Ukwelashwa okusha - Izinhlobo zokugoma isifo sikashukela

Ukudlanga okuphezulu nokushona okuphezulu okuvela kuhlobo lokuqala 1 nohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela kuphoqa ososayensi emhlabeni wonke ukuba bathuthukise izindlela nezindlela ezintsha ekwelashweni kwalesi sifo.

Kuzobajabulisa abaningi ukufunda ngezindlela ezintsha zokwelapha, ukusungulwa komgomo wokugomela isifo sikashukela, imiphumela yokutholwa komhlaba kule ndawo.

Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela

Izindlela zokwelapha isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 zihlukile kwezinye izindlela ezisetshenziswa ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1.

Imiphumela yokwelashwa etholakele kusetshenziswa izindlela zendabuko ivela ngemuva kwesikhathi eside. Ukuzama ukunciphisa ukufinyelelwa kwezinsiza ezinhle ekwelashweni, umuthi wanamuhla usungula izidakamizwa ezintsha ngokwengeziwe, usebenzisa izindlela ezintsha, futhi uthola yonke imiphumela emihle nehamba phambili.

Ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, kusetshenziswa amaqembu ama-3 wezidakamizwa:

• ama-biguanides;
• thiazolidinediones;
• i-sulfonylurea compounds (isizukulwane sesi-2).

Isenzo sale mishanguzo kuhloswe ngaso:

• ukuncipha kweglucose;
• ukucindezelwa kokukhiqizwa koshukela amaseli wesibindi;
• ukugqugquzela kokuqunjelwa kwe-insulin ngokwenza amaseli we-pancreatic;
• ukuvimba ukumelana ne-insulin kwamaseli nezicubu zomzimba;
• ukwanda kokuzwa kwe-insulin kwamafutha amangqamuzana nemisipha.

Izidakamizwa eziningi zinokusilela emiphumeleni yazo emzimbeni:

• isisindo somzimba, i-hypoglycemia;
• imivimbo, ukulunywa esikhunjeni;
• ukuphazamiseka kwesistimu yokugaya.

Okusebenzayo kakhulu, okuthembekile yiMetformin. Inokuguquguquka kwesicelo. Ungangezela umthamo, uhlangane nabanye. Lapho kusetshenziswana nge-insulin, kuvunyelwe ukuguqula umthamo, kunciphisa ukwelashwa kwe-insulin.

Ukwelashwa okufakazelwe kakhulu ngohlobo 1 nesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2 bekuyinto yokwelapha i-insulin.

Ucwaningo lapha alumi. Kusetshenziswa izimpumelelo zobunjiniyela bezofuzo, ama-insulin aguquliwe wesinyathelo esifushane neside ayatholakala.

Okuthandwa kakhulu yi-Apidra - insulin esebenza ngokufushane neLantus - osebenza isikhathi eside.

Ukusetshenziswa kwabo okuhlangene ngokusondelana ngangokunokwenzeka kuphindaphinda ukucasha okujwayelekile kokuphila kwe-insulin okukhiqizwa ama-pancreas, futhi kuvimbela nezinkinga ezingenzeka.

Uhlelo lokuqapha igazi lwekhompiyutha olwenziwe nguLevitikus ulawula ama-pancreas. Ishidi lokuqokwa lihlanganiswe ngemuva kokuthola imininingwane ye-chip ye-elekthronikhi, isiguli sizithwale yona izinsuku eziyi-5.

Ukugcina isimo sizinzile ekwelashweni kweziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, futhi waqamba uhlelo lokusebenza oluhlanganiswe nebhande.

Uhlala enquma ushukela wegazi futhi, esebenzisa ipompo ekhethekile, ujova umthamo obalwa ngokuzenzakalelayo we-insulin.

Izindlela ezintsha zokwelapha

Izindlela zokwelapha ushukela ezintsha kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• ukusetshenziswa kwamaseli we-stem;
• ukugoma
• kwehlisa ukuhlanjululwa kwegazi;
• ukufakelwa kwamanyikwe noma izingxenye zalo.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamaseli we-stem kuyindlela ye-ultramodern. Kwenziwa emitholampilo ekhethekile, isibonelo, eJalimane.

Ezimweni zaselebhu, kukhuliswa amaseli we-stem atshalwe esigulini. Wakha imithambo yegazi emisha, izicubu, imisebenzi ibuyiselwe, amazinga e-glucose ajwayelekile.

Ukugoma bekungikhuthaza. Cishe isigamu seminyaka, ososayensi eYurophu naseMelika bebelokhu besebenza emithini yokugomela isifo sikashukela.

Indlela yokusebenza yezinqubo ze-autoimmune ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela incishiswa ekubhujisweni kwamaseli we-beta yi-T-lymphocyte.

Umuthi wokugoma, owenziwe usebenzisa i-nanotechnology, kufanele uvikele amaseli we-pancreatic beta, ubuyisele izindawo ezilimele futhi uqinise ama-T-lymphocyte agcinwe, ngoba ngaphandle kwawo umzimba uzohlala usengcupheni yokutheleleka kanye ne-oncology.

Ukuhlunga kwegazi okucasulayo noma i-hemocorrection ye-extracorporeal kusetshenziselwa izinkinga ezinzima zesifo sikashukela.

Igazi lidonswa emhlolweni okhethekile, othunyelwe ngemithi edingekayo, amavithamini. Iyashintshwa, ikhululwe ezintweni ezinobuthi ezithinta kabi izitsha ezivela ngaphakathi.

Emitholampilo ehamba phambili emhlabeni, ezimweni ezingenathemba kakhulu ezinobunzima obukhulu, ukufakelwa kwesitho noma izingxenye zalo kuyasetshenziswa. Umphumela uncike kumenzeli okhethwe ukwenqatshwa okhethwe kahle.

Ividiyo emayelana nesifo sikashukela esivela kuDkt Komarovsky:

Imiphumela Yokucwaninga Ngezokwelapha

Ngokwemininingwane evela ku-2013, ososayensi baseDashi naseMelika basungule umuthi wokugomela iBHT-3021 wokulwa nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1.

Isenzo somjovo ukufaka esikhundleni samaseli we-beta pancreas, azibekele wona esikhundleni sawo ukuze kubhujiswe ama-T-lymphocyte omzimba.

Amaseli we-beta agciniwe angaqala futhi ukukhiqiza i-insulin.

Ososayensi babize lo mgomo ngokuthi “umuthi wokugomela isenzo” noma ukubuyisela emuva. I, icindezela amasosha omzimba (T-lymphocyte), ibuyisa ukucasulwa kwe-insulin (amaseli we-beta). Imvamisa yonke imigomo iqinisa amasosha omzimba - isenzo esiqondile.

UDkt Lawrence Steiman weStanford University wabiza umuthi wokugoma ngokuthi "umuthi wokuqala wokugomela i-DNA emhlabeni," ngoba, njengokugomela umkhuhlane ojwayelekile, awukhiqizi impendulo ethile yomzimba. Yehlisa umsebenzi wamaseli omzimba abhubhisa i-insulin ngaphandle kokuthinta ezinye izingxenye zayo.

Impahla yokugoma ihlolwe kwabahlanganyeli abangama-80 abazinikelayo.

Ucwaningo lukhombisile umphumela omuhle. Akukho miphumela emibi eye yatholakala. Izinga le-C-peptides lenyuke kuzo zonke izifundo, okukhombisa ukubuyiselwa kwamanyikwe.

Ukwakheka kwe-insulin ne-C-peptide

Ukuqhubeka nokuhlolwa, ilayisense yokugomela idluliselwe eTolerion, inkampani ye-biotechnology eCalifornia.

Ngo-2016, umhlaba wafunda ngomzwa omusha. Kule nkomfa, uMongameli wenhlangano iMexico Association for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases, uLucia Zarate Ortega, kanye noMongameli we-Victory Over Diabetes Foundation, uSalvador Chacon Ramirez, wethule uhlobo olungu-1 nohlobo 2 lokugoma isifo sikashukela.

I-algorithm yenqubo yokugoma imi kanje:

1. Isiguli sithola ama-cubes ayi-5 egazi kusuka emthanjeni.
2. Ama-55 ml wetshezi olukhethekile oluhlanganiswe nosawoti wezomzimba afakwa kwi-tube yokuhlola enegazi.
3. Ingxube edlulayo yathunyelwa esiqandisini futhi igcinwe lapho kuze kube yilapho ingxube iphola ibe ngu-5 degrees Celsius.
4. Ngemuva kwalokho kufudumele ekushiseni komzimba womuntu okungama-37 degrees.

Ngokushintshwa kwezinga lokushisa, ukwakheka kwengxube kushintsha ngokushesha. Ukwakheka okusha okuzoba umphumela kuzoba umuthi wokugoma ofanele waseMexico. Ungagcina umuthi wokugoma izinyanga ezimbili. Ukwelashwa kwakhe, kanye nokudla okhethekile nokuzivocavoca umzimba kuhlala unyaka.

Ngaphambi kokwelashwa, iziguli zimenywa ngokushesha, eMexico, ukuthi ziyohlolwa ngokuphelele.

Impumelelo yezifundo zaseMexico iye yaqinisekiswa umhlaba wonke. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umuthi wokugoma waseMexico uthole "ithikithi lokuya empilweni."

Ukuhlobana kokuvimbela

Njengoba izindlela zokwelapha ezintsha zingatholakali kuwo wonke umuntu onesifo sikashukela, ukuvimbela lesi sifo kuhlala kuyinkinga ephuthumayo, ngoba isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 siyiso nje lesi sifo, amandla okugula hhayi okuncike kumuntu uqobo.

Izincomo zokuvimbela yimithetho ejwayelekile yendlela yokuphila enempilo:

1. Ukudla okufanele nesiko lokudla.
2. Uhlobo lokuphuza amanzi.
3. Indlela yokuphila ephathekayo, esebenzayo.
4. Ukukhishwa kokulayishwa ngokweqile kwezinzwa.
5. Ukwenqaba imikhuba emibi.
6. Ukulawulwa kwezifo ezingamahlalakhona ezikhona.
7. Ukupholisa kuze kube sekupheleni kwezifo ezithathelwanayo, eziqhubekayo.
8. Bheka ubukhona be-helminth, ama-bacteria, ama-parasites.
9. Ngokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwemithi, ukunikela ngegazi ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kuhlaziywe.

Ukondliwa okufanele kubaluleke kakhulu ekuvinjelweni.

Kuyadingeka ukukhawulela ushukela, ufulawa, ukudla okunamafutha amaningi. Khipha utshwala, isoda, ukudla okusheshayo, ukudla okusheshayo nokungenangqondo, okubandakanya izinto ezinobungozi, izinto zokugcina izifo.

Khulisa ukudla okunezihlahla ezicebile kakhulu ku-fiber:

• imifino
• izithelo
• amajikijolo.

Phuza amanzi ahlanziwe aze afike kumalitha ama-2 phakathi nosuku.

Kuyadingeka ukuba uzijwayeze futhi ubheke ukuzikhandla okunokwenzeka njengenjwayelo ejwayelekile: ukuhamba ngezinyawo isikhathi eside, imidlalo yangaphandle, ukuhamba ngezinyawo, ukuzilolonga kuma-simulators.