Izinga le-insulin egazini kubantu

I-pancreas yisitho se-endocrine. Ingxenye ngayinye yayo ikhipha eyayo i-hormone, ebalulekile kumuntu.

Kumaseli we-beta womzimba, kwakhiwa i-insulin - i-hormone eyenza imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile emzimbeni.

Ukushoda kwalo, kanye nokuningi, kuholela ezifweni ezahlukahlukene.

Izincazelo nemisebenzi eyinhloko ye-insulin

Ekuqaleni, ama-pancreas ahlanganisa i-hormone engasebenzi. Ngemuva kwalokho, edlula ezigabeni eziningana, ungena esimeni esisebenzayo. I-protein protein luhlobo lokhiye lapho ushukela ungena kuzo zonke izicubu nezitho zomzimba.

I-glucose ingena ebuchosheni, amehlo, izinso, izindlala ze-adrenal nemithambo yegazi ngaphandle kwe-insulin. Uma akwanele egazini, khona-ke izitho ziqala ukucubungula ushukela ngokweqile, ngaleyo ndlela zichayeke ekucindezelekeni okuningi. Yingakho kushukela, lezi zitho zomzimba zithathwa njengezitha (okuhlosiwe) futhi zithinteka kwasekuqaleni.

Izicubu ezisele zidlulisa ushukela kuphela nge-insulin. Uma isendaweni efanele, ushukela uguqulwa ube amandla nomsipha. I-hormone ikhiqizwa ngokuqhubekayo usuku lonke, kepha ngesikhathi sokudla, ukuphuma komthamo kusesimweni esikhulu. Lokhu ukuvikela i-spikes ushukela.

Imisebenzi ye-Insulin:

1. Isiza glucose ukungena izicubu futhi akhiqize amandla.
2. Yehlisa umthwalo esibindini, ehlanganisa noshukela.
3. Ikhuthaza ukungena kwama-amino acid athile ezicutshini.
4. Ihlanganyela kumetabolism, ikakhulukazi kuma-carbohydrate metabolism.
5. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wento yi-hypoglycemic. Ngaphezu kokudla okudliwa ngabantu, umzimba ngokwawo uhlanganisa inani elikhulu lama-hormone akhulisa amazinga kashukela egazi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-adrenaline, i-hormone yokukhula, i-glucagon.

Ukuxilonga nokujwayelekile ngokuya ngeminyaka

Ukuthola izinga lamahomoni akho, kubalulekile ukulungiselela kahle umnikelo wegazi.

Ukulungiselela ukuhlaziya:

1. Igazi kumele lithathwe esiswini esingenalutho.
2. Usuku olwedlule kufanele lube isidlo sakusihlwa esilula, okungenani amahora angama-8 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
3. Ekuseni kuvunyelwe ukuphuza amanzi abilisiwe.
4. Ukuxubha nokugqwayiza akunconywa.
5. Emavikini lamabili ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, isiguli kufanele siyeke ukuthatha yonke imishanguzo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, udokotela kumele akhombise ukuthi uluphi ukwelashwa umuntu akutholayo.
6. Izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, kuyadingeka ukwenqaba ukudla okulimazayo: okunamafutha, okuthosiwe, okufakwayo nosawoti, kanye notshwala kanye nokudla okusheshayo.
7. Ngosuku olwandulela ucwaningo, udinga ukuzivikela emidlalweni nasekugcwaleleni okucindezelayo.

Umphumela otholakala lapho kuhlolwa igazi nge-insulin awunakuguqulwa ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kwegazi ushukela. Zimbili kuphela izinkomba zihlangene ezinikeza isithombe esiphelele sesimo somzimba. Kulokhu, isiguli sibhekana nokucindezelwa kanye nokuhlolwa okuvusa inkanuko.

Ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi kuzobonisa ukuthi i-insulin iphendula ngokushesha kangakanani egazini elingena egazini. Lapho kubambezelekile, kutholakala ukuthi kutholakala isifo sikashukela esisebusweni.

Lokhu kuhlola kwenziwa ngokulandelayo. Isisu esingenalutho sithatha igazi emthanjeni. Ngemuva kwalokho isiguli siphuza ushukela omsulwa. Ukuphinda kunqunywe ushukela wegazi kwenziwa 2 amahora ngemuva kokuzivocavoca.

Ithebula lokuhlola imiphumela:

Ukuhlolwa okuvusa inkanuko noma isivivinyo sokufa yindlala kuthatha isikhathi esingaphezu kosuku. Okokuqala, isiguli sinika igazi esiswini esingenalutho. Ngemuva kwalokho akadli lutho olunye usuku, futhi ngezikhathi ezithile unikeza igazi. Izinkomba ezifanayo zinqunywa kuwo wonke amasampula: i-insulin, ushukela, i-C-peptide. Kwabesifazane nabesilisa, okujwayelekile kuyefana.

Ithebula lokuhlola imiphumela yenani le-insulin egazini:

Ngabe isigaba esiphakeme sisho ini?

I-Hyperinsulinemia imvamisa ibonwa ngemuva kwesikhashana sokudla. Kodwa noma ngabe kunjalo, izinga lakhona akufanele lidlule umkhawulo ophezulu.

Izinga eliphakeme le-hormone egazini lihambisana nalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

• umuzwa ongapheli wendlala, ohambisana nokuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo;
• ukuzindla kwenhliziyo;
• ukujuluka ngokweqile;
• izandla eziqhaqhazelayo;
• ukulahleka kaningi komqondo.

Izifo ezihambisana nokwanda kwe-insulin egazini:

1. I-Insulinoma - I-benign neoplasm yamanyikwe. Ithinta iziqhingi zeLangerhans futhi ivuselela ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin ngokwengeziwe. Lapho enza ukuxilongwa okunjalo, isiguli sinqunyelwe ukwelashwa okuhlinzwa. Ngemuva kokususwa kwalesi simila, abantu abayi-8 kwabayishumi balulama ngokuphelele.
2. Ushukela Uhlobo 2 sikashukela. Isizathu esiyinhloko sokuthuthukiswa kwayo ukumelana ne-insulin. Amaseli alahlekelwa ukuzwela kwawo ku-hormone futhi akhomba kuma-pancreas ukuthi kunegazi elincanyana kuwo. Uqala ukukhipha ama-hormone amaningi, okuholela ku-hyperinsulinemia.
3. I-Acromegaly noma i-gigantism. Lesi sifo sihambisana nokukhiqizwa kwenani elikhulu le-hormone yokukhula.
4. I-Cushing's Syndrome ehambisana nezinga eliphakeme lama-glucocorticosteroids egazini, ekuphenduleni kulokhu, ama-pancreas akhiqiza inani elikhulu le-hormone yalo.
5. I-Polycystic Ovary - Isifo esibonakaliswa ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-hormonal emzimbeni, okuholela ekwandeni kwezinga le-hormone egazini. I-Hyperinsulinemia iyimbangela yesisindo ngokweqile, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-cholesterol ephezulu, kanye nokukhula kwezimila, njengoba i-hormone ikhuthaza ukukhula kwabo.
6. Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile Kwezinye izimo, kunzima ukuthola ukuthi lesi sifo singumphumela wezinga eliphakeme le-hormone egazini noma imbangela yaso. Uma ekuqaleni kunenani elikhulu le-insulin egazini, umuntu uzwa umuzwa wokulamba, adle kakhulu futhi kulokhu uthola isisindo ngokweqile. Kwabanye abantu, ukukhuluphala kuholela ekuphikiseni i-insulin, ngenxa yokuthi i-hyperinsulinemia iba khona.
7. Isifo sesibindi.
8. Ukukhulelwa Ungaqhubeka ngaphandle kwezinkinga, kodwa ngokudla okwandayo.
9. I-Fructose ne-Galactose Intoleranceifa.

Uma i-hyperinsulinemia itholakele, udinga ukubheka imbangela yalesi simo, ngoba awukho umuthi ozokwehlisa izinga le-hormone.

Ukuze unciphise inkomba, kunconywa:

• udle izikhathi ezimbili ngosuku ngaphandle kokudla;
• hlela usuku lokuzila kanye kanye ngesonto;
• khetha ukudla okulungile, sebenzisa ukudla okunenkomba ye-glycemic ephansi naphakathi kuphela;
• ukusebenza ngokomzimba okunengqondo;
• i-fiber kufanele ibe khona ekudleni.

Imiphumela yokuntuleka kwehomoni

Kukhona ukusilela ngokuphelele kwe-insulin. Ukuswelakala ngokuphelele kusho ukuthi i-pancreas ayakhiqizi i-hormone futhi umuntu uba nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1.

Ukuntuleka kokuhlobene kuphuma lapho i-hormone esegazini ikhona ngesilinganiso esijwayelekile noma ngisho nangaphezu kokujwayelekile, kepha ayithakwa ngamangqamuzana omzimba.

I-Hypoinsulinemia ikhombisa ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Ngalesi sifo, iziqhingi zeLangerhans zepancreas ziyathinteka, okuholela ekunciphiseni noma ekunqumeni kokukhiqizwa kwama-hormone. Lesi sifo aselapheki. Ngokuphila okujwayelekile, iziguli zinikezwa imijovo yokuphila isikhathi eside ye-insulin.

Izimbangela ze-hypoinsulinemia:

1. Izici zofuzo.
2. Ukuhlukumeza. Ukudla njalo izinto ezibhakiwe namaswidi kungaholela ekwehlekeni kokukhiqizwa kwama-hormone.
3. Izifo ezithathelwanayo. Ezinye izifo zinomphumela obhubhisayo eziqhingini zeLangerhans, okuholela ekunciphiseni kokukhiqizwa kwama-hormone.
4. Ukuxineka I-overexcitation yesibindi ihambisana nokusetshenziswa kakhulu kweshukela, ngakho-ke i-insulin egazini ingawa.

Izinhlobo ze-Artificial Insulin

Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zinqunyelwe ukuphathwa kwe-hormone okungaqondakali.

Zonke zihlukaniswe ngokuya ngesikhathi sokusebenza:

• I-Degludec ibhekisele kuma-insulin ama-Ultra-long, ahlala amahora angama-42;
• I-Glargin inesenzo eside futhi ihlala kusuka emahoreni angama-20 kuye kwangama-36;
• I-Humulin NPH neBazal izidakamizwa zesikhathi esiphakathi, umphumela wazo uqala amahora ama-1-3 kuphela ngemuva kokujova futhi uphela ngemuva kwamahora ayi-14.

Le mishanguzo ibhekwa njengesisekelo ekwelashweni kwesifo sikashukela. Ngamanye amagama, isiguli sinqunywe umuthi ofanele, ozowufaka kanye noma kabili ngosuku. Lemijovo ayihlobene nokudla kokudla.

Ukudla, isiguli sidinga imijovo yesikhashana emfushane ne-ultrashort:

1. Eyokuqala ifaka i-Actrapid NM, i-Insuman Rapid. Ngemuva komjovo, i-hormone iqala ukusebenza ngemizuzu engama-30-45, bese iphetha umsebenzi wayo ngemuva kwamahora angama-8.
2. Imijovo ye-Ultrashort uHumalog neNovorapid baqala isenzo sabo imizuzu embalwa ngemuva komjovo futhi basebenze amahora ama-4 kuphela.

Manje, ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, kusetshenziswa izidakamizwa zesikhathi eside nezenzo ze-ultrashort. Ukujova kokuqala esigulini kufanele kube nje ngemuva kokuvuswa - isenzo sesikhathi eside. Kwesinye isikhathi abantu badlulisa lojovo ngesidlo sasemini noma kusihlwa, kuya ngempilo nokuzwela komuntu ngamunye.

I-insulin emfushane inqunywe ngaphambi kokudla okuyinhloko, amahlandla ama-3 ngosuku. Umthamo ubalwa ngamunye esigulini ngasinye. Isiguli sikashukela kufanele sikwazi ukubala kahle isibalo samayunithi esinkwa kanye nenkomba ye-glycemic, futhi kudingeka sazi isilinganiso se-insulin engxenyeni eyodwa yesinkwa.

Kukholelwa ukuthi ukufunwa okuphezulu kwama-hormone ekuseni, futhi kusihlwa kuyancishiswa. Kepha ungathathi la mazwi njenge-axiom. Ngakho-ke, umzimba womuntu ngamunye ungumuntu ngamunye, umuntu ogulayo ngokwakhe kufanele abhekane nokukhethwa komthamo kanye ne-endocrinologist. Ukuze utadishe ngokushesha umzimba wakho futhi ukhethe umthamo ofanele, udinga ukugcina idayari yokuzithiba.

Wonke umuntu kufanele anakekele impilo yakhe yedwa. Ngempilo enhle, ukuhlolwa kufanele kwenziwe kanye ngonyaka. Uma kwenzeka kunezimpawu zesifo, kufanele uthintane nodokotela ngokushesha ukuze ahlolwe. Ukuxilongwa ngesikhathi kuzosiza ukugcina impilo futhi kuvikele ukukhula kwezinkinga ezinkulu.