Ushukela womchamo kushukela we-mellitus ungenye yezimpawu ezibonakalayo zalesi sifo se-endocrine. Ngokuvamile, ushukela akufanele unqunywe ku-urinalysis ejwayelekile. Njengoba ifakwa ngokuphelele ekubuyiselweni kabusha ku-rebu tubules futhi ibuyele ekujikelezweni kwe-systemic. Phakathi kodokotela, isimo lapho ushukela kunqunywa khona kumchamo uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-glucosuria.
Ngisho nasezikhathini zasendulo, lapho izipho zempucuko zazingekho, abantu babekwazi ukubona izimo ezithile zelapho. Enye yalezi zimo kwakuyi-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, futhi kunqunywa ukwakheka komchamo wesiguli. Umchamo kwisifo sikashukela i- mellitus saba ukunambitheka okumnandi, obekuphawula ukuba khona kwalesi sifo kubantu. Kulezi zinsuku, odokotela bakhululeka isidingo sokutadisha izakhiwo ze-biology zemvelo, futhi abahlaziyi banamuhla bangabonisa ngokunemba okumangalisayo ukwakheka kwezakhi zemvelo, ikakhulukazi umchamo.
Izimbangela zoshukela emchameni
E-physiology ejwayelekile yokusebenza komzimba womuntu, kwamukelwa ukuthi umchamo uwuhlobo lwe-ultrafiltrate yengxenye yegazi, i.e. i-plasma. Ngokwakheka kwe-biochemical ne-electrolyte, umchamo ne-plasma kunokwakheka okufanayo. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi emsebenzini wohlelo lobuchwepheshe kuyisiko ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezimbili zomchamo: eyokuqala neyesekondari.
Umchamo oyinhloko
Inokwakheka okufana ne-plasma, ngaphandle kwamaprotheni angenakudlula lapho kusebenza khona izinso. Kumchamo oyinhloko, ukuhlangana kwe-glucose kuhambelana nokuxineka kwe-glucose egazini. Kamuva, kusuka kumchamo oyinhloko ohlelweni lwe-renal tubules, kukhona ngokuphelele ukubuyiselwa kwe-glucose, uma kungamanani omzimba womzimba.
Umchamo wesibili
Ungumchamo oyisisekelo ohlanganisiwe, okuphuma kuwo cishe wonke ama-ion we-sodium, potassium ne-chlorine, kanye noshukela. Inani lomchamo wesibili lihambisana nezinga lamanzi aphuzwa phakathi nosuku.
Lo mkhawulo ungahluka ngaphakathi kwamayunithi ama-1-2 kumuntu ngamunye. Umbundu wezinso uhambelana ne-6-7% ye-glycosylated hemoglobin yegazi lesiguli esinesifo sikashukela i-mellitus, esivumela ukuthi sikhombise isithombe somtholampilo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezedlule. Ushukela we-urine ohlobo lwe-2 mellitus yesifo sikashukela unqunywa kakade ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo, kuyilapho kungasenaso isithombe esicacile somtholampilo sokuphazamiseka kwesiguli kwe-endocrinological and metabolic.
Uma izinga likashukela liphakeme egazini, khona-ke lingavela nomchamo.Izici zomchamo
Ukugcwala okukhulu kwe-glucose kumchamo kwandisa umfutho we-osmotic emchameni, okuholela ekususweni ngokweqile kwamanzi emzimbeni. Ngalesi sizathu, enye yezimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 ukuchama kaningi - i-polyuria. Ngenxa yesifo sikashukela, umchamo uya ngokuya ugxile, ngoba Kanye noshukela, inani elikhulu lamanzi likhishwa emzimbeni. Uhlelo lokuchama kubantu abanesifo sikashukela luhlose ukunxephezela i-hyperglycemia - ushukela wegazi ophezulu.
Umchamo Ushukela
Ungalinganisa kanjani ushukela wegaziLapho udlula ekuhlolweni komchamo ojwayelekile, ushukela ojwayelekile akufanele unqunywe nhlobo, inani lokuncishiswa kwenqolobane ngu-1.5 mmol / L. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma inani lomkhawulo lidluliswa, emiphumeleni yokuhlaziywa kweshukela kumchamo kuzoba okuhle. Ngaphezu kokuxoshwa ngokuqondile kwe-glucose kumchamo wokugcina, kunesinye isisekelo esibalulekile - ubukhulu bomchamo. Ubungako obujwayelekile besihlobo buhlukahluka kusuka ku-1.011 - 1.025, okubizwa ngokuthi yi-standardostenuria. Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, amandla adonsela phansi aphakeme kune-1,025, futhi ngokuhlanganiswa ne-polyuria ibizwa nge-hyperstenuria.
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ukugcwala kwe-glucose kumchamo ngeke kunikeze idatha ngokuphelele ngesimo sesiguli, ngoba ukwahluka kwamapharamitha kumuntu ngamunye kudala iphutha elikhulu. Ngalesi sizathu, indlela esemqoka ihlala nokuzimisela kwe-glucose egazini le-venous kanye ne-glycosylated hemoglobin ukuthola isifo esinembile.
Kukhona imichilo ekhethekile yokuhlonza ukuthola ngokushesha ushukela wokuchamaUhlobo lwesifo sikashukela
Yize iqiniso lokuthi i-glucose ikhishwa kanye nomchamo waluphi uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela, lesi sici sibonisa kakhulu isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, i.e. kuya nge-insulin, lapho umchamo unquma khona ushukela ophakeme kakhulu.
I-insulin ye-hormone iyadingeka ekuvuseleleni ushukela okujwayelekile, noma kunjalo, kuhlobo lokuqala, ukukhiqizwa kwayo kuncane kakhulu noma kungenzeka kungabikho ngokuphelele, okuholela ekwandeni okukhulu kwengcindezi ye-osmolar ku-plasma kanye ne-glucosuria. Kubalulekile ukucubungula ukuthi lo msubelo onxephezelayo kashukela ovela egazini kanye nomchamo uholela ekwandeni kokuphelelwa ngamandla, noma ukomisa komzimba, okuyisici sokucindezela kuwo wonke izicubu nezitho zomzimba.
Ukwelashwa
I-glucosuria yesinxephezelo ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela iyisici esiyingozi sokwenzeka kwezifo ezinso, ngoba izinso kuleli cala zisebenza ngendlela ethuthukisiwe futhi ziguga ngokushesha. Abantu abanesifo sikashukela esinezimpawu ezinjalo kufanele belashwe. Ezigulini ezinohlobo oluthembele nge-insulin yesifo sikashukela, kufanele kunqunywe ukwelashwa kwe-hormone nge-insulin. Ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, ukwelashwa kuqukethe ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela bese kulandela ukudla okuqinile okudla okulinganiselwe kokudla kwe-carbohydrate. Ngezindlela eziphambili zalesi sifo, iziguli kufanele zithole ukwelashwa okusebenzisa izidakamizwa - ama-nephroprotectors.
