USHUKELA ONXEPHEZELWE FUTHI OBOLILE

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Kuyini ukunxeshezelwa kashukela?

Ukubuyiswa kwalesi sifo kusho ukulinganiselwa okuphezulu kwesilinganiso se-glucose egazini ngenani elijwayelekile futhi kunciphise ezinye izibonakaliso zesifo.

Eqinisweni, inhlala-kahle yomuntu enohlobo olunesinxephezelo sikashukela ayihlukile kuleyo enempilo yabantu. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, ubungozi bokuthola noma yiziphi izinkinga kuleli cala lincane.

Ngokuya ngezinga lesinxephezelo, isifo sikashukela sehlukaniswe izigaba ezi-3:

kunxephezelwe - Zonke izinkomba ze-metabolic zisondele kokujwayelekile ngangokunokwenzeka, ubungozi bokuthola ubunzima obufanayo busezingeni eliphakeme, ikhwalithi yempilo ihlupheka kancane - lolu uhlobo olulula lwezifo;
kuncishisiwe - isigaba esiphakathi nendawo, ukwanda kwezimpawu, ingozi eyandayo yokuthola ubunzima obukhulu kanye nezinkinga ezifika sekwephuzile - inkambo yesifo esilinganiselayo;
kuncishisiwe -ukuphambuka okukhulu kwezinkomba kusuka kokujwayelekile, ingozi enkulu kakhulu yokuthuthukisa zonke izinhlobo zezinkinga, ikhwalithi yempilo ithinteka kakhulu - inkambo enzima yesifo, ukugula okungatheni.

Ngesifo sohlobo lwe-2, njengomthetho, kulula kakhulu ukufeza isinxephezelo esiphakeme, ikakhulukazi ezigabeni zokuqala zokukhula kwalesi sifo, futhi kusigcina isikhathi eside.

Ukuze lokhu, iziguli zidinga ukuhlolwa njalo futhi zithathe izivivinyo ezidingekayo.

Izilinganiso Zokunxeshezelwa

IGlucose noma ushukela wegazi, inani elilinganiswa esiswini esingenalutho, kungenye yezinkomba ezibaluleke kakhulu zenkambo efanelekile yomzimba. Kubantu abanempilo, inkomba isukela ku-3.3-5.5 mmol / L.
Ukuhlolwa kweshukela okuphathelene neglucose kuvame ukwenziwa ngaphakathi kwamahora ama-2 ngemuva kokuba isiguli sithathe isisombululo se-glucose. Ngaphezu kokubonisa izinga lesinxephezelo sikashukela, singasetshenziselwa ukukhomba abantu abanenkinga yokubekezelela ushukela (isimo esibizwa ngokuthi yi-prediabetes state, isigaba esiphakathi phakathi kokujwayelekile nokuqala kwalesi sifo). Ebantwini abaphilile, ayidluli ku-7.7 mmol / L.
Okuqukethwe kwe-glycated (glycolised) hemoglobin kukhonjwe yi-HbA1c futhi kukalwa ngamaphesenti. Ibonisa inani lamamolekyuli e-hemoglobin angene ekuxhumaneni okuzinzile nama-molecule eglucose, ahlobene nayo yonke i-hemoglobin. Ibonisa ushukela wegazi ojwayelekile esikhathini esingangezinyanga ezintathu. Empilweni, yi-3-6%.
IGlucose, noma ushukela okutholwe umchamo, kukhombisa ukuthi lingakanani inani layo egazini eleqa umkhawulo ovumelekile (8.9 mmol / l), lapho izinso zisakwazi ukulihlunga. Imvamisa, glucose womchamo awukhululwa.
I-Cholesterol (sikhuluma nge-cholesterol embi "embi" ephansi) nayo incike ngqo ebukeni besifo sikashukela. Amanani ayo aphezulu ayithinta kabi impilo yemithambo yegazi. Kubantu abaphilile, inani lale nkomba alidluli ku-4 mmol / L.
Triglycerides - Iqembu elikhethekile le-lipids, eliyizingxenye zamandla nesakhiwo somzimba womuntu, libuye lisebenze njengesilinganiso esilinganayo sobunzima bezinkinga zesifo sikashukela. Ebantwini abaphilile, kuyehlukahlukahlukahlukahlukana kobubanzi obuningi, kepha kwabanesifo sikashukela, okuqukethwe kubhekwa njengokungelona eliphakeme kune-1.7 mmol / L.
Inkomba enkulu isebenza njengesibonakaliso sezinombolo soshukela wokukhuluphala, okuthi ezimeni eziningi kuholele isifo sohlobo 2. Ukuyibala, isisindo somzimba (kg) ihlukaniswe yisikwele sokukhula (m). Imvamisa, leli nani akufanele libe ngaphezulu kwama-24-25.
Umfutho wegazi ngokungaqondile sibonisa isigaba sesifo futhi sisetshenziselwa ukuhlola isimo sesiguli ngokuhlangana namanye amapharamitha. Ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela kusithinta ngokungenakonakala isimo semithambo yegazi, ngenxa yalokho, ngokuwohloka kwesinxephezelo, njengomthetho, ingcindezi nayo iyanda. Namuhla, ingcindezi ejwayelekile iyiswa ku-140/90 mm RT. Ubuciko.

Amanani walezi zinkomba, abonakala esigabeni esithile sesinxephezelo, anikezwa etafuleni.

Izinkomba	Ibanga lesinxephezelo
Izinkomba	ushukela onxephezelwe	isifo sikashukela esingaphansi	isifo sikashukela esibolile
Ushukela wegazi ("ukuhlaziywa kwendlala")	4.4-6.1 mmol / L	6.2-7.8 mmol / L	> 7.8 mmol / L
Ushukela wegazi (ukuhlolwa kokukhuthazelela ushukela)	5.5-8 mmol / L	kufika ku-10 mmol / l	> 10 mmol / l
I-Hba1c	<6,5%	6,5-7,5%	>7,5%
Ushukela womchamo	0%	<0,5%	>0,5%
I-Cholesterol	<5.2 mmol / l	5.2-6.5 mmol / L	> 6.5 mmol / l
Triglycerides	<1.7 mmol / l	1.7-2.2 mmol / L	> 2.2 mmol / l
Inkomba yesisindo somzimba samadoda	<25	25-27	>27
Inkomba yesisindo somzimba sabesifazane	<24	24-26	>26
Umfutho wegazi	<140/85 mmHg Ubuciko.	<160/95 mmHg Ubuciko.	> 160/95 mmHg Ubuciko.

* Emithonjeni ehlukene, amanani ezinkomba zetafula angahluka kancane.

Ungakufeza kanjani ukusebenza okuhle?

Imvamisa, ukuvala ngempumelelo isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, kwanele ukuthobela imithetho eminingana maqondana nokudla, indlela yokuphila kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba ngaphandle kokuguqukela ekunakekelweni kwezokwelashwa. Ngezansi kunabanye babo

khipha ngokuphelele ushukela oqukethe ushukela, izinongo, ufulawa (kungafakwanga i-wholemeal), okunamafutha nokudla okunosawoti ekudleni;
ukusetshenziswa kokudla okuthosiwe akwemukeleki kahle, kuyadingeka ukuthi udle izitsha ezibilisiwe noma ezosiweyo noma ezibhakiwe
yidla kaningi futhi izingxenye ezincane;
gcina ibhalansi yama-kilojoule adliwayo futhi adliwayo;
zinike umthwalo ofanele ngokomzimba;
gwema izimo ezicindezelayo;
zama ukungasebenzi ngokweqile, qaphela ukulala nokuphaphama.

Lapho lezi zincomo zinganele ukunxephezela ngokuphelele lesi sifo, iziguli zengezwa eminye imishanguzo enciphisa amazinga kashukela. Lapho lesi sifo siqhubeka, imijovo ye-insulin ingadingeka.

Ngokusobala, iziguli ezinanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela i-mellitus, kanye nabantu abasengozini (abane-glucose yokubekezelela noma ifa elikhulisiwe), kumele bayiqaphele ngokuzimela impilo yabo, bavame ukuthatha izivivinyo ezidingekayo futhi babonane nodokotela wabo.

Ngaphezu kwe-Therapist kanye ne-endocrinologist, kungakuhle ukuvakashela njalo amahhovisi kasenhliziyo, udokotela wamazinyo nodokotela wamazinyo ukuze uvikele noma uthole isikhathi esifanele ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga eziyingozi.

Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukutholakala kwesifo sikashukela sekuphele isikhathi eside kuzwakala njengomusho. Vele, ubeka imingcele eminingana kumuntu ogulayo, kepha-ke, konke lokho kuyenzeka. Ngokubheka ngokuqinile izincomo ezingenhla, ikhwalithi kanye nesikhathi sokuphila kweziguli zihlala zisezingeni eliphakeme njalo.

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