I-NovoRapid Penfill iyi-ejenti eyenzelwe ngokwenziwa i-hypoglycemic esekwe kwi-insulin aspart. Lokhu kokugcina kwehluka nge-insulin yomuntu yemvelo ngokuba khona kwe-aspartic acid esigaxeni sombhaki esifaka esikhundleni se-proline. Lokhu kuguqulwa kwamangqamuzana kunciphise isikhathi sokufeza umphumela wokwelapha kanye nesikhathi somuthi, yingakho kunconywa ukuthi uphuze umuthi ngaphambi kokudla.
Igama Lezwe elingafanele
I-insulin aspart.
I-ATX
A10AB05.
Umuthi wenziwa ngendlela yesisombululo sokuphatha ngokunqenqema nangokuyimfihlo, ama-cartridge afakwa emigqonyeni enamabala ama-5 ama-pcs.
Khipha amafomu nokwakheka
Umuthi wenziwa ngendlela yesisombululo sokuphatha ngokufihlakala nangaphakathi. Ngokungabonakali, uketshezi olucacile, olungenamphunga futhi olungenamibala. I-1 ml yesidakamizwa iqukethe i-100 IU yento esebenzayo, ehambelana ne-3500 μg. Njengoba kusetshenziswa izingxenye ezengeziwe:
- glycerol;
- i-hydrochloric acid;
- i-sodium hydroxide;
- amanzi angcolile wokujova;
- phenol;
- i-zinc ne-sodium chloride;
- i-sodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate;
- metacresol.
Umuthi uqukethe ku-3 ml ingilazi yama-cartridge. Ama-Cartridges abekwe emigqonyeni enamakhaza ama-5 ama-pcs.
Isenzo se-Pharmacological
I-insulin aspart iyi-analogue yokwenziwa ye-hormone yomuntu eyemukelwa amaseli we-beta wamanyikwe. Ehlelweni lokukhiqiza esakhiweni samangqamuzana se-insulin, i-proline ithathelwa indawo yi-aspartic acid, ngaleyo ndlela inciphise isikhathi sokufeza umphumela wokwelapha.
I-NovoRapid Penfill iyi-ejenti eyenzelwe ngokwenziwa i-hypoglycemic esekwe kwi-insulin aspart.
I-hormone yokwenziwa ixhumana nama-receptors akhiwe ngaphandle kwangaphandle kolwelwesi. Ngale ndlela yokusebenzisana, kwenziwa i-insulin-receptor tata ekhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwe-hexokinase, i-enzyme ebhekele ukwakheka kwe-glycogen, ne-pyruvate kinase.
Umphumela we-hypoglycemic kungenxa yokusheshisa komzimba kwe-glucose intracellular kanye nokumunca ushukela ngama-tishu, ukwanda kwe-lipogenesis nokwakheka kwe-glycogen, kanye nokwehla kwe-gluconeogenesis ku-hepatocytes yesibindi. Izici ze-pharmacological zento esebenzayo ziyafana ne-insulin yemvelo yomuntu. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, izinga lokufezeka komphumela wokwelapha ku-NovoRapid Penfill liphezulu.
I-insulin aspart ibanjelwa kusuka kungqimba lwamafutha we-dermis lapho iselawulwa ngokushesha futhi ifezekisa umphumela we-hypoglycemic ngesikhathi esifushane kune-insulin yomuntu.
I-Pharmacokinetics
Ngokwethulwa kweNovoRapid ngokungabonakali, isikhathi sokufinyelela ekugxileni kwe-plasma ephezulu egazini sincishiswa izikhathi ezi-2 ngokuqhathaniswa nokuphathwa okujwayelekile kwe-insulin encibilikayo. Amanani aphezulu aqoshwa kungakapheli imizuzu engama-40 ngemuva kokuba umjovo udilivwe. Iqoqo le-insulin egazini libuyela kumanani alo okuqala ngemuva kwamahora angama-4-6 ngemuva kokuphathwa komuthi. Ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela esingeyona i-insulin, isilinganiso sokumuncisa siphansi, yingakho isikhathi sokufika kwe-plasma yokuhlushwa kwe-aspart insulin ifinyelela imizuzu engama-60.
Izinkomba zokusetshenziswa
Umuthi usetshenziselwa ukufezekisa ukulawulwa kwe-glycemic futhi wenze noshukela wegazi ube ngokwejwayelekile lapho kukhona uhlobo 1 lwesifo sikashukela. Endabeni yokugcina, lesi sidakamizwa sidalulwa ekuthuthukiseni ukumelana ngokuphelele nemithi yomlomo ye-hypoglycemic. Ukumelana ngokwengxenye kudinga ukufakwa kweNovoRapid ekwelashweni kokuhlanganiswa.
Umuthi i-NovoRapid uvunyelwe ngokuphelele izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-2 ubudala.
Umuthi usetshenziswa lapho kungenzeki ukuchaza amanye ama-hypoglycemic agents aqhathaniswa nesizinda sokuqalwa kwesifo esenzeka ngasikhathi sinye - inqubo ye-pathological eyinkimbinkimbi ngokuvela kwesifo esingesibili.
Contraindication
Umuthi uvunyelwe ngokuqinile lapho kukhona i-hypoglycemia futhi ukwanda ukutholakala kwengxenye esebenzayo, izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-2 ubudala.
Ngokunakekela
Kunconywa ukuthi uqaphele abantu abasebenza ngokungalungile kwesibindi, lapho kukhona ama-neoplasms abuhlungu, kanye nabantu asebekhulile abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-65.
Ungayithatha kanjani i-NovoRapid Penfill?
Umuthi uphathwa ngokungaziphathi noma ngemithambo yegazi. Umthamo wansuku zonke weNovoRapid unqunywa udokotela ohamba yedwa ngokuhambisana nezinga loshukela nezidingo zansuku zonke ze-insulin. Kunconywa ukufaka umuthi ekwelashweni lokuhlanganisa nemithi ye-hypoglycemic yesikhathi esilinganiselwe noma eside, esithathwa kanye ngosuku.
Ukufeza ukulawulwa kwe-glycemic okudingekile, kuyadingeka ukukala izinkomba ze-glucose ejwayelekile, kuya ngokuthi irejimeni yedosi izolungiswa kanjani.
Ungawenza kanjani umjovo?
Awukwazi ukufaka umuthi nge-intramuscularly. Kunconywa ukuthi ushintshe indawo yomjovo ngomjovo ngamunye ukuze unciphise amathuba ezimpawu zasolwandle nezilonda kule ndawo.
Ngokuzelapha, i-insulin ilawulwa ngokungaziphathi. Ukufakwa kwe-IV kwenziwa ngaphansi kokuqashwa kukachwepheshe wezokwelapha. Ukuze wenze umjovo we-sc, kuyadingeka ukulandela i-algorithm ethuthukisiwe:
- Kuyadingeka ukubamba inaliti ngaphansi kwesikhumba okungenani imizuzwana eyi-6 ngokucindezela inkinobho yokuqala (kukhishwa ngemuva kokukhipha inaliti). Le ndlela izohlinzeka ngokuphathwa kwe-100% yomthamo we-insulin futhi izovimba negazi ukuthi lingangeni kwi-cartridge.
- Izinaliti zisetshenziselwa kuphela. Ngokuphathwa okuphindaphindiwe kwe-insulin ngenalithi eyodwa, isisombululo singavuza kusuka ku-cartridge, ngoba umzimba uzothola umthamo ongafanele we-hormone.
- Ungagcwalisi futhi ibhokisi.
Kunconywa ukuthi ngaso sonke isikhathi uphathe uhlelo lomjovo we-sapure uma ulahleka kwebhokisi lebhokisi noma kulimala ngomshini.
Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela
Isidingo se-insulin ngosuku kwiziguli ezindala nezingane ziyahlukahluka kusuka ku-0,5 kuya ku-1 unit yemithi nge-1 kg yesisindo. Ngokufakwa kwesidakamizwa ngaphambi kokudla, umzimba uthola 50-70% womthamo odingekayo we-pancreatic hormone. Lokhu kubuye kubuyiswe ngumzimba noma ezinye izidakamizwa ezisebenza kancane. Ngokwanda komsebenzi womzimba, ushintsho ekudleni, ukuba khona kwezifo zesibili, ukulungiswa komthamo kuyadingeka.
I-insulin aspart, ngokungafani nencibilikisi ye-insulin yomuntu, inejubane elikhulu nezenzo ezimfushane, ngakho-ke lo muthi unconywa ukuthi uphathwe ngaphambi kokudla. Ngenxa yesikhathi esiphansi sokwenza, amathuba we-hypoglycemia yasebusuku ancishisiwe.
Ukuphathwa kwe-intravenous ezimeni zokuma, kuyadingeka ukulungiselela i-dropper.
Ukuphathwa kwe-intravenous ezimeni zokuma, kuyadingeka ukulungiselela i-dropper. Ukulungiswa kokumiswa kuqukethe ukufaka i-UNITS engu-100 ye-NovoRapid kwisisombululo se-isotonic se-0.9% seSodium chloride ukuze ukugcotshwa kwe-insulin aspart kuyehluka kusuka ku-0.05 kuya ku-1 UNITS / ml.
Imiphumela emibi uNovoRapida Penfill
Imiphumela emibi ikhula ezimweni eziningi ngenxa yohlobo olungafanele lwe-dosing. Ukunciphisa ubungozi be-hypoglycemia, kuyadingeka ukukhetha umthamo ngqo weNovoRapid.
Kusuka emasosheni omzimba
Mhlawumbe ukubonakala kwe-urticaria, ukuqubuka esikhunjeni, ukusabela kwe-anaphylactic.
Engxenyeni ye-metabolism kanye nokudla okunempilo
Ingozi enkulu ye-hypoglycemia ngomthamo ongafanele.
Isistimu yezinzwa ephakathi
Ezimweni ezingavamile, kwenzeka i-peripheral nerve polyneuropathy.
Engxenyeni yesitho sombono
Ukulimazeka okubonakalayo kubonakala enkingeni yokuphinda kuvuse noma ukuthuthukiswa kwe-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela.
Kusuka ohlelweni lokuphefumula
Kwezinye izimo, ukuphefumula komoya kuyabonakala.
Engxenyeni yesikhumba
Mhlawumbe ukuthuthukiswa kwe-lipodystrophy.
Allergies
Ezimweni ezihlukile, kunezimo zokungezwani komzimba ezijwayelekile, ezihambisana nokuqubuka kanye nokulunywa, ukuqunjelwa, ukukhuphuka kokujuluka, i-edema kaQuincke, i-tachycardia, ukuqina komqondo Ukuphendula kwe-Anaphylactoid kusongela impilo esigulini.
Umthelela ekhonweni lokulawula izindlela
Ngokulahleka kokulawulwa kwe-glycemic, kuhambisane ne-hypoglycemia noma i-hyperglycemia, amandla okugxila akhubazekile futhi ijubane le-reflexes liyancipha. Lokhu kungaba yingozi lapho ushayela noma usingatha imishini eyinkimbinkimbi.
Ukuthatha i-NovoRapid Penfill kungaba yingozi lapho ushayela.
Imiyalo ekhethekile
Ngomthamo ophansi we-insulin noma ukuhoxiswa kwezokwelapha, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hypoglycemia ne-ketoacidosis kungenzeka ngokumelene nesizinda sokwanda kokuxineka kwemizimba ye-ketone noshukela ku-plasma yegazi, ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-1. I-Hyperglycemia ingenzeka kancane kancane phakathi nesonto. Izimpawu zokuqala zokuthuthuka kwenqubo ye-pathological zizoba:
- umlomo owomile
- ukozela
- ubomvu esikhunjeni;
- i-polyuria;
- indlala enkulu;
- isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, nokoma;
- iphunga le-acetone ephuma emlonyeni.
Isici se-pharmacokinetics ye-insulin ebambela amafushane ukukhula okusheshayo kwe-hypoglycemia, ngokuqhathanisa ne-insulin yomuntu e-soluble.
Ezigulini ezinenkinga yokusebenza kwesibindi nezinso, izinga lokufakwa kwe-insulin aspart liyancishiswa.
Sebenzisa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokukhishwa komzimba
Ocwaningweni lomtholampilo ezilwaneni, i-insulin aspart ayikhombisanga i-embryotoxicity kanye ne-teratogenicity. Lapho unquma i-NovoRapid, abesifazane abakhulelwe badinga ukubhekwa njalo kwe-plasma concentration ye-glucose. Udokotela kufanele aqaphe isimo seziguli.
Kwi-trimester yokuqala yokukhula kwe-embryonic futhi ngesikhathi sokubeletha, isidingo se-insulin siyancipha, ngenkathi kuyi-trimesters yesibili neyesithathu amandla e-inflores ayanda.
Ngesikhathi sokuncelisa, kuyadingeka ukulungisa umthamo we-insulin.
Ukuhambisana notshwala
I-Ethanol ithuthukisa umphumela we-hypoglycemic we-insulin aspart, ngakho-ke, ukuphuza utshwala ngesikhathi sokulashwa kwezidakamizwa akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele. I-ethyl alcohol iholela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-hypoglycemia ne-hypoglycemic coma.
Ukweqisa kweNovoRapida Penfill
I-Hypoglycemia ingakhula kancane kancane ngemuva kwesizinda sokuphathwa isikhathi eside semithamo ephezulu yeNovoRapid. Kulokhu, umthamo ngqo ongadala isithombe somtholampilo we-overdose awukasungulwa, ngoba isimo se-hypoglycemic siveza kuye ngezimpawu zomuntu ngamunye.
I-hypoglycemia emnene, isiguli siyakwazi ukuqeda ngokwaso ngokuthatha imikhiqizo enokuqukethwe okunoshukela noma ushukela ngaphakathi.
I-hypoglycemia enkulu ihambisana nokuphelelwa ukwazi. Kulokhu, ukulaliswa esibhedlela, ukwethulwa kwe-intramuscularly noma ngokwe-0.5-1 mg ye-glucagon. Ukuqokwa kokufakwa kwe-glucose solution kuvunyelwe. Uma ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-10-15 ngemuva kokuphathwa kweGlucagon, ukwazi kungabuyi, kufanele ufake isixazululo esingu-5% se-Dextrose. Lapho ubuyisela isimo futhi uvusa isiguli, kuyadingeka ukunikeza isiguli ukudla ngenani elikhulu lama-carbohydrate. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kokuphinda ubuye.
I-hypoglycemia enkulu ihambisana nokuphelelwa ukwazi.
Ukuxhumana nezinye izidakamizwa
Ezinye izidakamizwa zingathuthukisa umphumela we-hypoglycemic weNovoRapid:
- i-monoamine oxidase, i-ACE inhibitors, i-inhibitors ye-carbonic anhydrase;
- Imithi equkethe i-lithium;
- ama-beta-blockers angakhethi;
- ama-sulfonamides;
- I-Fenfluramine;
- ama-ethanol aqukethe nama-hypoglycemic agents;
- Bromocriptine;
- imishanguzo ye-tetracycline;
- I-Octreotide;
- I-Pyridoxine.
Ukubuthakathaka komphumela wokwelapha ubonwa ngokuphathwa kanyekanye kweNovoRapid ngama-calcium blockers, ama-diuretics, amaHeparin, ama-antidepressants, ama-glucocorticosteroids, amaMorphine, nama-ejenti aqukethe ama-hormone egilo.
Ama-Reserpine nama-salicylates angadala ukulahleka kokulawulwa kwe-glycemic.
Ukubhema ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwe-nicotine kunganciphisa umphumela we-hypoglycemic.
Izidakamizwa eziqukethe i-Thiol futhi zine-sulfite lapho zisebenzisana ne-insulin zibangela ukubhujiswa kokugcina.
Ama-Analog
Ama-analogues wesakhiwo nezidakamizwa ezinezinto ezifanayo ze-pharmacological zifaka:
- I-Actrapid;
- Ipeni yesirinji ye-NovoRapid;
- I-Apidra
- I-Biosulin;
- IGensulin;
- Insulin.
Imibandela yekhefu lekhemisi
Umuthi uthengiswa ngezizathu eziqondile zokwelashwa.
Ngingakwazi ukuthenga ngaphandle kadokotela?
I-ejenti ye-glycemic, uma isetshenziswe ngendlela engafanele, ingavusa i-hypoglycemia, engakhula ibe yi-hypoglycemic coma. Lesi simo siyingozi, ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa komuthi ngaphandle kadokotela akunqatshelwe.
Intengo yeNovoRapid Penfill
Izindleko ezijwayelekile zama-cartridges ngama-ruble ayi-1850.
Izimo zokugcina zomuthi
Kuyadingeka ukugcina umuthi endaweni yokushisa ka + 2 ... + 8 ° C. Kunconywa ukugcina esiqandisini, kepha kungabi yiqhwa. Ama-Cartridges kumele agcinwe emaphepheni amakhadibhodi ukuvikela elangeni. Ama-cartridge ama-cartridge avuliwe agcinwa ekushiseni kwe- + 15 ... + 30 ° C futhi asetshenziswa inyanga.
I-analogue yesidakamizwa ingaba umuthi we-Apidra.
Isikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi
Izinyanga ezingama-30
Umkhiqizi
INovo Nordisk A / S, eDenmark.
Ukubuyekezwa kweNovoRapida Penfill
Esikhathini sokumaketha ngemuva, i-insulin aspart income umphumela wayo emakethe yamakhemikhali, ngenxa yokuthi kukhona ukuphawula okuhle okuvela ezigulini kanye nakubodokotela ezinhlanganweni ze-Intanethi.
Odokotela
UZinaida Siyuhova, udokotela wobugqirha endocrinologist.
Umuthi unesenzo esishisayo se-Ultra, esikuvumela ukuthi ufake i-insulin hhayi nje imizuzu eyi-10-15 ngaphambi kokudla, kodwa futhi nangemva nangemva kokudla. Ukufezekiswa okusheshayo komphumela wokwelapha kubalulekile ezimweni eziphuthumayo. Ngenxa ye-insulin aspart, umuntu onesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2 noma isifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin akakwazi ukuzivumelanisa ne-pathology, alungise ukudla ngendlela afuna ngayo.
U-Ignatov Konstantin, udokotela we-endocrinologist, uRyazan.
Njengesenzo se-insulin aspart. Ezimweni ezibucayi, kusiza ukwehlisa ngokushesha ushukela wegazi.Ngaso leso sikhathi, isiguli kufanele silandele imithamo ngokuqinile ngokwemiyalo, ngaphandle kwalokho ubungozi bokukhula kwe-hypoglycemia buyanda. Isiguli singazisebenzisela ukufaka i-insulin ngokweqile.
Iziguli
U-Artemy Nikolaev, oneminyaka engama-37, uKrasnodar.
Nginesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 kusukela ngineminyaka eyi-18. I-Actrapid yamanani entengo, engasizanga ukufezekisa ukulawulwa kwe-glycemic - ushukela uhlala uphezulu. Udokotela ungene esikhundleni se-Actrapid ngokwelashwa okuhlanganisa iNovoRapid Penfill-osebenza isikhathi eside noLevemir isikhathi eside. INovoRapid ifanela umzimba wami. Ngiyabonga kumenzi wekhwalithi ye-insulin.
USofia Krasilnikova, oneminyaka engama-24, uTomsk.
Sekuphele unyaka ngisebenzisa ama-cartridge. Izinga likashukela lihlala lingaphakathi kwebanga elijwayelekile. Lapho nje isukuma, ngigwaza khona lapho. Kwimizuzu eyi-10-15, kubuyela kokujwayelekile. Angibonanga ukusabela okungekuhle.
