Iningi labesilisa alizithathi ngokungathi sína isimo sezempilo, liveza iqiniso lokuthi "lizodlula lodwa." Lesi ngesinye sezici ezihola phambili ezinkingeni ngemithambo yegazi, inhliziyo, i-endocrine. Uvivinyo lonyaka lokuvimbela lwalungelona ize. Zisho ukuhlolwa okuphelele komzimba ukuze kutholakale lesi sifo emabangeni okuqala.
Ukubona izinga likashukela wegazi kuyiphuzu elibalulekile ekuhlolweni komtholampilo, ngoba isimo esengeziwe sezitho nezinhlelo sincike izinkomba ze-glycemia. Okulandelayo yingxoxo yezinga ejwayelekile kashukela wegazi emadodeni, kungani kubalulekile ukuyigcina ingaphansi kokulawulwa, nokuthi kuboniswa kanjani ukuphambuka okuvela ezinombolweni ezamukelekayo.
Ukusebenza okujwayelekile
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi inani loshukela wegazi emadodeni nakwabesifazane liyalingana. Ezinganeni, izinombolo ziphansi kancane, kepha njengoba iminyaka yobudala, kunalokho, okujwayelekile kukhuphukela phezulu. Ithebula elingezansi libonisa okuqukethwe ushukela wegazi ngeminyaka (ngo-mmol / l).
| Iqembu Leminyaka (iminyaka) | Okuvunyelwe | Ubukhulu obuvumelekile |
| Intsha nentsha engaphansi kweminyaka eyi-18 | 3,3 | 5,3 |
| 20-50 | 3,33 | 5,55 |
| 50-60 | 3,4 | 5,7 |
| 60-70 | 3,6 | 6,5 |
| 70-80 | 3,6 | 6,9 |
Kuze kube yiminyaka engama-50, inqubo ejwayelekile yeglucose emadodeni ilingana nezibalo ezamukelekayo yintsha. Izinga elingaphezulu kuka-6.8 mmol / L lingakhombisa ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela. Ngaphezulu kwe-7.8 mmol / L - uchwepheshe ucabanga ngokuba khona kwesifo sikashukela.
Njengomthetho, ekukhuleni kukhula uhlobo oluzimele lwe-insulin, okubonakala ngokuthi amangqamuzana omzimba anciphisa ukuzwela kwawo ku-insulin (into esebenza ngama-pancreas).
Kungani isilinganiso soshukela sihamba nobudala?
Ngesigaba ngasinye sokukhula nokuguga, umzimba uba nezinguquko ze-hormonal, okubuye kuthinte ukusebenza kwezitho nezinhlelo. Ngobudala, inani le-insulin elikhiqizwa ama-pancreas liba lincane.
Ubudala - into ethinta umsebenzi wamanyikwe
Kubalulekile! Ushintsho olunjalo aludalwa kuphela yizimo ze-pathological, kodwa futhi nezinqubo zomzimba.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abaphikisi be-insulin, okubandakanya:
- i-glucagon - nayo ihlanganiswe ngamanyikwe, kepha ngohlobo oluhlukile lweseli leziqithi zeLangerhans-Sobolev;
- i-hormone yokukhula yi-hormone yokukhula ekhiqizwa i-anterior pituitary gland;
- i-cortisol yi-"stress" yamahomoni eyenziwe nge-adrenal cortex;
- ama-hormone egilo (i-thyroxine, triiodothyronine);
- i-adrenaline iyi-neurotransmitter ekhiqizwa yi-adrenal medulla.
IGlucose engajwayelekile
Lesi sifo sibizwa nge-hyperglycemia. "I-syndrome", futhi akusona isifo, ngoba ukwanda ushukela wegazi emadodeni kungenzeka ngokumelene nesizinda sezifo ezahlukahlukene.
I-hyperglycemia yesikhashana akuyona ukubonakaliswa kwe-pathology, ayidingi ukuhlinzekwa ngosizo oluqeqeshiwe bese inyamalala ngokwayo. Kwenzeka okuphikisana nesizinda sokudla ngokweqile ngenxa yesifiso sokudla noma i-bulimia amanosa.
I-glucose nayo ingakhuphuka ibhekene nesizinda sezimo ezicindezelayo. Lo mzuzu ubaluleke kakhulu ezweni lesimanje, kokubili ekhaya nasendaweni yokusebenza. Ukuzivocavoca ngokweqile kungenye futhi isici se-hyperglycemia yomzimba.
I-Hyperglycemia - Isifo Soshukela Esiphezulu
Izimbangela zokubonakaliswa kwe-pathological kwe-syndrome yile:
- ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela mellitus 1 no 2;
- ukumelana ne-insulin (umuzwa weglucose ophazamisekile);
- izifo zenhliziyo nezemithambo ezidinga ukungenelela okuphuthumayo (isb., infarction yemisipha yenhliziyo);
- ukuvuvukala kwamanyikwe;
- i-pathology ye-adrenal cortex;
- ukonakala kwezakhi zofuzo nokungajwayelekile;
- izifo zesibindi ezinzima.
Izimpawu
Uma izinga le-glucose egazini liwela umkhawulo owamukelekayo, indoda ingahle ingakuqapheli lokhu, ngoba ezigabeni zokuqala lesi simo asinazo izibonakaliso ezisobala. Ngokwanda ushukela okuqhubekayo, kuba nesifiso sokudla okuningi (ngenkathi umuntu engatholi isisindo), aphuze futhi achame.
Iziguli zikhononda ngokoma kwe-pathological ulwelwesi lwama-mucous nesikhumba, ukuvela kwama-rashes okuhlala njalo kwemvelaphi engaziwa. Lapho umoya ukhishwa, kungatholwa iphunga le-acetone.
I-glycemia ephezulu iyingozi ngoba ngemuva kwenguquko yayo emikhunjini iyakhula, okuholela ekuphazamisekeni kokujikeleza kwezingxenye ezithile zomzimba. Futhi, inani elikhulu le-glucose libhekwa njengobuthi ngenxa yokuqala kwenqubo yokuqothuka kwezinto zesakhiwo samaprotheni, ephula izici zomzimba zamaseli nezicubu, kanye nezinqubo zokuphinda zenziwe kabusha.
Ushukela ophansi
Uma kungekho glucose owanele egazini, futhi i-insulin ikhiqizwa ngamanani anele, isibindi siqala inqubo yokwakhiwa kwe-monosaccharide ezitolo ze-glycogen. Umzimba ophilile unokongiwa okwanele, ngaphezu kwalokho, kuvuselelwa njalo.
Umzimba ogulayo awukwazi ukubhekana nezinkinga ezinjalo. Kufika isikhathi lapho izitolo ze-glycogen ziphelelwa ngamandla. Lapho-ke isimo se-hypoglycemic siyakhula. Kwinsizwa, umkhawulo ophansi weshukela ngu-3.33 mmol / L, kepha i-hypoglycemia imvamisa kuthiwa ngu-2.9 mmol / L noma ngaphansi.
Ukulinganisa ushukela ekhaya kungenye indlela yokuvikela i-hypoglycemia
Kubantu abadala, ushukela wehla ngesikhathi sokuzila, ukusebenzisa kabi utshwala. Izinga libuye lehle kubantu besifo sikashukela besilisa, uma imithetho yokuphuza imithi yephulwa, imvamisa yokudla emzimbeni ayihlonishwa, ngokubhekene nesizinda sokuzivocavoca ngokweqile komzimba.
Izimpawu
Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sokuhlaselwa kwe-hypoglycemia, kuvela izikhalazo ze-cephalgia, isiyezi, ukwazi ukungasebenzi kahle. Ukujuluka ngokweqile, i-tachycardia, ukuthuthumela ezandleni. Umuzwa wesikhumba uphazanyiswa luhlobo lokuxinana, ukudonsa.
Uma usizo lwangesikhathi lungatholakali, kudaleka ukoma. Kusukela kulo mzuzu kukhona kuphela usuku lokuvuselela izinsiza zamandla omzimba futhi uthole umphumela omuhle.
Ungawulawula kanjani ushukela?
Kunezindlela eziningana ongabona ngazo ukuthi izinga le-glycemia emadodeni lijwayelekile. I-Diagnostics ingenziwa elebhu noma ekhaya kusetshenziswa imitha kashukela egazini.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-glucose
Indlela elula futhi eyaziwa kakhulu yokuhlola ecacisa amanani okushukela ashukela. Imithetho yokulungiselela kanye nokuqoqwa kwezinto:
- isikhathi sokudla kokugcina emzimbeni - emahoreni ayi-8 kuya kwayi-12;
- ekuseni ungaphuza kuphela amanzi;
- ungasebenzisi izinyo;
- ungasebenzisi itshungama.
Ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela
Igama lesibili isivivinyo soshukela. I-peculiarity ilele ekuqoqweni kwegazi le-venous ekuseni ngaphambi kokudla. Ngokulandelayo, indoda iphuza amanzi lapho i-glucose powder ihlanjululwe. Umthamo omkhulu ngu-75 g wezinto ezomile.
Ngenhloso yokuxilonga, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kufanele kwenziwe okungenani kanye ngonyaka.
Ngezikhathi ezithile, okungeziwe kuthathwa ngendlela efanayo. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi akufanele ubheme ngesikhathi sonke sokuxilonga. Lokhu kungaholela emiphumeleni yocwaningo engalungile.
Ukuhlolwa kuyadingeka ukuze kucace ukuthi amaseli omzimba abucayi kangakanani i-insulin, ekhishwa iye egazini lapho isemuva komthwalo ushukela.
Ukuhlaziywa akwenziwa ezimweni ezilandelayo:
Izimpawu Zoshukela Oluphansi- izifo ezinzima ze-systemic;
- izinqubo zokuvuvukala;
- izilonda ze-mucosa yamathumbu;
- ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukushaywa unhlangothi;
- ukwelashwa kwe-hormonal;
- ukukhiqizwa okwandayo kwama-hormone egilo;
- i-adrenal gland tumor;
- ukuthatha okokuhlobisa.
Umchamo ushukela
Lokhu kuhlaziya kwenziwa lapho kunqunywa inani elithile likashukela egazini. Ukuqoqa kahle lokhu okuqukethwe, kuyadingeka ukulungiselela isitsha esikhulu esinevolumu efinyelela ku-3 l nesincane (kuze kufike ku-200 ml). Ingxenye yomchamo yasekuseni ayisetshenziswa, izingxenye ezisele zamahora angama-24 ziqoqelwa embizeni enkulu (egcinwe endaweni ebandayo).
Kusetshenziswa imitha
Ekhaya, ungacacisa ukuthi ushukela ungakanani egazini, usebenzisa amadivayisi we-glucometer ephathekayo. Lihlome ngamadivayisi akhethekile wokufakwa umunwe, imichilo yokuhlola ngama-reagents, umzimba nesikrini lapho kuboniswa khona umphumela wokugcina wokuxilonga.
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa imitha, kufanele utadishe ngokucophelela imiyalo esetshenzisiwe
Imithetho yokucacisa i-glycemia:
- Lungiselela idivaysi, faka umucu wokuhlola bese uhlola ukuhambisana kwayo nekhodi evele esikrinini.
- Geza izandla, phatha umunwe ngotshwala. Linda kuze kube yilapho utshwala sebomile ngokuphelele.
- Nge-lancet, yenza ukubethelwa ukuze kuvele ithonsi legazi. Susa udonsi wokuqala ngoboya bekotini.
- I-eye lesibili isetshenziswa endaweni ekhonjisiwe kumugqa wokuhlola.
- Ngemizuzwana engama-40, umphumela uyavela.
Isikhathi sokuqala inqubo kufanele yenziwe nguchwepheshe. Kuzosiza futhi nokuthola ukuthi yisiphi isilinganiso se-glycemic esivamile kubudala besiguli esithile.
Wonke amadoda kumele akhumbule isidingo sokulandela imithetho yempilo enempilo kanye nokudla okunempilo, ukuzivocavoca. Kufanele uyeke imikhuba emibi bese uzibeka umkhawulo esenzweni sezimo ezicindezelayo. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungakhohlwa ukuthi ukugcina izinkomba eziphelele ze-glycemic kuyisihluthulelo sempilo nempilo ende.
