I-Insulin Humulin NPH: imiyalo, izifaniso, izibuyekezo

Indlela yokusebenza ye-insulin Humulin NPH

Umphumela we-pharmacological ukwehla kwe-glucose yegazi ngenxa yokwanda kokuthathwa kwayo ngamaseli nezicubu ezisebenzisa uHumulin NPH. Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, ukukhiqizwa kwe-pancreatic insulin hormone kuyancishiswa, okudinga ukwelashwa kwe-hormone. Umuthi ukhulisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-glucose ngamaseli adinga umsoco. I-insulin isebenzisana nama-receptors akhethekile ngaphezulu kwamaseli, evusa izinqubo eziningi ze-biochemical, ezibandakanya, ikakhulukazi, ukwakheka kwe-hexokinase, i-pyruvate kinase, i-glycogen synthetase. Ukuhanjiswa kwe-glucose kwezicubu kusuka egazini kuyakhuphuka, lapho iba yingcosana.

Izici ze-Pharmacological

• Umphumela wokwelapha uqala ihora ngemuva komjovo.
• Umphumela wehlisela ushukela uthatha cishe amahora angama-18.
• Umphumela omkhulu ukwedlula amahora ama-2 aze afike emahoreni angama-8 kusukela esikhathini sokuphatha.

Lokhu kuhluka esikhathini sokusebenza komuthi kuncike endaweni yokuphathwa kokumiswa nomsebenzi wezimoto wesiguli. Lezi zakhiwo kufanele zibhekwe lapho kunikezwa irejimeni yemithamo kanye nemvamisa yokuphatha. Ngokunikezwa kokuqala kwesikhathi eside komphumela, i-Humulin NPH inqunywe kanye ne-insulin emfushane ne-ultrashort.

Ukusatshalaliswa kanye nokuphuma emzimbeni kusuka emzimbeni:

• I-Insulin Humulin NPH ayingene ekuvinjelweni kwe-hematoplacental futhi ayikhishwa emithanjeni yezilwane ezincelisayo ngobisi.
• Kwenziwe engangeni esibindini nezinso ngokusebenzisa i-insulinase ye-enzyme.
• Ukuqeda umuthi ikakhulukazi ezinso.

Izinkomba, ama-contraindication kanye nemiphumela emibi

I-Humulin NPH yakhelwe ukulawula ushukela wegazi kwiziguli ezinesifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin, kanye nokuvela kokuqala kwe-hyperglycemia kwabesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Contraindication:

• hypersensitivity kulo muthi nezakhi zawo;
• ukwehla kwe-glucose ngaphansi kwe-3.3 - 5.5 mmol / l egazini.

Ukusabela okuhle okungafuneki kufaka phakathi:

• I-hypoglycemia iyinkimbinkimbi eyingozi engenayo i-dosing enganele. Iziveza njengokulahlekelwa ukwazi, okungadidaniswa ne-hyperglycemic coma;
• ukubonakaliswa komzimba endaweni yokujova (ubomvu, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala);
• ukujaha;
• ukuphefumula
• hypotension;
• i-urticaria;
• i-tachycardia;
• lipodystrophy - atrophy yendawo yamafutha angaphansi.

Imithetho ejwayelekile yokusetshenziswa

1. Umuthi kufanele uphathwe ngaphansi kwesikhumba sehlombe, okhalweni, ama-buttocks noma odongeni lwangaphakathi lwesisu, futhi kwesinye isikhathi umjovo we-intramuscular nawo kungenzeka.
2. Ngemuva komjovo, akufanele ucindezele ngokuqinile futhi wenze indawo yokuhlasela.
3. Kuyenqatshelwa ukusebenzisa umuthi ngentambo.
4. Umthamo ukhethiwe ngamunye yi-endocrinologist futhi usekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kwegazi ushukela.

I-algorithm yokulawulwa kwe-insulin uHumulin NPH

Ukulungiselela:

• I-Humulin ezimpondweni kufanele ixutshwe ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa ngokunqamula i-vial phakathi kwezandla kuze kuvele umbala wobisi. Unganyakazisi, ugwebu, noma usebenzise i-insulin ngensalela edonsa emanzini odongeni lwevial.
• I-Humulin NPH kumakherubhi hhayi nje ukuhambisa phakathi kwezintende, ukuphinda ukunyakaza amahlandla ayi-10, kodwa futhi nokuxubana, ukuguqula ngobumnene ikhareji. Qinisekisa ukuthi i-insulin ilungele ukuphathwa ngokuhlola ukuvumelana nombala. Kufanele kube nokuqukethwe okufanayo ngombala wobisi. Futhi musa ukushukumisa noma ukuthoba umuthi. Musa ukusebenzisa ikhambi nge-cereal noma sediment. Amanye ama-insulin awakwazi ukufakwa kwi-cartridge futhi awakwazi ukugcwaliswa futhi.
• Ipeni lesirinji liqukethe i-3 ml ye-insulin-isophan ngethamo le-100 IU / ml. Ngomjovo owodwa, faka akukho ngaphezu kwe-60 IU. Idivayisi ivumela i-metering ngokunemba okufika ku-1 IU. Qiniseka ukuthi inaliti inamathele ngokuqinile kudivayisi.

- Geza izandla usebenzisa insipho, ubaphathe nge-antiseptic.

- Nquma esizeni somjovo bese welapha isikhumba ngesisombululo se-antiseptic.

- Enye indawo yokujova ukuze indawo efanayo isetshenziswe kungabi njalo ngenyanga.

Izici zokusetshenziswa kwepeni yesirinji yento

1. Susa ikepisi ngokuyikhipha kunokuba uyijikele.
2. Hlola i-insulin, impilo yeshalofu, ukuthungwa nombala.
3. Lungisa inaliti yesirinji njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla.
4. Skena inaliti uze uqine.
5. Susa izimbotshana ezimbili ngenaliti. Ngaphandle - ungalahli.
6. Hlola ukuphuza i-insulin.
7. Ukugoqa isikhumba nokufaka inaliti ngaphansi kwesikhumba engela kwama-degree angama-45.
8. Yethula i-insulin ngokubamba inkinobho ngesithupha sakho ize ime, ibala kancane ngokwengqondo ukuya ku-5.
9. Ngemuva kokususa inaliti, faka ibhola lotshwala endaweni yomjovo ngaphandle kokuhlikihla noma ukuchoboza isikhumba. Imvamisa, iconsi le-insulin lingahlala esicongweni senaliti, kepha hhayi ukuvuza kulo, okusho ukuthi umthamo ophelele.
10. Vala inaliti nge-cap yangaphandle bese uyilahla.

Ukusebenzisana okungaba khona nezinye izidakamizwa

Izidakamizwa ezikhulisa umphumela weHumulin:

• ama-ejenti abekwe etafuleni;
• ama-antidepressants - ama-monoamine oxidase inhibitors;
• izidakamizwa ze-hypotonic ezivela eqenjini le-ACE inhibitors kanye ne-beta-blockers;
• i-carbonic anhydrase inhibitors;
• imidazoles;
• imishanguzo ye-tetracycline;
• amalungiselelo e-lithium;
• Amavithamini e-B;
• theophylline;
• izidakamizwa eziqukethe utshwala.

Izidakamizwa ezivimbela isenzo se-insulin ye-insulin:

• amaphilisi okulawula ukuzala;
• glucocorticosteroids;
• ama-hormone egilo;
• okokugcobisa;
• ama-anticepressants ama-tricyclic;
• ama-ejenti enza kusebenze uhlelo lozwela lokuzwela;
• ama-calcium blockers;
• ama-analcics we-narcotic.

Analogs of Humulin

Ukubuyekezwa kwezidakamizwa ze-insulin-isophan antidiabetic:

Bengifuna ukwenza ukulungisa - kwenqatshelwe ukuphatha i-insulin isikhathi eside ngomuthi!

Imiyalo ekhethekile yokusebenzisa

Umuthi kufanele unqunywe ngudokotela kuphela. Shiya emakhemisi ngomuthi kadokotela. Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngeHumulin NPH, ukuqapha njalo kwamazinga kashukela kuyadingeka. Lapho kukhona izifo ezihlangene - xhumana nodokotela ukuze uthole ukulungiswa kwamthamo.