I-diabetes mellitus ("isifo esimnandi") yiqembu lezimo ze-pathological lapho izinqubo ze-metabolic ziphazamiseka. Umphumela uba izinombolo zikashukela eziphezulu ezibizwa nge-hyperglycemia. Ngeshwa, lesi sifo asikwazi ukwelapheka ngokuphelele. Iziguli zingathola kuphela isimo sesinxephezelo, lapho zinganciphisa khona ukuqhubeka kwesifo futhi zigcine izinga likashukela egazini lingaphansi kwemingcele eyamukelekayo.
Ukwelapha ukuzivocavoca ngesifo sikashukela kungenye yezindlela zokuthola lesi sinxephezelo. Izinga elanele lomsebenzi womzimba livumela hhayi kuphela ukunciphisa amanani aphezulu we-glucose, kodwa futhi nokukhuthaza ama-pancreas, ukusekela amakhono okusebenza kwezitho zangaphakathi kanye ne-analytez ezibukwayo (yilezi zinhlaka ezithatha "umthelela" wemiphumela ye-hyperglycemia ngokwazo).
Lesi sihloko sidingida izinhloso eziphambili zokwelapha ngokuzivocavoca kwesifo sikashukela, izinkomba kanye nokuphikisana kokuqalwa kokusebenza, kanye nokuzivocavoca okusetshenziselwa ukwelapha.
Okuncane ngalesi sifo uqobo
Ukuzwisisa ukuthi umuntu onesifo sikashukela angathonywa kanjani yisitho somuntu, umuntu kufanele aqonde izimbangela kanye nendlela yokukhula kwesifo uqobo. Kunezindlela eziningana zesifo sikashukela ezibhekwa njengezivame kakhulu phakathi kweziguli.
Uhlobo olu-1
Leli fomu libizwa ngokuthi yi-insulini. Ukonakala kwayo kulele ekutheni ama-pancreas abantu awakwazi ukukhipha inani elidingekayo le-insulin ye-hormone. Umuthi uyadingeka ekuthuthweni kwamangqamuzana kashukela asuka egazini aya emangqamuleni. Njengoba akwanele, amangqamuzana awatholi inani elifanele likashukela, okusho ukuthi ahlushwa ukuntuleka kwamandla (ushukela kubhekwa njengomphakeli ophambili wemithombo yamandla).
Ukuxilongwa okuhlukile kwezinhlobo eziphambili ze-pathology
Ekuqaleni, umzimba uzama ukunxephezela i-pathology, esisula izimpawu zesifo. Ngokukhathala kwezinsizakusebenza, kuvela isithombe esicacile somtholampilo. Ngeshwa, lokhu kwenzeka lapho angaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-85-87 amaseli wezinto ezisetshenziselwa ukufakwa engasakwazi ukusebenza.
2 uhlobo
Leli fomu libizwa ngokuthi yi-insulin-Independent. Ama-pancreas ahlanganisa inani elanele le-hormone (ekuqaleni nangaphezu kokudingekile), kepha ushukela usalokhu usegazini, futhi awungene emangqamuzaneni. Isizathu ukulahleka kokuzwela kwamaseli nezicubu zomzimba esenzweni se-insulin.
Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi yi-insulin ukumelana. Kwenzeka ngokungafani nesizinda sendabuko yelifa, kepha ukungondleki, indlela yokuphila engasebenzi, kanye nesisindo somuntu kube yizindlela zokuphamba.
Ukwelashwa kufaka ukusetshenziswa kwamathebhulethi anciphisa ushukela ahlanganiswe nokudla nomsebenzi owanele womzimba.
Ifomu lokuphaka
Lolu hlobo lwesifo luhlukile kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Indlela yokukhula kwalesi sifo ifana nohlobo lwe-2 mellitus yesifo sikashukela, kodwa-ke, hhayi lezi zinto ezingenhla kuphela ezibamba iqhaza, kepha futhi nokushintsha kwesizinda se-hormonal emzimbeni wowesifazane okhulelwe.
Kubalulekile! Lesi sifo siyanyamalala ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane. Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-pathology ingaguqukela kwisifo sikashukela esinga-insulin.
Izici zokwelapha ngokuzivocavoca
Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kuyinkimbinkimbi yokuzivocavoca, ukuqaliswa kwayo okuhlose ukwelapha nokubuyisela iziguli, kanye nokuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezimo ze-pathological. Ukuze wenze izivivinyo zisebenze kakhulu, ochwepheshe abagcini ngokuthuthukisa uhlobo lwekhambi lokuzivocavoca lesimo esithile sasemtholampilo, kodwa futhi baphendukela kulezi zindlela ezilandelayo:
- asize isiguli ukuba sizethembe ngamakhono abo namandla abo;
- yakha isimo sengqondo sokuqaphela isiguli ngemisebenzi ebonakalayo ayinikezwe yona;
- vusa isifiso sokuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo emsethweni wokuzivocavoca.
I-Regencyitologist - udokotela oqeqeshiwe ngokukhethekile owakha uhlelo lokwelashwa, ukuvuselela noma uhlelo lokuvikela iziguli
Ukwelapha ukuzivocavoca kwesifo sikashukela kumele kuhlanganiswe nokulungiswa kwemenyu eyodwa. Ngohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela, lokhu kusiza ukwandisa ukuzwela kwezicubu ezixakile esenzweni se-hormone, ukulwa nesisindo somzimba esiphakeme.
Ngokwesifo sohlobo 1, izinto zihlukile kancane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukusebenza komzimba ngeke kwehlise i-glycemia kuphela, kepha futhi kukhuphula izinga likashukela egazini. Udokotela ochwepheshe we-endocrinologist nochwepheshe owakha isethi yokuzivocavoca isiguli kufanele achaze isiguli ukuthi yiziphi izibalo zemfundo ye-glycemia evunyelwe, futhi lapho kungcono ukwenqaba isikhathi sokusebenza.
Kungani abantu abanesifo sikashukela bezivocavoca?
Izifundo zemitholampilo zikuveze kaninginingi ukuthi indlela yokuphila esebenzayo ibhekwa njengethuba lokuvuselela umzimba umzimba. Lesi sitatimende asisebenzi kwiziguli kuphela, kodwa sisebenza nakubantu abaphilile. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa zokuqeqeshwa, abantu baba nokubukeka okungcono kakhulu, isikhumba sabo siphefumula kabusha, futhi amehlo abo aphapheme futhi agcwele ukuzimisela.
Ukuzivocavoca umzimba ngokuzivocavoca kwesifo sikashukela kufanele kutholakale ngesisekelo samaphuzu alandelayo:
- isiguli kufanele sihlanganise ukwelashwa kokuzivocavoca kwisigqi sayo esivamile sempilo (sikhuluma ngomsebenzi, ukuzilibazisa, uhambo nezamabhizinisi, impilo);
- kufanele ukhethe lezo zivivinyo ezizokujabulisa isiguli - ukwenza okunjalo kuzoba mnandi, hhayi kwenziwe, ngoba "kuyadingeka."
Ukwelapha ukuzivocavoca kukuvumela ukulawula isisindo somzimba. Lokhu akubangelwa kuphela ukuwohloka kwama-carbohydrate, kodwa futhi nokwehla kwesifiso sokudla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemuva kwemidlalo esebenzayo, angifuni ukudla hhayi uhlobo lokudla olunothile kuma-saccharides, kepha ukudla kwamaprotheni nezitsha.
Ukushintshwa kokudla yisisekelo sokunakekelwa kwesifo sikashukela, ukuphumelela kwako okufanele kusekelwa yimisebenzi yomzimba
Izici eziyinhloko zokwelashwa kokuzivocavoca kwe- "matenda amnandi":
- ithuba lokuqinisa, ukuphulukisa nokwenza umzimba wakho kabusha;
- ukunciphisa amazinga kashukela egazini futhi ulwe nokulwa ne-insulin;
- ukusekela ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwenhliziyo, imithambo yegazi nezitho zokuphefumula, ususe i-cholesterol eyeqile, unciphise ukuqhubekela phambili kokulimala kwemithambo ye-atherosulinotic;
- ukukhulisa ukusebenza kahle;
- vimbela ukulimala kwemithambo ngokumelene nesifo sikashukela (sikhuluma ngama-micro- kanye nama-macroangiopathies);
- kusebenze izinqubo ze-metabolic ezingeni lamaseli we-peripheral kanye nezicubu;
- buyisela umgudu wokugaya ukudla;
- thuthukisa isimo semizwa.
Imithwalo yamazinga ahlukene obukhulu
Ama-endocrinologists ahlanganyela "isifo esimnandi" hhayi kuphela ngohlobo nangendlela yokukhula, kepha nangobunzima be-pathology. Ngokuya kobunzima, kukhethwa ubuchwepheshe bokuzivocavoca nobude besikhathi sokusebenza kwawo.
Ubunzima obumnene
Izinga eliphansi le- "isifo esimnandi" likuvumela ukuthi usebenzise izivivinyo ezihlose kuwo wonke amaqembu ezitho zomzimba. Ukuqeqeshwa kungenzeka zombili ngejubane elisheshayo nelisheshayo. Ama-Regencyitologists angasebenzisa amagobolondo angeziwe nokufakwa ukufudumeza (isibonelo, ibhentshi, isitebhisi saseSweden).
Ngokuhambisana nokwelapha ngokuzivocavoca, ochwepheshe batusa ukuchitha isikhathi ekuhambeni, kancane kancane bekhulisa ibanga nejubane lokuhamba. Kuvunyelwe futhi ukuzibandakanya:
- Yoga
- ukubhukuda
- ukushushuluza;
- ukugijima (ngejubane elincane).
Ukusekela abathandekayo kwezemidlalo kuyisikhuthazo esingezekile sesifo sikashukela
Ukwehla okulinganiselayo
Iziguli nazo zisebenza kuwo wonke umsebenzi wemisipha, kepha ngesivinini esilinganiselwe. Ukuhamba nakho kuvunyelwe, kepha akukho ngaphezu kwe-6-7 km. Lonke uhla lokuzivocavoca kufanele lwenzelwe ukuze umsebenzi womzimba ube nobunzima obungaphansi kwama-50%.
Izinga elikhulu le-pathology
Abantu abanesifo sikashukela ngalesi simo kunzima ukubekezelela. Kulesi sigaba, kwenzeka ukulimala emithanjeni yobuchopho, imikhawulo engezansi, inhliziyo, izinso kanye nokuhlaziywa okubukwayo. Ngalesi sizathu, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukuqedela imisebenzi ebekwe udokotela wezokwelapha.
Umthwalo kufanele wenzeke ngejubane elincane, iqembu eliphakathi lezicubu namakhono emoto amahle angaphansi kokufundelwa. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuzivocavoca komzimba wokwelapha kuvunyelwe imizuzu engama-60 ngemuva kokujova kwe-hormone nokufakwa kokudla emzimbeni.
Uma isiguli sinconywa ukuphumula kombhede, ochwepheshe bangamfundisa izindlela zokuzivocavoca zokuphefumula, ezisetshenziswa ngempumelelo nasoshukela.
Kunini futhi nini?
Ukuzivocavoca komzimba kunconywa ezimweni lapho ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwayo ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela kuyabonakala. Kubalulekile ukudlala imidlalo futhi kuncike emgomeni owamukelekayo weglucose yegazi (hhayi ophakeme kuno-14 mmol / l). Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngohlobo lwesibili lwesifo, ngoba kulula ukulinganisa inani le-insulin esetshenziselwa injekiseni ngokudla kanye nokuzivocavoca ngokomzimba kunomthamo wabaphatheli be-hypoglycemic.
Ukubona izinga le-glycemia ngaphambi kokuqeqeshwa kuyimfuneko kumuntu ogulayo
Ukwelapha ukuvivinya umzimba akunqunyelwe kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:
- uhlobo olunamandla lokudonswa kwemali;
- ubuthakathaka obukhulu kanye nokusebenza okuphansi kwesifo sikashukela;
- ukwanda okubucayi ushukela endaweni ebanzi nokuncane;
- ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo;
- I-IHD isesimweni sokubuyiselwa kwemali;
- i-lesion eqhubekayo yohlaziyo olubonakalayo;
- ukuba khona kwezinkinga ezinkulu zegazi.
Ngaphambi kokuqamba uhlelo olulodwa, isiguli kufanele sihlolwe ngokuphelele futhi sithole nemvume yokwenza ikhambi lokuzivocavoca kusuka ku-endocrinologist yokwelapha. Kuhlaziywa lezi zinhlaka ezilandelayo:
- ubukhulu
- isimo sesinxephezelo;
- ukuba khona kwezinkinga ze-pathology nokuthambekela kwabo kokuthuthuka;
- ukuba khona kwezifo ezithinta umzimba;
- isimo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
Ukuziqeqesha
Njengomthetho, umthwalo uqala ngokuhamba okujwayelekile. Ungasebenzisa izifudumezi zalokhu. Ngenxa yokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ushintshe ijubane nobude besifundo, izimpawu ezibalulekile (umfutho wegazi, ishayela) zigcinwa ngokulawulwa ngempumelelo. Ububi bokuhamba ngesisindo somzimba ophezulu wesiguli kubhekwa njengezindleko eziphansi zamandla.
Sebenzisa i-ergometer yebhayisekili
Izici zokuqeqeshwa okunje:
- ububanzi bomthwalo obalulekile;
- izindleko zamandla aphezulu;
- ukuntuleka kwengcindezi ephezulu emalungeni;
- isetshenziswe ngempumelelo phambi kwezinkinga ze- "sifo esimnandi";
- uthathe indlela engcono kakhulu yesisindo somzimba ophakeme;
- azilungele lezi ziguli ezithanda imisebenzi ehlukahlukene neyenziwe ngemisebenzi eminingi.
I-ergometry yebhayisekili ayisetshenziswanga ezokwelapha kuphela, kepha futhi nezinjongo zokuxilonga
Ukugijima
Kukhona umthwalo omningi emzimbeni, ngakho-ke ukugijima kuvunyelwe kuphela ngobumnene besifo. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kubalulekile, kepha akunconyelwanga i-pathologies yohlelo lwe-musculoskeletal, unyawo lwesifo sikashukela, ukulimala kumhlaziyi obonakalayo.
Ukubhukuda
Kuhambisana nomthwalo obalulekile kuwo wonke amaqembu ezitho zomzimba, umzimba usebenzisa inani elikhulu lamandla, okuvumela ukuthi ulwe nesisindo se-pathological. Ingozi encane yomonakalo. Ukubhukuda kunconyiwe:
Ukuzivocavoca kwabanesifo sikashukela- ngomonakalo ohlangene;
- izinhlungu emuva
- kwehlise i-acuity ebonakalayo.
Okubi kwendlela:
- amazinga okulayisha kunzima ukuwalawula;
- ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphezulu kufanele ukwazi ukubhukuda kahle;
- ingozi enkulu yokukhunta ezinyaweni.
Ama-Aerobics
Izinga lokusetshenziswa kwezinsiza zamandla linqunywa uhlobo lomdanso. Onke amaqembu emisipha afakwa emsebenzini. I-Aerobics ngumsebenzi weqembu, ovumela abanesifo sikashukela ukuzwa ukwesekelwa kwabantu abagulayo. Imvamisa, amakilasi aphathwa ngejubane elikhulu, ngakho-ke kunzima ngokwanele ukuqapha ukusebenza kwenhliziyo nokucindezela kwengqondo.
Ukuzivocavoca okusebenzayo
Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, umuntu akufanele agcine kuphela isimo esijwayelekile somzimba, kodwa futhi asebenze nezindawo ezivame ukufakwa ngaphansi “kokwethuka”. Enye yalezi zindawo imilenze ephansi. Ochwepheshe batusa ukunika imizuzu eyi-15 nsuku zonke kuma-gymnastics emlenzeni.
Ukuvivinya ngakunye kufanele kuphindwe okungenani izikhathi ezingama-8-10
Iqoqo lokuzivocavoca lamaphethelo aphansi:
- Iminwe qinisa futhi iqonde.
- Ama-roll kusuka esithendeni kuya ezinzwaneni nasemhlane ayenziwa, enye yezingxenye zonyawo ihlala ishiqwa icindezelwe phansi.
- Ukucindezela isithende phansi, phakamisa amasokisi. Yenza ukunyakaza okujikelezayo, kuphendukela ezinhlangothini.
- Yelula imilenze yomibili ngenkathi uhleli esihlalweni. Amalambu akufanele athinte umhlabathi. Yenza ukunyakaza okujikelezayo ku-ankle ngokuhlanganyela, ukudonsa nokuphumula amasokisi, ukunyakaza "kwesikele".
- Yenza izivivinyo ngenkathi umile. Yima ezinzwaneni zakho nezithende zakho phansi. Yenza ukunyakaza okuguqukayo ku-ankle ngokuhlukile ngonyawo ngalunye.
Ukuzivocavoca kwamehlo onesifo sikashukela
Enye yezinkinga zesifo sikashukela yi-retinopathy - indlela esetshenziselwa ngayo ukucubungula okubukwayo, ebonakala ngoshintsho ku-retina, ukwehla okukhulu kwe-acuity ebonakalayo. Ochwepheshe batusa ukwenza izivivinyo hhayi kuphela zemisipha yezandla nezithusi, kodwa nangezinto zamehlo zemisipha.
I-Gymnastics yamehlo ikuvumela ukuthi ulondoloze i-acuity ebonakalayo, uthuthukise ukuhamba kwegazi endaweni yeso
- Cwilisa amehlo akho ngokuzikhandla, bese uwavula bese uzama ukungashazi isikhathi eside. Phinda okungenani izikhathi eziyi-10.
- Beka ukugqoloza kwakho kwinto ekude kakhulu, bese ukuhambisa kuzinto. Lungisa isikhundla ngasinye amasekhondi angama-5-7. Phinda izikhathi eziningana.
- Blink ngokushesha imizuzu engu-1.5-2.
- Sebenzisa iminwe yakho ukwengeza ijwabu leso elingaphezulu nelingaphansi, uvala amehlo akho.
- Vala amehlo akho futhi ube kulesi sikhundla okungenani imizuzu emi-2.
Ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela, ungasebenzisa futhi izivivinyo zokuphefumula, iqoqo lokuzivocavoca qigong, yoga. Umsebenzi omkhulu ukuthola uchwepheshe oqeqeshiwe ozokufundisa ukuthi uhambisa kanjani amabutho akho ngendlela efanele. Ukuzivocavoca okwanele kunganciphisa inani lemithi edliwayo, kuvikele ukukhula kwezinkinga, futhi kunciphise ukuqhubeka kwe-pathology.
