Lapho usebenzisa izidakamizwa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda imigomo yokusebenza kwabo. Noma yisiphi isidakamizwa singaba yingozi uma sisetshenziswa ngokungafanele. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngezidakamizwa ezisetshenziswa kuma-pathologies athwala ingozi yokubulawa.
Lokhu kufaka phakathi imithi esekwe kwi-insulin. Phakathi kwabo kukhona i-insulin ebizwa ngokuthi i-Aspart. Udinga ukwazi izimfanelo ze-hormone ukuze ukwelashwa nayo kusize kakhulu.
Imininingwane ejwayelekile
Igama lokuhweba lalesi sidakamizwa yiNovoRapid. Kungokwenombolo yama-insulin ngesenzo esifushane, kusiza ekwehliseni inani loshukela egazini.
Odokotela balunikeza ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin. Into esebenzayo yesidakamizwa yi-insulin Aspart. Le nto ifana kakhulu nezakhiwo zayo kuma-hormone abantu, yize ikhiqizwa ngamakhemikhali.
I-Aspart iyatholakala ngesimo sesisombululo esikhonjiswa ngokungaziphathi kahle noma ngaphakathi. Lesi yisisombululo esinezigaba ezimbili (i-soluble insulin Aspart kanye ne-protamine amakristalu).
Ngaphezu kwento esemqoka, izifunda zayo zihlanganisa:
- amanzi
- phenol;
- i-sodium chloride;
- glycerol;
- i-hydrochloric acid;
- i-sodium hydroxide;
- i-zinc;
- metacresol;
- i-sodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate.
I-Insulin Aspart isatshalaliswa ku-10 ml vials. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuvunyelwe kuphela njengoba kuchazwe udokotela ohambayo futhi ngokuya ngemiyalo.
Izici ze-Pharmacological
I-Asparta inethonya le-hypoglycemic. Kwenzeka lapho isakhi esisebenzayo sisebenzisana nama-insulin receptors kumaseli we-adipose izicubu nemisipha.
Lokhu kusiza ukusheshisa ukuthutha kwe-glucose phakathi kwamaseli, okunciphisa ukugxila kwayo egazini. Ngenxa yalo muthi, izicubu zomzimba zisebenzisa ushukela ngokushesha. Okunye ukuqondisa umphumela womuthi ukwehlisa inqubo yokukhiqiza ushukela esibindini.
Umuthi uvusa i-glycogenogeneis ne-lipogeneis. Futhi, lapho isetshenziswa, amaprotheni akhiqizwa ngenkuthalo.
Ihlukaniswa ukwanda okusheshayo. Ngemuva kokuthi umjovo wenziwe, izakhi ezisebenzayo zimunwa amaseli wezicubu zomsipha. Le nqubo iqala imizuzu eyi-10-20 ngemuva komjovo. Umphumela onamandla kakhulu ungatholakala ngemuva kwamahora we-1.5-2. Isikhathi somphumela wezidakamizwa ngokujwayelekile cishe singamahora angama-5.
Imiyalo yokusebenzisa
Umuthi ungasetshenziselwa uhlobo 1 lwesifo sikashukela. Kodwa lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kuphela njengoba kuyalelwe udokotela. Uchwepheshe kufanele afunde isithombe sesi sifo, athole izici zomzimba wesiguli abese encoma izindlela ezithile zokwelashwa.
Ngohlobo 1 sikashukela, lesi sidakamizwa kwesinye isikhathi sisetshenziswa njengendlela eyinhloko yokwelapha. Ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, kunqunywa ngokungabikho kwemiphumela yokwelashwa ngama-ejenti omlomo we-hypoglycemic.
Ungawusebenzisa kanjani umuthi, onqunywe ngudokotela. Ubuye abale isilinganiso somuthi, ngokuyisisekelo kungu-0,5-1 UNITS nge-1 kg yesisindo. Isibalo sisuselwa ekuhlolweni kwegazi kokuqukethwe ushukela. Isiguli kufanele sihlaziye isimo sayo bese sibika noma yiziphi izehlakalo ezimbi kudokotela ukuze aguqule inani lemithiyo ngesikhathi esifanele.
Lesi sidakamizwa senzelwe ukuphatha okungaqondakali. Kwesinye isikhathi imijovo engenayo inganikezwa, kepha lokhu kwenziwa kuphela ngosizo lodokotela.
Ukwethulwa kwezidakamizwa kuvame ukwenziwa kanye ngosuku, ngaphambi kokudla noma ngokushesha emva kwawo. Imijovo kufanele ibekwe ehlombe, udonga lwesibeletho lwangaphandle noma izindwani. Ukuze uvimbele ukwenzeka kwe-lipodystrophy, isikhathi ngasinye lapho udinga ukukhetha indawo entsha ngaphakathi kwendawo eqanjwe ngegama.
Isifundo sevidiyo yesirinji-ekuphatheni kwe-insulin:
Contraindication kanye nemikhawulo
Ngokuphathelene nanoma yisiphi isidakamizwa, ukuphikisana kumele kubhekwe ukuze kungaqhubeki kube yimbi inhlalakahle yomuntu. Ngokuqokwa kwe-Aspart, lokhu kuyasebenza futhi. Umuthi lo unezimpawu ezimbalwa zokuphikisana.
Phakathi kokuqina kakhulu i-hypersensitivity kuzakhi zomuthi. Okunye okwenqatshelwe unyaka omncane wesiguli. Uma isifo sikashukela singaphansi kweminyaka engu-6 ubudala, kufanele wenqabe ukuthatha leli khambi, ngoba akwaziwa ukuthi kuzowuthinta kanjani umzimba wezingane.
Kukhona futhi nokulinganiselwa. Uma isiguli sinomkhuba we-hypoglycemia, kufanele kuqashelwe. Umthamo ngoba kubalulekile ukwehlisa nokulawula inkambo yokwelashwa. Uma kutholakala izimpawu ezingezinhle, kungcono ukwenqaba ukuphuza umuthi.
Umthamo nawo udinga ukuguqulwa lapho unquma umuthi kubantu asebekhulile. Izinguquko ezihlobene nobudala emizimbeni yabo zingaholela ekuphazamisweni ekusebenzeni kwezitho zangaphakathi, yingakho umphumela wezidakamizwa ushintsha.
Kungashiwo okufanayo ngeziguli ezine-pathologies esibindini nasezinso, ngenxa yokuthi i-insulin idonswa yimbi kakhulu, engadala i-hypoglycemia. Aku kwenqatshelwe ukusebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa kubantu abanjalo, kepha umthamo wayo kufanele wehliswe, futhi namazinga kashukela kufanele ahlolwe njalo.
Umphumela wesidakamizwa okukhulunywa ngaso ngokukhulelwa awucwaningwanga. Ezifundweni zezilwane, ukusabela okungekuhle okuvela kule nto kwavela kuphela ngokufakwa komthamo omkhulu. Ngakho-ke, kwesinye isikhathi ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuvunyelwe. Kodwa lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngaphansi kokuqashwa eduze kwabasebenzi bezokwelapha nangokulungiswa komthamo oqhubekayo.
Lapho usuthisa ingane ngobisi lwebele, i-Aspart nayo iyasetshenziswa kwesinye isikhathi - uma inzuzo kumama ibona ubungozi obuningi enganeni.
Akukho lwazi ngqo olutholakele ocwaningweni lokuthi ukwakheka kwalesi sidakamizwa kulithinta kanjani ikhwalithi yobisi lwebele.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinyathelo zokuphepha kumele zithathwe lapho usebenzisa lo muthi.
Imiphumela emibi
Ukusetshenziswa kwomuthi uwonke kungabizwa ngokuthi kuphephile ezigulini. Kepha uma kwenzeka kungahambelani nemiyalelo yezokwelashwa, futhi ngenxa yezimpawu zomzimba womuntu ogulayo, imiphumela emibi ingavela ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwayo.
Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- I-Hypoglycemia. Kubangela inani le-insulin ngokweqile emzimbeni, yingakho amazinga kashukela wegazi eyehla kakhulu. Lokhu kuphambuka kuyingozi enkulu, ngoba uma kungekho ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufika ngesikhathi, isiguli sibhekene nokufa.
- Ukuphendula kwendawo. Zivela njengokucasulwa noma komzimba ezindaweni zomjovo. Izici zabo eziphambili ukwalusa, ukuvuvukala nokubomvu.
- Ukuphazamiseka okubukwayo. Zingaba zesikhashana, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ngenxa yokuthola i-insulin ngokweqile, umbono wesiguli ungawohloka kakhulu, okuyinto engenakuphikwa.
- I-Lipodystrophy. Ukuvela kwayo kuhlotshaniswa nokuphulwa kokutholwa kwesidakamizwa esikhokhelwayo. Ukuyivimba, ochwepheshe batusa ukujova ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene.
- Allergy. Ukuvezwa kwayo kuhlukahlukene kakhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi zinzima kakhulu futhi zisongela impilo esigulini.
Kuzona zonke lezi zimo, kuyadingeka ukuthi udokotela enze ukuhlolwa futhi aguqule umthamo womuthi noma awuqede ngokuphelele.
Ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa, i-overdose, i-analogues
Lapho uthatha noma yimuphi umuthi, kuyadingeka ukwazisa udokotela oholayo ngabo, ngoba eminye imithi akufanele isetshenziswe ndawonye.
Kwezinye izimo, ukuqaphela kungadingeka - ukuqapha kanye nokuhlaziywa okuqhubekayo. Kungenzeka kube nesidingo sokulungiswa komthamo.
Umthamo we-Aspart insulin kufanele wehliswe ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngezidakamizwa ezinjengokuthi:
- izidakamizwa ze-hypoglycemic;
- izidakamizwa eziqukethe utshwala;
- ama-anabolic steroid;
- Ama-inhibitors e-ACE;
- ama-tetracyclines;
- ama-sulfonamides;
- I-Fenfluramine;
- I-Pyridoxine;
- Theophylline.
Le mishanguzo ivuselela umsebenzi wesidakamizwa okukhulunywa ngaso, yingakho inqubo yokusebenzisa ushukela igxila emzimbeni womuntu. Uma umthamo ungancishisiwe, i-hypoglycemia ingavela.
Ukwehla kokusebenza kwomuthi kuyabonakala lapho kuhlanganiswa nezindlela ezilandelayo:
- ama-thiuretics;
- i-sympathomimetics;
- ezinye izinhlobo zemithi yokulwa namagciwane;
- izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo ze-hormonal;
- glucocorticosteroids.
Lapho uzisebenzisa, ukulungiswa komthamo kuyadingeka phezulu.
Kukhona nezidakamizwa ezingakhulisa futhi zinciphise ukusebenza kwalesi sidakamizwa. Lokhu kufaka i-salicylates, i-beta-blockers, i-reserpine, imithi equkethe i-lithium.
Ngokuvamile, lezi zimali zizama ukungazihlanganisi ne-Aspart insulin. Uma le nhlanganisela ingenakugwenywa, bobabili udokotela kanye nesiguli kufanele baqaphele ikakhulukazi mayelana nokuvela okwenzeka emzimbeni.
Uma umuthi usetshenziswa njengoba unconywe ngudokotela, kungenzeka ukuthi kungenzeka kusetshenziswe i-overdose kakhulu. Imvamisa izehlakalo ezingemnandi zihambisana nokungaziphathi kahle kwesiguli uqobo, yize kwesinye isikhathi inkinga ingaba sezimpawu zomzimba.
Uma kwenzeka kweqisa ngokweqile, i-hypoglycemia yobunzima obuhlukahlukene ihlala ivela. Kwezinye izimo, uswidi omnandi noma isipuni sikashukela singakhulula izimpawu zaso.
Isidingo sokufaka esikhundleni i-Aspart singenzeka ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene: ukungabekezelelani, imiphumela emibi, ukuphikisana noma ukuphazamiseka kokusebenzisa.
Udokotela angakwazi ukufaka leli khambi ngemishanguzo elandelayo:
- I-Protafan. Isisekelo sayo yi-insulin Isofan. Umuthi ukumiswa okufanele uphathwe ngokungaziphathi.
- Ama-Novomiks. Umuthi ususelwa ku-insulin Aspart. Kwenziwa njengokumiswa kokuphathwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba.
- I-Apidra. Umuthi yisixazululo somjovo. Isithako sayo esisebenzayo yi-insulin glulisin.
Ngaphezu kwezidakamizwa ezijova, udokotela angakwazi ukunquma futhi adle izidakamizwa. Kepha ukukhetha kufanele kube ngechwepheshe ukuze kungabikho zinkinga zempilo ezingezekile.
