekwa khona ukuthi isiguli sikhiphe umzimba emzimbeni, kufanele sinikeze ukungeniswa koketshezi nge-dropper.
Uma umuntu enesifo sikashukela sikasawoti sokuzalwa kwakhe, khona-ke ukuvelela kuye akusikududuzi kakhulu. Kepha uma isiguli sihlangabezana nefomu lesifo elitholile, khona-ke imvamisa lokhu akuphazamisi impilo yakhe ejwayelekile nejwayelekile.
Ukuphela kwezimo ezisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa yilezi zemithi elandelayo:
- ukonga nokuphinda wenze kabusha izindawo ezikhona ze-glycogen;
- ukudla ukudla okuphezulu kuma-carbohydrate.
Kwezinye izimo, lapho imbangela yesifo sikashukela sezinso ibucayi obunzima kanye ne-pathologies yesistimu yezinzwa yomuntu, kanye nobuthi obunobuthi, izimpawu zingaqedwa ngosizo lwemithi ekhethekile.
Izinkinga
I-pathogenesis yesifo sikashukela sezinso ukugcotshwa kwe-sodium kusuka emzimbeni, okuphumela ekushoneni kwayo okukhulu. Kepha ukwephulwa kokusebenza okujwayelekile kwezinso kungaholela nakwezinye izifo eziyingozi futhi eziyingozi ngokulinganayo.
Ekwehlulekeni kwezinso, umuntu angahlangabezana nokwephulwa kokuxhumana kwemithambo yegazi, ngenxa yalokho ukunikezwa kwegazi ezithweni nasezinsizakalweni kuphazamiseka. Lokhu kungaholela ku-pathology eyingozi efana nesifo sikashukela se-nephropathy.
Izimpawu ze-nephropathy zesifo sikashukela yilezi:
- ukwanda okusheshayo kwengcindezi yegazi ngemuva kokwenza izivivinyo zomzimba;
- ukugcwala okukhulu kwamaprotheni kumchamo, okunqunywa ngokuhlaziywa okufanele.
Kukhona futhi kungenzeka kwe-pyelonephritis emzimbeni. Lokhu kugula kuyinto ecashile ukwedlula yonke eminye, ngoba izimpawu zayo zicishe zingabonakali.
Kungatholakala kuphela ngokudlulisela i-urinalysis. Imvamisa, iziguli ezinalesi sifo zingakhala ngokuchama kaningi, umkhuhlane kanye nomkhuhlane. Uma uphuthelwa yilokhu kugula, khona-ke kungasheshe kutholakale ifomu elingamahlalakhona.
Ngakho-ke isifo sikashukela sikasawoti - siyini? Le ndatshana ichaza ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi yikuphi lokhu kugula okungathi sína. Futhi kunciphisa kakhulu ukumelana komzimba ezifweni eziyinkimbinkimbi zezifo namagciwane.
Lolu hlobo lwesifo sikashukela luwumphumela we-jade.
Ngakho-ke, uma okungenani eyodwa yezimpawu itholwe kungazelelwe, kufanele uthinte uchwepheshe ofanelekile.
Ukwelashwa kufanele kuqalwe kusenesikhathi, ngoba okuwukuphela kwendlela yokugwema ukuxinana okuyingozi kakhulu kwe-pyelonephritis okubizwa ngokuthi ushukela kasawoti.
Ukwelashwa kwezifo
Njengoba isifo sikashukela sezinso siyisifo esibonakaliswa ukungakwazi kwezitho zokuphuma ukuhlunga usawoti nokukhetha usawoti we-sodium, kuyadingeka ukunikeza umzimba inani elanele lale nto engenakuphikwa.
Lokhu kuzomsiza ukuthi asebenze ngendlela ejwayelekile. Ukwelashwa ngokuqondile kuya ngohlobo lokugula.
Uma isiguli sihlala naye kusukela azalwa, khona-ke indlela efanelekile yokwelapha ukwethulwa kwenani elilinganayo le-sodium emzimbeni. Le ndlela ingeyomuntu ngamunye, ngakho-ke kufanele ihlolwe njalo.
Uma isiguli sinenkinga yokuthola ushukela kasawoti, khona-ke ngaphezu kokufaka i-sodium emzimbeni, udokotela kufanele anake ukwelashwa kwesifo esikhona, okuholele kulokhu kutholwa.
Amavidiyo ahlobene
Ukuxoxisana ngevidiyo ngesihloko esithi "I-Renal ushukela sikashukela insipidus" nodokotela wesayensi yezokwelapha:
Isifo ngasinye sidinga ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kuzo zonke izinhlobo zesifo sikashukela. Kubalulekile ukunaka kakhulu izimpawu zesifo sikashukela sezinso kubantu abadala. Uma uthola izimpawu zokuqala zokugula, kufanele uthintane nochwepheshe ngokushesha. Uma ukutholwa kuqinisekisiwe, kuyaphuthuma ukuqala kokwelashwa.
Ukugwema ukubonakala kwalesi sifo esingathandeki, okungaholela ekwakhiweni kwezinkinga emzimbeni, kufanele unake noma yiziphi izimpawu ezenzekile. Kepha akunasidingo sokuthi udinga ukuzindla ukuze ungalimazi impilo yakho. Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa, kufanele uqinisekise ukutholakala kwesifo, bese ubheka kuphela indlela efanelekile yokuqeda lesi sifo.
