Izimpawu eziphambili zesifo sikashukela ezinganeni - ukusibona kanjani lesi sifo?

Ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela kuhambisana nezingane ezinezimpawu ezifanayo nezabantu abadala. Isibalo seziguli ezithole lesi sifo zisencane zisanda minyaka yonke.

Ngeshwa, i-pathology ayinayo imikhawulo yeminyaka, ngakho-ke, ayenzeki kuphela ebusheni, kodwa nasezinganeni.

Amandla okuhlukanisa izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela kukuvumela ukuthi ufune usizo lodokotela ngesikhathi futhi uqale ukwelashwa okufanele. Ngenxa yezidakamizwa zesimanje nezindlela zokwelapha, iziguli ziyakwazi ukugcina umzimba futhi zicindezele ukubonakaliswa kwalesi sifo.

Izimbangela zesifo

Lesi sifo sihambisana nokwanda koshukela wegazi. +

Izingane zivame ukuthinteka ekukhulisweni kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, lapho kudingeka khona ukuntuleka kwe-insulin emzimbeni kanye nokujovwa kwemijovo yama-hormone angaphansi.

Kwezinye izimo, ezigulini ezincane, kutholakala isifo sesi-2, okuwumphumela wokulimala kwezinto ezibonakalayo.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pathology kwenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya lezinto ezithile ezingavusa ukubonakala kwayo.

Izimbangela zokwenzeka:

• isiphetho sofuzo;
• umthelela wezemvelo;
• isisindo sokuzala esedlula ama-4.5 kg;
• izinguquko ze-pathological metabolism;
• ukwethulwa kwangaphambi kobisi lwenkomo ekudleni okuhambelana;
• ukufakwa kokuqala kokhokho ezinganeni;
• izifo ezithathelwanayo;
• komzimba
• izindlela zenhliziyo;
• ukukhuluphala
• ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kokudla okucetshiswe ngodayi, ukunambitheka;
• ukuntuleka kokuzivocavoca.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqala kwesifo sikashukela kungandulelwa yizinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa esitholwe ngumama wengane:

• ukwehlulwa yiliphi igciwane, ikakhulukazi umkhuhlane, i-rubella noma inkukhu;
• ukuhlala njalo kowesifazane okhulelwe ezimweni ezicindezelayo.

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi, uma isifo sitholakala kwelinye lamawele enganeni yesibili, isifo sikashukela, ngisho nangemva kwalokho, siyatholakala.

Izimpawu nezimpawu zokuqala

Izimpawu zokuqala zesifo kunzima ukuziqaphela. Izinga lokukhula kwabo lincike ohlotsheni lwesifo sikashukela esitholakele esigulini. Ezigulini ezethembele ku-insulin, inkambo esheshayo yenqubo ye-pathological iyabonakala, isimo sazo singaba sibi kakhulu esikhathini esifushane (cishe isonto).

Uhlobo lwesibili luhambisana nezimpawu ezikhula kancane kancane, abazali ngokuvamile abazinaki. Lesi simo sokuwohloka kwenhlala-kahle yengane siba imbangela eyinhloko yezinkinga ezinkulu. Kungenzeka uvikele imiphumela eyingozi, wazi izici zenkambo yalesi sifo.

Lesi sifo sibonisa kanjani ezigabeni zokuqala:

1. Isidingo samaswidi siyakhula. Lesi sifo sihambisana nokubulawa yindlala kwamangqamuzana omzimba ngenxa yokuthikamezeka kweglucose nenqubo yokuguqulwa kwayo ibe amandla. Ngenxa yezinguquko ezinjalo ze-pathological, isifiso sokudla amaswidi njalo siveza.
2. Umuzwa wendlala uyanda. Isifo sikashukela sibonakaliswa ukuntuleka komoya noma ngokudla okwenele.
3. Yehlisiwe imisebenzi ngemuva kokuqeda ukudla. Ekuziphatheni kwezingane, ukuvela kungabikhona, zenqaba imidlalo esebenzayo. Ngokuhlanganiswa kwalesi sibonakaliso nezinye izibonakaliso, abazali kudingeka bahlole ingane yabo ngokuphuthumayo.

Izimpawu zokuqhubeka kwesifo:

1. Ukomiswa (kokugula). Bazali ngaso sonke isikhathi kufanele banake inani lamanzi aphuzwa yingane phakathi nosuku. Isifo sikashukela sivezwa umuzwa ohlale womile. Iziguli zivame ukuphuza amalitha u-5 uketshezi ngosuku, kanti ulwelwesi lwama-mucous luhlala lomile.
2. I-Polyuria Lesi sibonakaliso sisho ukwanda kokuphuma komchamo ngosuku. Lesi simo singumphumela wokuphuza ngokweqile uketshezi. Isifiso sokuchama siyaqhubeka ngisho nasebusuku.
3. Ukwehla kwesisindo. Ukuqala kwalesi sifo kuvame ukubonakala ngokuthola isisindo, bese isiguli siqala ukwehla.
4. Ukwelashwa kancane kwamanxeba. Lokhu kungenxa yomonakalo wemikhumbi emincane ngaphansi kwethonya loshukela omningi.
5. Ukuvela esikhunjeni sezilonda zokukhunta, ukwakheka kwenhlama.
6. Ubuthakathaka, ukucasuka. Lokhu kuboniswa kwenzeka ngokumelene nesizinda sokuntuleka kwamandla.
7. I-odorone ye-acetone evela emgodleni womlomo. Ukhula ngenxa yokwanda kwenani lemizimba ye-ketone emzimbeni futhi kukhombisa ukuthi kungenzeka kube ne-coma ephezulu.

Izimpawu zenkinga yesifo esibi:

• ukunxenxa njalo ukuhlanza;
• ukomisa;
• ukwehla okunamandla kwesisindo;
• ukwazi okungaphelele;
• ukudideka emvelweni;
• ukulahleka kokuqwashisa ngenxa yokuqalwa kukoma.

Ukwemukelwa ngesikhathi kwezinyathelo kanye nesikhalazo ku-endocrinologist ngezikhalazo ngezimpawu ezivelile kusiza ukugwema imiphumela eyingozi.

Ividiyo evela kuDkt Komarovsky ngesifo sikashukela ezinganeni:

Izici zezifo zesifo ngokuya ngeminyaka

Ukubonakaliswa kwempilo kwalesi sifo kwehluka ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa, izingane ezineminyaka engu-2 naphambi kokuqala kobusha.

Ezinganeni

Ukubonakaliswa kwalesi sifo ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa kunzima kakhulu ukusithola kunasezingane ezindala. Lokhu kungenxa yobunzima bokuhlukanisa phakathi komile we-pathological, i-polyuria, kanye nezidingo zemvelo ezifanayo.

Imvamisa isifo sikashukela sitholakala ngemuva kokuhlaselwa ukuhlanza, ukudakwa, ukomisa noma ukoma. Ngokuqhubeka kancane kancane kwalesi sifo ezinsaneni, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kwesisindo, ukulala okungaphumuli, ukudabukisa, ukuthokomala okucasulayo nokugaya ukudla kuyaphawulwa.

Amantombazane ahlushwa i-diaper rash, okungahlali isikhathi eside. Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zivame ukuba nenkinga yesikhumba esithintwe ukujuluka, ukwakheka komzimba, ukubonakaliswa komzimba. Umchamo uyanamathela, futhi amachashaza aba yindlala ngemuva kokuba omile.

Kwezingane zasenkulisa kanye nezingane zamabanga aphansi

Ukuxilongwa kwalesi sifo kuyinkimbinkimbi hhayi ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa, kodwa futhi nangemva kokuba izingane zifinyelela eminyakeni emi-3 kuye kwengama-5, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ezinganeni zesikole ezincane. Kunzima ukukhomba isifo esikhulayo ngaphambi kokuphefumula noma isimo ngaphambi kokulahlekelwa ukwazi, ngoba izimpawu azibonakali kalula.

Izici ezibalulekile:

• ukuqala okungapheli kokukhathala;
• ukukhuphuka kwesisu ngevolumu;
• Izinkinga zesitulo
• ukuthopha;
• ukuthuthukiswa kwe-dysbiosis;
• ukubonakala kobuhlungu besisu;
• ukwenqaba ukudla, kufaka namaswidi.

Kulesi sikhathi ezinganeni, hhayi okokuqala kuphela, kepha futhi kutholwa uhlobo lwesibili lwesifo.

Iziguli ezingathenjeli i-insulin zivame ukuhlushwa ukukhuluphala okubangelwa ukudla okungenampilo nokuntuleka kokuvivinya umzimba.

Ezinganeni ezineminyaka yazo ihambelana neqembu lesikole samabanga aphansi, i-endocrine pathology enjalo iqhubeka kanzima futhi ingazinzi.

Bajwayele ukuhlaselwa nge-hypoglycemia, ehambisana nokuboniswa okulandelayo:

• ukukhathazeka okungenasisekelo;
• ubuqili;
• ukungalawulwa;
• ukozela phakathi nosuku;
• ukwenqaba ukudla;
• ukubukeka kokuhlanza lapho izihlobo zizama ukondla izingane amaswidi.

Konke ukusola kokuthuthukisa i-hypoglycemia kufanele kuhambisane nemitha kashukela wegazi. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ukhombe izinga le-glucose okwamanje futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezifanele zokuqondisa inkomba.

Ebusheni

Izinga lezigameko ezinganeni ezineminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi liyi-37,5%. Kunamacala amaningi okuthola isifo sikashukela kule minyaka ukwedlula ezinganeni ezincane. Kulula ukukhomba lesi sifo kubantu abasebasha uma siqhathaniswa nosanda kuzalwa ngenxa yobukhulu bezimpawu ezivelayo.

Ukuboniswa okuyinhloko:

• enursis;
• ukwanda kokuchama;
• ukuntuleka koketshezi, okugcwele isiphuzo esiningi;
• ukunciphisa umzimba
• ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla.

Ukuthuthukiswa okusebenzayo kwe-pathology kungahlala izinyanga eziyisithupha. Ngalesi sikhathi, umfundi uhambisana nokukhathala, izilonda ezithathelanayo, ukunganaki emisebenzini eminingi ayithandayo eyedlule.

Amantombazane avame ukubhekana nokungahambi kahle kokuya esikhathini futhi kuzwakale endaweni yesitho sangasese. Okuhlangenwe nakho nokucindezela okuvela ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene kunomthelela ekukhuleni ngokushesha kwesifo sikashukela.

Intsha ingathola isimo se-hypoglycemia izinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokubonakaliswa okusobala kwalesi sifo, lezo zikhathi azihambisani nokuzwakala, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, kepha zibangela isidingo esikhulu samaswidi.

Izindlela Zokuxilonga

Izindlela ezifanayo zisetshenziselwa ukuthola isifo sikashukela kubantu banoma yisiphi isigaba seminyaka.

Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

1. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Kubalulekile ukunquma izinga lamaprotheni, inani lokuzila ukudla kwe-glycemia nangemva kokuthatha isiraphu emnandi, okuyi-glucose exutywe namanzi, kanye ne-glycosylated hemoglobin.
2. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okungelona elenzelwe ukusiza ukubona amazinga e-antibody. Ukubukeka kwabo kukhombisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo sikashukela.
3. I-Urinalysis Ukubonakaliswa okucacile kwesifo sikashukela ukuba khona kwenani elikhulu le-glucose, i-acetone kanye nokuqina kwabantu. Ukuthola imiphumela enjalo kubuye kube yisikhathi sokuhlolwa okwengeziwe kwezinso, ngoba kukhona ubungozi bokulimala kwazo.
4. Ukuhlaziywa okunquma izinga le-c-peptide ye-hormone. Kubonisa inani le-insulin ekhiqizwa ama-pancreas.
5. I-pancreatography yi-X-ray yamanyikwe.
6. Ukuhlolwa kobuso besikhumba ukuze kubonakale ukuqubuka kwesifo esihlathini, ebunzini, eweni, nakweminye imirabhu ehlukahlukene.
7. I-Ultrasound ye-pancreas (ultrasound).

Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kufanele kwenziwe ngudokotela wezingane ngokususelwa ekubonisweni kwengane kwangaphandle nezimpawu ezichazwe ngabazali. Ukukhetha kwamaqhinga okwelapha sekuvele kwenziwa yi-endocrinologist, okuthi, uma kunesidingo, inganikeza izivivinyo ezingeziwe ukukhomba ubunzima besifo sikashukela.

Izinkinga nemiphumela engaba khona

Isimo esiyinhloko sokwelashwa okuphumelelayo ukuthola isinxephezelo ngalesi sifo, okubandakanya ukwenziwa kwe-glycemia. Ukuze wenze lokhu, abazali badinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela ukudla kwezingane, ukuqapha ukudla izidakamizwa okunqunywe ngudokotela futhi kuqhubeke nokwenza i-insulin. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ubunzima bungaqala.

Imiphumela emibi yomzimba ifaka:

• ukulimala kwezinhlelo nezitho zangaphakathi;
• ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo eziningi ezithathelwanayo;
• ukwenzeka komthambo kusuka ekushweni ngokweqile noma ngokuntuleka kwamazinga kashukela, kanye nangenxa yokukhula kwemizimba ye-ketone;
• umphumela obulalayo.

Izinkinga zingenzeki nje kuphela ngesimo esibi, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kokungazi, kodwa futhi ezingapheli. Izinguquko ezenzeka emzimbeni ezithinta izitho nezinhlelo ezahlukahlukene.

Izinkinga ezingapheli:

• ukulimala kwamehlo (i-retinopathy, strabismus);
• izifo ezihlangene
• i-neuropathy eyenzeka ibhekene nemvelaphi yomonakalo ohlelweni lwezinzwa;
• i-encephalopathy, ebonakala esimweni sengqondo somguli;
• i-nephropathy (ukulimala kwezinso).

Ukugcinwa ngokuqinile kwezincomo zezokwelapha, okusho ukuthi hhayi kuphela ukwelashwa, kepha nokuvimbela izinkinga, kungasiza ukuvimba ukuqala kwemiphumela enjalo.