Ngokusho kwezifundo zomtholampilo, izinkomba ze-glucose kubantu besifazane ngesikhathi sokuzala ingane ezimweni eziningi zedlula imingcele evunyelwe kuze kube likhulu. Isimo esifanayo sihlotshaniswa nokushintshwa kwama-hormonal kwesimo salesi sikhathi. Uyini umkhuba ushukela wegazi kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, ukuthi ungayihlola kanjani nokuthi yini edingekayo ukulungisa izinkomba, okuxoxwe ngazo ngezansi.
Izinombolo ezivumelekile
Isimo soshukela wegazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa asihambelani kancane ezindinganisweni ezamukelwa ngokuvamile. Amanani anconyiwe (ku-mmol / l):
- ngaphambi kokungena kokudla emzimbeni - hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-4.9;
- Imizuzu engama-60 ngemuva kokudla - akukho okuphezulu kune-6.9;
- Ngemuva kwemizuzu lengu-120 udliwe - akukho lokungetulu kwa-6.2.
Ushukela ojwayelekile ngesikhathi kuthuthukiswa isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa (mmol / l):
- esiswini esingenalutho - hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-5.3;
- Imizuzu engama-60 ngemuva kokudla - hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-7.7;
- Ngemuva kwemizuzu lengu-120 udliwe - akukho lokungetulu kwa-6.7.
Izinga le-glycosylated hemoglobin (isilinganiso ushukela wekota yokugcina) akufanele lidlule i-6.5%.
Izinga le-glycemia lingahlukahluka kuzo zombili izinkomba. Ngamanani ancishisiwe, bakhuluma nge-hypoglycemia. Lokhu kuyingozi hhayi kumama kuphela, kodwa nakumntwana ongatholi inani elifanele lemithombo yamandla.
I-glucose - into edingekayo ukuhlinzeka umzimba ngamandla
Izinombolo eziphakeme zibonisa i-hyperglycemia. Kungenzeka ihlotshaniswe nesifo sikashukela, esiqale ngisho nangaphambi kokukhulelwa kwengane, noma ngesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa. Ifomu lesibili livamile kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Njengomthetho, ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane, izinkomba ze-glucose zibuyela emikhawulweni eyamukelekayo.
Kungani ushukela uqamba phezulu?
I-Glycemia inyuka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngenxa yokulahleka kwamandla omzimba wokuqamba inani elidingekayo le-insulin (i-pancreatic hormone). Le nto esebenza ngama-hormone iyadingeka ekusatshalisweni kweshukela elifanele, ukungena kwayo kumaseli nezicubu. Ngaphandle kwe-insulin eyanele, izibalo zikashukela emzimbeni ziyanda.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-hyperglycemia ibangelwa ama-hormone e-placental ayimpawu yokukhulelwa. Isiphikisi esikhulu se-insulin sibhekwa njenge-placental somatomammotropin. Le hormone ifana ne-hormone yokukhula, ithatha ingxenye ebonakalayo ezinqubweni ze-metabolism yomama, futhi ikhuthaza ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto zeprotheni. ISomatomammotropin isiza ingane ukuthola ushukela owanele.
Izici zobungozi
Imvamisa, izinga le-glycemia likhuphuka liqhathaniswa nalezi zinto ezilandelayo ezinegalelo:
- isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kokuqala;
- umlando wokuphuphuma kwesisu;
- ukuzalwa kwezingane ngama-macrosomia (isisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu amane);
- isisindo somzimba we-pathological;
- isakhi sofuzo;
- ukuba khona kwe-preeclampia (ukuvela kwamaprotheni emchameni) esikhathini esedlule;
- i-polyhydramnios;
- iminyaka yowesifazane ingaphezu kweminyaka engama-30.
I-Endocrinologist - uchwepheshe ozosiza ukugcina izinga le-glycemia lingaphakathi ebangeni elivunyelwe
Kungani i-glucose ijwayelekile?
Izinga likashukela wegazi kufanele ligcinwe kuso sonke isikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngoba kubalulekile ukuvimbela ubungozi bokukhipha isisu okuzenzakalelayo, ukunciphisa amathuba okulethwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, futhi kuvikele nokuvela kokuvela kokungazalwa nezici ezinganeni.
Ukulawulwa kwe-glucose kuzosiza ukugcina ukuphakama kwesisindo sengane ngaphakathi komkhawulo owamukelekayo, ukuvimbela ukubonakala kwama-macrosomia, futhi kuvikele futhi umama kwizinkinga ezahlukahlukene engxenyeni yesibili yokukhulelwa.
Uma owesifazane ene-hyperglycemia, ingane ingazalwa inamanani aphezulu e-insulin emzimbeni. Lokhu kwenzeka ngesimo sokuphendula okunamandla okuvela kumanyikwe. Ngenqubo yokukhula, ukuthambekela kwezimo ze-hypoglycemic kungenzeka.
Ungafunda kabanzi ngokujwayelekile koshukela wegazi ezinganeni kusuka kule ndatshana.
Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa kanye nokuvela kwayo
Ekuqaleni, lesi sifo singama-asymptomatic, futhi lona wesifazane ubona izinguquko ezincane njengezinqubo zomzimba, ezihlanganisa nendawo yakhe "ethokozisayo".
I-Pathology iba ngemuva kwesonto lama-20 lokukhulelwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuqalwa okuphezulu kohlelo lwe-hypothalamic-pituitary kanye nokukhiqizwa kwama-hormone e-adrenal. Zibuye futhi zithathwe njengezitha zomqondo wezinto ezisebenzayo zama-pancreas.
Ngomfanekiso ocacile wemitholampilo, iziguli zikhononda ngalokhu kuboniswa okulandelayo:
Yini ushukela wegazi ojwayelekile- isifiso sokuphuza njalo;
- ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla;
- ukwanda kwenani lomchamo obunjwe;
- isikhumba esikhanyayo;
- ukukhuluphala ngokweqile;
- ukungaboni kahle
- ukukhathala okukhulu.
Umphumela we-hyperglycemia enganeni
Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa asibangeli ukungalingani kahle esibelethweni, njengoba kujwayelekile ngohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sokuqala, ngoba ukwakheka kwezitho nezinhlelo kwenzeka ku-trimester yokuqala, kanye nokuvela kwezindlela zokuthinta kwe-pathology kusuka ngeviki lama-20 kuye kwelama-24.
Ukuntuleka kokulungiswa kweglucose kungaholela ku-fetopathy yesifo sikashukela. Lesi sifo sibonisa ukwephulwa kwamanyikwe, izinso nemithambo yegazi enganeni. Ingane enjalo izalwa inesisindo esikhulu somzimba (kuze kufike ku-6 kg), isikhumba sayo sine-red-burgundy hue, kuthi ukuvela kwesisu kubonakale.
Izingane zeMacrosomia zihluke kakhulu ezinsaneni ezinempilo.
Isikhumba sinambitheke kakhulu ngamafutha amhlophe, avuvukala. Ekuhlolweni, usayizi omkhulu wesisu, imilenze emifushane ibonakala ngokucacile. Ingane ingaba nengcindezi yokuphefumula ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-survilant (into ebhekene nokuqinisekisa ukuthi i-alveoli esemaphashini ayinamatheki ndawonye.
Izinkinga ezinjalo zingavinjelwa ngokulungisa indices ze-glycemic emzimbeni womama ngokwelashwa nokudla nemithi (imvamisa i-insulin).
Izindlela Zokulawula Ukukhulelwa Glycemia
Izibalo zegazi ze-capillary, i-biochemistry kanye nokuhlolwa kweglucose kubhekwa njengezifundo ezijwayelekile.
Igazi lithathwa emunweni ngokuya ngemithetho evunyelwe njalo. Owesifazane uyinikeza ekuseni ngaphambi kokungena emzimbeni. Awukwazi ukuxubha amazinyo akho nge-paste, ngoba ingaba noshukela kuyo, futhi usebenzise itshungama. Isimo soshukela wegazi kwabesifazane abakhulelwe sikhonjisiwe ngenhla.
Ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela i-glucose kwenziwa ezimweni lapho ukusebenza kokuhlaziya okwedlule kungaphezu kwemingcele evunyelwe. Kodwa-ke, muva nje kunqunywe ukuthi kunikezwe le ndlela yokuxilonga kubo bonke abesifazane abakhulelwe lapho sebefike emavikini angama-24- 25.
Ukuhlolwa akudingi ukulungiswa okukhethekile. Emahoreni angama-48 ngaphambi kokuthatha impahla, owesifazane kufanele aziphathe ngokwemvelo, asikho isidingo sokwehlisa inani lama-carbohydrate ekudleni. Ekuseni udinga ukwenqaba ibhulakufesi, itiye, ungaphuza kuphela amanzi.
Elebhu, kuthathwa igazi noma imithambo. Ngokulandelayo, owesifazane okhulelwe uphuza isixazululo esikhethekile esimnandi esuselwa ku-glucose powder. Ngemuva kwamahora ama-2, kwenziwa isampula eyengeziwe yegazi, ngendlela efanayo neyokuqala. Ngesikhathi sokulinda, isifundo akufanele sidle noma siphuze noma yini ngaphandle kwamanzi. Ukuchaza imiphumela etafuleni.
Ukuthola imiphumela ye-PHT kwabesifazane abakhulelwe abanempilo nangokulwa nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa
Olunye ucwaningo olubalulekile i-urinalysis ukuthola i-glucosuria. Umchamo wokuqala ekuseni awudingi ukuqoqwa, uthululwa. Izinqubo ezilandelayo zokuchama kufanele zihambisane nokuqoqwa kokuhlaziywa esitsheni esikhulu esisodwa, esigcinwe endaweni epholile. Ngakusasa ekuseni, hlikihla isitsha bese uthela umchamo ongango-200 ml esitsheni esihlukile. Hambisa elabhoratri amahora ama-2.
Imiphumela yamanga
Kunezimo zemiphumela emihle yamanga lapho owesifazane engaguli, kepha ngasizathu simbe, izinkomba zakhe ze-glycemia zingaphezu kwemingcele evunyelwe, njengoba kukhonjisiwe emiphumeleni yokuhlaziya. Lokhu kungahle kube ngenxa yemibandela elandelayo:
- izimo ezicindezelayo - abesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa bathinta kakhulu ngokomzwelo futhi bangaphansi kwethonya elinjalo;
- ukutheleleka kwakamuva kwesimo esithathelwanayo;
- Ukwephulwa kwemithetho yokuthatha izivivinyo - owesifazane okhulelwe angadla okuthile noma aphuze itiye ngaphambi kokuthatha lokho, ekholelwa ukuthi "ngeke kulimaze okuncane."
Ukulungiswa Ushukela
Uhlobo luni lokudla okufanele lulandelwe, isisindo esingakanani esivunyelwe ukuzuza, ukuthi uzilawula kanjani ngokuzimela izinga le-glycemia - ngemibuzo enjalo, owesifazane okhulelwe angaxhumana ne-obstetrician-gynecologist noma i-endocrinologist.
I-Dietotherapy - isigaba sokulungiswa kwe-glycemia
Izincomo ezijwayelekile zehla ngamaphuzu alandelayo:
- yidla kaningi, kepha ngezingxenye ezincane;
- yenqaba okuthosiwe, usawoti, ukubhema;
- ukudla komusi, isitshulu, ukubhaka;
- faka inani elanele lenyama, inhlanzi, imifino nezithelo, okusanhlamvu (ngesincomo sikadokotela);
- ngokuqokwa - ukwelashwa kwe-insulin;
- ukusebenza ngokomzimba okwanele, okwandisa ukuzwela kwamangqamuzana omzimba ku-insulin.
Ukuqapha njalo kwe-glycemia kanye nokubambelela eselulekweni sesazi kuzosiza ukugcina ushukela ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo eyamukelekayo futhi kunciphise nengozi yezinkinga ezivela kumama nengane.
