Imvelo ye-cholesterol noshukela wegazi

Igazi liqukethe izinto eziningi ezenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene. Ukwanda noma ukuncipha kwenani labo kuholela ekuthuthukisweni kwezifo ezimbi kakhulu kanye nokuwohloka okubukhali enhlalakahleni yabantu. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ekuhlolweni koshukela ne-cholesterol egazini. Ukwanda kwabo kuba umfutho omkhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwesifo sikashukela nesifo se-cholesterol. Ngakho-ke, yini imvelo kashukela ne-cholesterol esegazini, wonke umuntu kufanele azi. Ngemuva kwakho konke, kungukuguqula okuqukethwe kwabo kuphela lapho singabona khona ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo futhi siqale ukwelashwa kwazo, ngaphandle kokulinda izinkinga.

Imisebenzi kashukela wegazi

Ushukela ne-cholesterol kuyizinto ezimbili ezibalulekile zegazi. Owokuqala walokhu, umzimba uwusebenzisa njengomthombo wamandla, ofaka kuwo ngamunye amaseli awo. Ngaphandle kwawo, asikho isitho sangaphakathi, kufaka phakathi ubuchopho, esingasebenza ngokujwayelekile.

Ushukela, i-aka glucose, iyi-carbohydrate elula ehlehlela izakhi ezahlukahlukene ngesikhathi sokumba. "Isebenziseka" ihlala emzimbeni futhi idonswe egazini, "iyingozi" isuswa kuyo ngokwemvelo kanye nokujuluka, umchamo nezindunduma.

Umzimba womuntu awukwazi ukuzenzela ngokuzimela ukukhiqiza ushukela. Uyakuthola kanye nokudla okudliwa ngumuntu. Kutholakala ekudleni okuqukethe i-sucrose, i-lactose nesitashi.

Ukufakwa kwe-glucose emandleni kwenziwa yi-insulin, eyenziwe ngamanyikwe. Uma ukusebenza kwayo kuphazamiseka, ukukhiqizwa kwale hormone kuyancipha, ngenxa yalokho ushukela uyeka ukudiliza futhi uzinze ngendlela yamakristalu egazini.

Lesi simo siyingozi ngoba siholela ekwakheni uhlobo loshukela ongalapheki olungelashwa. Okokuqala, umuntu uba nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, lapho ukuhlangana kwe-insulin kuyinto evamile, kepha amangqamuzana omzimba alahlekelwa umuzwa wawo kuwo. Ngenxa yalokhu, ama-pancreas aqala ukuyikhiqiza ngokuzikhandla, ngoba idinga ukucubungula ushukela. Imithwalo eqinile iholela "ekugqokeni" kwe-gland. Ngenxa yalokho, amangqamuzana akhe ayonakala futhi ayekile ukukhiqiza i-insulin. Ngakho-ke, kuthayipha isifo sikashukela sokuqala.

I-glucose metabolism

Futhi uma i-T2DM isengalapheka, inqobo nje uma izindlela zokwelapha ziqala ngokushesha ngemuva kokutholwa kwalesi sifo, khona-ke esimweni se-T1DM akunakwenzeka. Lapho kwenzeka, umuntu akanalutho okufanele alwenze, ukuthi angakuqapha kanjani njalo ukudla kwakhe futhi athathe amalungiselelo e-insulin angenza ukuntuleka kwe-insulin emzimbeni.

Imisebenzi ye-cholesterol egazini

I-cholesterol iyinto ebandakanyeka ezinqubweni ezahlukahlukene emzimbeni. Ngaphandle kwawo, imetabolism, ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone ocansi, kanye nohlelo oluphambili lwezinzwa nobuchopho, kuyaphazamiseka, ngoba kuyingxenye ebalulekile yamaseli ayo.

Abantu abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi i-cholesterol ingena emzimbeni ngokudla kuphela. Kepha empeleni lokhu akunjalo. Isibindi senza okuthile ekukhiqizeni kwaso. Ukwephula emsebenzini wakhe okuholela ekutheni kube nezinguquko ezinkombeni zale nto esegazini. Ngokuqondene nokudla, nakho kuqukethwe kukho, kepha kudonswa ngumzimba kuphela ngama-20%.

Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi i-cholesterol ingaba "kubi" futhi "inhle." Lesi sakamuva sine-density high (HDL) futhi sihlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okuthembekile kohlelo lwezinhliziyo, kunciphisa ubungozi bokukhula kwe-inhliziyo inhliziyo izikhathi eziningana. Kutholakala ekudleni okufana namaqanda enkukhu, ibhotela (okwenziwe ekhaya) nenyama ebomvu.

I-Cholesterol, enesibalo esiphansi (LDL), ithathwa njenge "emibi." Kepha futhi idlala indima ebalulekile emzimbeni womuntu - ikhiqiza ama-hormone futhi ihlanganise uvithamini D. Kukhona ukulingana okuthile phakathi kwe-HDL ne-LDL, kepha uma kukhona okuningi kuwo, kuholela ekubonakaleni kwesisindo ngokweqile nasekwakheni iziqobana ze-cholesterol emikhunjini, okuvusa ukukhula kwe-atherosclerosis ne-thrombophlebitis .

Futhi yi-HDL kuphela ekwazi "ukubambezela" isenzo se-LDL, ihlanza imithambo yegazi yama-cholesterol deposits, iqondise esibindini futhi isuse emzimbeni ngendlela yemvelo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, lapho umuntu eye wembula izifo zohlelo lwethambo nenhliziyo, kuphoqelekile ukuthi kwenziwe ukuhlaziya ukuthola izinga le-HDL neLDL.

Yiziphi izinkambiso?

Lapho wenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuthola izinga le-cholesterol noshukela egazini ekhaya noma emtholampilo, kufanele wazi izinkambiso zawo. Ukuze izifundo zikhombise imiphumela efanele, kufanele uhambisane nemithetho ethile lapho kudluliswa ukuhlaziywa.

Ukuqoqwa koshukela egazini kuyehluka kuye ngeminyaka yomuntu. Ithebula elingezansi lichaza izinkambiso zalo:

Ushukela wegazi ojwayelekile osuselwa eminyakeni yobudala

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lapho udla ukudla okuningi okunokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-fructose ne-lactose, izinga le-glucose egazini likhuphuka ngamayunithi ayi-1-1,5, okuyisiko eliphelele. Futhi ukuze ugweme ukuthola ukuxilongwa okuyiphutha, kusasele isikhathi sangemva kokulethwa kokuqala kokuhlaziywa, akufanele udle ukudla okunjalo. Lokhu kufaka ushokoledi, i-confectionery, izinhlobo ezimnandi zamajikijolo nezithelo, njll.

Lapho kukhona isifo sikashukela i-mellitus, izinkomba zedlula ngendlela ejwayelekile futhi zingafinyelela:

• esiswini esingenalutho - kufika ku-7.0 mmol / l;
• ngemuva kokudla - kufika ku-10,0 mmol / l.

Njengomthetho, ngamazinga kashukela egazi anjalo, odokotela abalunqamuleli ukwelashwa okubuyiselwayo futhi bancoma ukuthi iziguli zimane ziqaphe ukudla kwazo ngokucophelela, zidla kuphela ukudla okune-carb ephansi. Lokhu kuzonciphisa kakhulu ubungozi bokubona okunciphile, ukwenzeka kwe-renal ne-inhliziyo, kanye nezifo ezahlukahlukene zamaphethelo aphansi, okukhona phakathi kwawo isifo sezinhlungu.

Uma ukuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile kukhombisa ukuthi izinga likashukela likhuphuka kancane kancane futhi lidlule ku-10 mmol / L esiswini esingenalutho, khona-ke ukwelashwa okufaka esikhundleni selutho sekukhona, okubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwamalungiselelo e-insulin.

Izinga le-cholesterol esegazini libuye linemigomo yalo, encike esigabeni sobudala bomuntu. Ungababona etafuleni.

Izinhlobo zama-cholesterol egazi ngeminyaka

Imvamisa, izinga lekholesteroli lowesifazane liphansi kancane kunelendoda. Kepha kuwo womabili la macala okuqala nawesibili, ukwanda kwama-indices ayo kuholela ekwakhiweni kwe-pathologies ye-inhliziyo, eminye yayo kungaholela ekufeni.

Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga ezinkulu zokuphambuka kwalezi zinkomba kusuka kokujwayelekile kungaholela, ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngoshukela ne-cholesterol kufanele kuthathwe njalo. Futhi ngokwanda kwabo, kuyadingeka ngokushesha ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuzikhulisa. Le ukuphela kwendlela yokuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwama-pathologies ahlukahlukene.

Kungani i-cholesterol ephezulu noshukela wegazi kuyingozi?

Ushukela ophezulu wegazi uholela ekuthuthukisweni kwesifo sikashukela. Lesi sifo kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu, kufaka phakathi:

• Ketoacitosis Kubonakala ngokuqwabelana kwemizimba ye-ketone egazini. Ibonakala njengesiyezi, ukulahleka kwengqondo, ukuqina, njll.
• I-Hypoglycemia Ukwehla okukhulu ushukela wegazi, okucasulwa ukusetshenziswa okungafanele kwamalungiselelo e-insulin, ukuvivinya umzimba isikhathi eside, nokuphuza utshwala. Kuboniswa ukweqiwa, isiyezi, ukulahleka kwengqondo, ukuntuleka kokusabela kwabafundi ekukhanyeni, ukoma.
• I-Hyperosmolar coma. Kubonakala nge-high sodium ne-glucose. Isizathu esiyinhloko sokukhula kwayo wukuphela komzimba isikhathi eside. Kuboniswa ukoma okungapheli, i-Photophobia, ukwanda kokuchama, ikhanda, ubuthakathaka, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.
• I-Lactic acidosis coma. Ngokukhula kwayo, i-lactic acid inqwabelana egazini. Njengomthetho, lesi simo senzeka ngokumelene nesizinda sokwehluleka kwezinso noma kwesibindi. Kubonakaliswa ukwehluleka kokuphefumula, ukwehla kwengcindezi yegazi, ukuntuleka kokuchama.

Futhi kwesifo sikashukela kukhona izinkinga ezifana:

• i-retinopathy
• i-angiopathy;
• i-polyneuropathy;
• unyawo lwesifo sikashukela.

Ukuqina okwandisiwe kwe-cholesterol kuholela ekwakhekeni kwama-plaque emikhunjini

Nge-cholesterol ephezulu yegazi, ingozi yokuthuthuka:

• infarction myocardial;
• isifo sohlangothi;
• i-thrombophlebitis;
• imithambo ye-varicose;
• umfutho wegazi ophakeme
• ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo;
• ukwehluleka kwesibindi.

Ukuhlolwa komtholampilo

Yini ushukela wegazi ojwayelekile

Ungathola izinga loshukela ne-cholesterol egazini kunoma yimuphi umtholampilo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuthatha udlulisela kudokotela futhi uvakashele elebhu. Yikuphi ukulungiselela okudingekayo ngaphambi kokudlula kokuhlaziywa? Akukho. Into kuphela edingekayo ukwenqaba ukudla ukudla amahora angu-8 ngaphambi kwenqubo ezayo. Ngocwaningo, kuthathwa igazi le-venous noma igazi eliphuma emunweni. Njengomthetho, imiphumela yaziwa kakhulu ngosuku olulandelayo.

Esimweni lapho isiguli sihlushwa ukoma okungapheli, umlomo owomile, isikhumba esikhanyayo kanye nobuthakathaka obujwayelekile, khona-ke unikezwa ukuhlaziywa okukuvumela ukuthi unqume i-hemoglobin ye-glycated. Ngenxa yakhe, kungenzeka ukukhomba ukuthuthukiswa kohlobo 1 lwesifo sikashukela. Ukuhlaziywa kwenziwa ngezigaba eziningana - isampula legazi lokuqala lithathwa esiswini esingenalutho, okwesibili - amahora ama-2 ngemuva kokudla.

Ukunqunywa koshukela ne-cholesterol egazini ekhaya

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuthola ukuthi ushukela ne-cholesterol esegazini kungenziwa kanjani ngokuzimela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uzodinga idivaysi ekhethekile, engathengwa kunoma iyiphi ikhemisi. Beza ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, kepha ezaziwa kakhulu futhi ezinolwazi yilezi:

• I-EasyMate - inquma inani le-cholesterol noshukela wegazi emizuzwini emi-2, idinga inani eliphansi legazi;
• I-EasyTouch - ikhombisa ukugcwala ushukela, cholesterol ne-hemoglobin;
• ICardio Check - inquma izinga likashukela, cholesterol ne-creatinine.

Kubukeka njengeglucometer

Kunconywa ukuba nalawa madivayisi ekhaya kuwo wonke umuntu, ngisho nabantu abaphilile ngokuphelele. Ngenxa yabo, kungenzeka ukukhomba ukuphambuka okufika ngesikhathi futhi uthathe zonke izindlela ezidingekayo zezempilo ezizosiza ukugwema izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma ukutholwa kusuka kokujwayelekile kutholakele?

Uma kwenzeka ukuthi ukuphambuka okujwayelekile kutholwe yimiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi, kufanele uye kudokotela ngokushesha. Nguyena kuphela onokwazi ukukhetha ukwelashwa okuyikho okuzosiza ukwehlisa ushukela wegazi ne-cholesterol kube okwejwayelekile.

Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa imithi ekhethekile. Zikhethwe ngawodwana, kuya ngeminyaka nangesikhathi esejwayelekile isiguli. Iphuzu elibalulekile ekwelashweni kwe-cholesterol ephezulu noshukela ekudleni. Ezimweni zombili zokuqala nezesibili, akufaki ngokuphelele ekudleni:

• inyama enamafutha nenhlanzi;
• ukudla okunamafutha nokuthosiwe;
• ngabhema inyama nokhukhamba;
• ukubhaka
• ukudla kobisi nobisi olunoshukela olunokuqukethwe okunamafutha amaningi (ngaphezu kwe-1.5%);
• amaswidi (ushukela, i-confectionery, ushokoledi, njll.);
• izinhlobo ezimnandi zezithelo namajikijolo;
• utshwala

Ukupheka kuvunyelwe i-steam noma kuhhavini ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amafutha. Lapho uzilungiselela, ungasebenzisa imikhiqizo elandelayo:

• inyama engenamafutha, inhlanzi enamafutha aphansi, ukudla kwasolwandle;
• amazambane (angadliwa ngesamba esingadluli kuma-200 g ngosuku);
• iklabishi;
• izaqathe;
• anyanisi nesweli;
• imifino;
• ubhontshisi oluhlaza;
• ushizi nokuningi.

Uhlu olunemininingwane eminingi yemikhiqizo evunyelwe kufanele lunikezwe udokotela wakho. Uma ukudla ukudla okuhambisana nezidakamizwa kunganiki imiphumela emihle, ukwelashwa kwenziwa esibhedlela.