I-Lixumia isidakamizwa se-hypoglycemic eklanyelwe ukuguqula ukugcwala kweglucose egazini. Ithuluzi libonakala ngesilinganiso esincane kanye nenani elincane le-contraindication.
Igama Lezwe elingafanele
I-Lixisenatide
I-Lixumia isidakamizwa se-hypoglycemic eklanyelwe ukuguqula ukugcwala kweglucose egazini.
I-ATX
A10BJ03
Khipha amafomu nokwakheka
Ungathenga umuthi ngendlela yesisombululo somjovo. Le nto ihloselwe ukuphatha okungaqondakali. Isithako esisebenzayo yi-lixisenatide. Ezinye izinto ekwakhekeni kwazo azivezi umsebenzi we-hypoglycemic. Izingxenye ezisizayo:
- i-glycerol 85%;
- i-sodium acetate trihydrate;
- methionine;
- metacresol;
- 1 M Isixazululo se-hydrochloric acid;
- amanzi ngomjovo.
Ukuqoqwa kwento esebenzayo ku-1 ml yomkhiqizo owuketshezi kuhlukile: 0.05 no-10 mg. Ungawuthenga lo muthi emaphaketheni aqukethe izingilazi zamagobolondo enesixazululo nepeni lesirinji. Inani lamasethi liyahluka: 1, 2 no-6 ama-PC.
Ungathenga umuthi ngendlela yesisombululo somjovo. Le nto ihloselwe ukuphatha okungaqondakali.
Isenzo se-Pharmacological
Ingxenye esebenzayo eLixumia inomphumela kuma-receptors we-GLP-1, okuholela ekuphenduleni komzimba emzimbeni. I-gluept-peptide-1 receptor isebenzisana ne-endo native incretin hormone, ekhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin. Amaseli we-beta wama-isishu we-pancreatic ahlanganyela kule nqubo. Ngaphansi kwethonya le-lixisenatide, ukwenziwa kwe-insulin kuyasebenza. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kusabela kuqala kuphela uma izinga likashukela likhuphukile.
Ngokubambisana nezinqubo ezichaziwe, ubukhulu bokukhiqizwa kwe-glucagon buyancipha. Ingxenye esebenzayo yesidakamizwa nayo ithinta isilinganiso sokukhishwa kokuqukethwe esiswini. Ngenxa yalokhu, ushukela awangeni egazini ngokushesha.
Umuthi usebenza ngokushesha. Ngemuva komthamo wokuqala, kwehla ukwehla okwanele kwamazinga kashukela. Lo mphumela unikezwa esiswini esingenalutho nangemva kokudla. Ukusebenza kwalashwa kwaqinisekiswa ezifundweni ezinenombolo enkulu yezifundo - iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela i-mellitus (izinhlobo ezi-2 kuphela). Kuqinisekisiwe ukuthi umuthi okukhulunywa ngawo ufaka isandla kokukhulu, uma uqhathaniswa ne-placebo, wehla kwezinkomba ezibalulekile (ngokwesibonelo, i-glycated hemoglobin).
Ngokuhlanganiswa kwesidakamizwa okukhulunywa ngaso ngamalungiselelo omlomo weqembu le-sulfonylurea neMetformin, ukwehla kwamapharamitha egazi aphakeme kuyaphawuleka: i-glycated hemoglobin ne-glucose. Imiphumela efanayo ibonwa ngokusetshenziswa kanyekanye kweLixumia nge-insal insulin. I-Metformin noma i-ejenti yomlomo ye-hypoglycemic ingangezwa kule nhlanganisela.
Ngaphansi kwethonya le-lixisenatide, ukwenziwa kwe-insulin kuyasebenza, kepha lokhu kungenzeka kuphela uma izinga likashukela selikhuphukile.
I-Pharmacokinetics
Umuthi udonswa ngokushesha, futhi isilinganiso sokufakwa kwento ngesikhathi sokuphatha kokuhamba komoya asincikile kumthamo. Umphumela ofanayo utholakala ngokujova esiswini, ehlombe nasethangeni. I-Lixisenatide ibonakala ngekhono elinganiselayo lokubopha kumaprotheni e-plasma. Inani laleli pharamitha alwedluli kuma-55%.
Lapho into esebenzayo yesidakamizwa ingena emzimbeni, iba ngaphansi kwenqubo yokuguqulwa eyinkimbinkimbi yokwenziwa kwamakhemikhali amaningana - amancane (ngokuqhathaniswa ne-lixisenatide) ama-peptides nama-amino acid. Ngenxa yalokhu, lezi zinto ziphinda zibambe iqhaza ezinqubweni ze-metabolic. Ukuphila kwesigamu kwengxenye esebenzayo kungamahora ama-3.
Izinkomba zokusetshenziswa
Indawo esemqoka ukusetshenziswa kweLixumia ukwelashwa kweziguli ezine-glucose eshintshiwe lapho kukhona isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Umuthi obhekwayo ungasetjenziswa nge-monotherapy, kanye kanyekanye ne-insal insulin, kepha kuphela esimeni lapho okokugcina kwezinto kunganikeli umphumela owuthandayo kanye nokudla okukhethekile kanye nomsebenzi womzimba.
I-Lixumia isetshenziswa ekwelashweni kweziguli ezitholakala zinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
Contraindication
Ithuluzi alisetshenziswa ezimeni ezinjalo ze-pathological:
- thayipha i-1 isifo sikashukela;
- ukungabekezelelani komuntu ngamunye kunoma iyiphi ingxenye ekwakhekeni;
- izifo zendlela yokugaya ukudla ngendlela enzima;
- ukwephulwa kwe-carbohydrate metabolism okubangelwa ukuntuleka kwe-insulin.
Ungayithatha kanjani iLixumia?
Umuthi uphathwa ngokungahambi kahle ekuseni noma kusihlwa. Kuzona zozimbili lezi zinhlaka, kunconywa umjovo 1 ihora ngaphambi kokudla. Uma ngesizathu esithile umuthi ungazange uphathwe ngesikhathi, umjovo wenziwa ihora elilodwa ngaphambi kokudla okulandelayo. Ngemuva kwalokho ithuluzi lisetshenziswa ngokuya ngohlelo olunqunyelwe. Eminye imithetho yokusebenzisa iLixumia:
- Awukwazi ukukhulula umuthi;
- inalithi ngemuva kokuphathwa kwezidakamizwa kufanele isuswe futhi isirinji kufanele ivalwe nge-cap.
Umuthi unconywa ukuthi uphathwe ihora elilodwa ngaphambi kokudla.
Ngoshukela
Esigabeni sokuqala sokwelashwa, i-10 μg yesidakamizwa ihanjiswa ngosuku. Isikhathi sokwelashwa ngokuya ngalolu hlelo izinsuku eziyi-14. Lapho kunesidingo, inani lezimali lenyuka laya kuma-20 mcg ngosuku. Indlela yokwelashwa iyaguqulwa uma umuthi usetshenziswa kanyekanye nezidakamizwa ze-hypoglycemic zomlomo kanye / noma ne-insulin. Kulokhu, ukuqoqwa kokugcina kuncishisiwe. Ngenxa yalokho, ubungozi bokukhula kwe-hypoglycemia buncishisiwe. Ngokuhlanganiswa kweLixumia neMetformin, asikho isidingo sokulungisa umthamo wale mishanguzo.
Ukwehla kwesisindo
Kusetshenziswa irejimeni ejwayelekile yokwelapha. Umphumela wokuncipha kwesisindo uhlinzekwa ngokunciphisa amazinga weglucose egazini, okuyi-normal pancreas. Ukuze wehlise isisindo, umuthi okukhulunywa ngawo uvunyelwe kuphela kwiziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Kwezinye izimo, ingozi yokwanda kwe-hypoglycemia iyanda.
Imiphumela emibi yeLixumia
Ukubonakala kokubonakala kwezimpawu zezifo ezithathelwanayo, izifo ezithinta izidumbu, ngokwesibonelo, umkhuhlane, ukutheleleka kwepheji lokuphefumula, kuyanda.
Kusuka ezicutshini zemisipha
Ubuhlungu emhlane.
Amapheshana wesisu
Izimpawu zokuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla: isicanucanu, izihlalo ezikhululekile, ukugabha.
Izitho zeHematopoietic
Ukulimala kwesibindi okukhulu.
Isistimu yezinzwa ephakathi
Ubuhlungu bekhanda nesiyezi.
Ngasohlangothini lwe-metabolism
I-Hypoglycemia Imvamisa, lesi simo se-pathological sivela ngenkathi kuthathwa ama-hypoglycemic agents kanye / noma ne-insulin.
Allergies
Ngokwethulwa kwalo muthi, ukuvela kwendawo kuvela: ukuluma, ubomvu, ukuqubuka. Kukhona ubungozi bokuthuthukisa i-allergies e-systemic, engahle ibangelwe ukusabela ngakunye kwengxenye esebenzayo yomuthi.
Umthelela ekhonweni lokulawula izindlela
Akunalo ulwazi ngokuphepha komkhiqizo ngesikhathi semisebenzi edinga ukunakwa okwengeziwe kokunakwa. Kodwa-ke, njengoba unikezwe ingozi yokuthuthukisa i-hypoglycemia uma ihlanganiswa nezidakamizwa ze-insulin noma ze-hypoglycemic ukuze zisetshenziswe ngomlomo, kufanele kuqashelwe lapho ushayela imoto ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kweLixumia.
Ukuqapha kufanele kusetshenziswe lapho ushayela imoto ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kweLixumia.
Imiyalo ekhethekile
Izinga lomthelela omubi emzimbeni weziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 alifundwanga. Ngalesi sizathu, umuthi awunqunyelwe kulokhu kutholwa.
Ngesikhathi sokulashwa nge-Lixumia, kunengozi yokuthola i-pancreatitis noma ukwanda kwalesi simo se-pathological. Uma ubuhlungu obuphakathi besisu obuqhubekayo bukhona, kufanele uyeke ukuthatha umuthi kuze kucace imbangela yalesi sibonakaliso. Lokhu kusho ukuthi iziguli ezinomlando we-pancreatitis kufanele zisebenzise lesi sidakamizwa okukhulunywa ngaso ngokuqapha.
Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sokwethulwa kweLixumia, ubungozi bezinkinga eziphuma emgodini wokugaya ukudla buyanda.
Uma ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kunqunyelwe kusetshenziswa umuthi okukhulunywa ngawo, ama-hypoglycemic agents ekusebenziseni ngomlomo, i-insulin, kunconyelwa ukuthi umthamo wezinto ungalungiswa ngaphambi kokuqala ukugwema i-hypoglycemia.
Sebenzisa ebudaleni
Ukwelashwa kwe-Lixumia ezigulini ezineminyaka engu-65-75 akuholeli kuguquko olubalulekile emzimbeni. Lapho kungekho khona ama-pathologies ahlangana, isibonelo, izifo zezinso, ukuguqulwa komthamo akudingekile.
Isabelo sezingane
Umuthi lo uphulwe kwiziguli ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-18.
Sebenzisa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokukhishwa komzimba
Ithuluzi alisetshenziswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwenqatshelwe ukusebenzisa hhayi kuphela lapho uthwala ingane, kodwa futhi ngenkathi uhlela ukukhulelwa.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Lixumia ezigulini ezineminyaka engu-65-75 akuholeli kuguquko olubalulekile emzimbeni.
Isicelo sokusebenza kokulimala kwezinso
Ngokuphikisana nesizinda se-pathologies enzima yalesi sitho, imvume ye-creatinine incishiswa kakhulu (kufika ku-15 ml ngomzuzu). Ngalesi sizathu, umuthi awunqunyelwe.
Sebenzisa umsebenzi wesibindi okhubazekile
Njengoba unikezwe ukuthi umthwalo oyinhloko ngesikhathi sokwelashwa nge-Lixumia uwela ezinso, isibindi siyaqhubeka nokusebenza singashintshiwe. Ngezilonda ezinzima zalesi sitho, ukulungiswa komthamo akudingeki.
Ukweqisa kweLixumia
Kunemininingwane yokuthi ukwethulwa kwenani lomuthi nsuku zonke, elihambisana nama-mcg angama-60 (lapho ejova ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo izikhathi ezi-2 ngosuku), kungavusa ukuphazamiseka kwendlela yokugaya ukudla. Ukwelapha kunguphawu, kuyasekela. Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa kufanele kuhlale kuyekwe kuze kube yilapho sekuqedwe izimpawu zokusebenzisa ngokweqile. Kwesinye isikhathi ukwelashwa kuyaqhubeka, kepha kusetshenziswa umthamo ojwayelekile (akukho ngaphezu kwama-20 mcg ngosuku).
Ukuxhumana nezinye izidakamizwa
Isiza ekunciphiseni ukuphuma kokuqukethwe esiswini, ngakho-ke izinga lokufakwa kwezidakamizwa ekuphatheni ngomlomo lingashintsha. Ukugwema imiphumela enjalo, imali enjalo ithathwa ngomlomo ihora eli-1 ngaphambi komjovo weLixumia noma amahora ayi-11 ngemuva kwale nqubo.
Inani eliphakeme leParacetamol liyancipha uma umuthi ungena emzimbeni emva kokuphathwa umuthi okukhulunywa ngawo. Kodwa-ke, uma sinikezwe ukuthi isilinganiso sokufinyelela kokuqukethwe kwento ephezulu kakhulu ye-Paracetamol inyuka kuleli cala, asikho isidingo sokulungiswa kwamthamo.
Ngokuphathwa kanyekanye neParacetamol, ukugcwala kwengqondo esegazini kunciphisa.
Ukuvimbela inzalo ngomlomo kungathathwa ngaphambi nangemva komjovo, ngenkathi ukusebenza kwawo kunganciphi.
Ngokuphathwa kanyekanye kwe-Atorvastatin, Warfarin, Digoxin noma iRamipril, asikho isidingo sokulungisa umthamo weLixumia noma lezi zimali.
Ukuhambisana notshwala
Kwenqatshelwe ukuphuza iziphuzo eziqukethe utshwala ngesikhathi sokwelapha nomuthi okukhulunywa ngawo.
Ama-Analog
Uma ngenxa yesizathu esithile kungenzeki ukufaka i-Lixumia, kunqunyelwe ababambele. Izithasiselo ezisebenzayo:
- IVictoza;
- I-Baeta;
- I-Guarem;
- UJardins
- Attokana.
Owokuqala wezidakamizwa ubiza kakhulu - ama-ruble angama-9500. Lokhu kungumkhiqizo wesakhi esisodwa esiqukethe i-liraglutide. Kutholakala ngesimo sesisombululo somjovo. Indlela yokusebenza yalesi sidakamizwa ihlukile emthethweni we-Lixumia. Ngakho-ke, i-liraglutide iyi-analogue ye-peptide-1 yabantu. Ngenxa yokwethulwa kwayo nsuku zonke emzimbeni, kwakwazi ukulawula amazinga kashukela. I-Victoza isetshenziswa kuphela kanye nama-ejenti we-hypoglycemic womlomo noma i-Metformin.
I-Baeta iyi-analogue yeLixumia.
Kunokuphikisana okuningana ekusebenziseni kwale analogue:
- ukucaphuka
- ukukhulelwa
- ukonakala okukhulu kwezinso, isibindi, ukusebenza kwenhliziyo;
- isifo sikashukela i-mellitus (uma uhlobo lwe-1 yesifo se-pathological sitholakala);
- ukwephulwa kwe-carbohydrate metabolism ngenxa yokushoda kwe-insulin;
- iminyaka yezingane;
- izifo zesisu zamapheshana.
I-Baeta yezidakamizwa isesigabeni samanani esifanayo nalesi sidakamizwa okukhulunywa ngaso (ama-ruble angama-5300). Kutholakala ngesimo sesixazululo sokuphatha ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Isithako esisebenzayo yi-exenatide. Le nto iyi-39 amino acid aminopeptide. I-Exenatide nayo i-incretin mimetic. Umgomo wokusebenza kwalesi sidakamizwa uyefana ne-pharmacodynamics yeLixumia: zombili lezi zidakamizwa zivusa ukwanda ekukhiqizeni i-insulin.
IGuarem ingumuthi oyinkimbinkimbi. Izibonakalisa njenge-hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, agent ye-hypocholesterolemic. Kutholakala ngesimo sentfo ye-granular. Isithako esisebenzayo ekwakhekeni yi-huar resin.
UJardins uyisengezo somlomo. Amathebulethi angathengwa ngenani eliphansi kunama-analogue acatshangelwe ngaphambili: ama-ruble angama-2830-2860. Umuthi usebenza emgomeni wokuvimbela uhlobo lwe-2 glucose transporter. Inzuzo yaleli thuluzi yikhono lokusebenzisa njengezinyathelo zokwelapha ezizimele noma ezisizayo.
I-Attokana itholakala ezibhebheni. Into esebenzayo yi-canagliflozin. Ngomgomo wokusebenza, leli thuluzi lingabhekwa njenge-analogue eqondile yeJardins. I-Invocana futhi imele iqembu le-inhibitors ye-neurodependent Type 2 glucose transporter.
Imibandela yekhefu lekhemisi
Umuthi usho izidakamizwa ezithithiwe.
Ngingakwazi ukuthenga ngaphandle kadokotela
Cha.
Intengo
Izindleko ezijwayelekile ama-ruble angama-4920.
Izimo zokugcina zomuthi
Ukushisa komoya okunconyiwe egumbini lapho kukhona khona amapeni wesirinji angavulwanga: + 2 ... +8 ° С, kufanele agcinwe esiqandisini. Kwamasirinji asetshenzisiwe, umbuso wokushisa ushintsha kakhulu. Zingagcinwa emazingeni okushisa angama-+30 ° C.
Isikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi
Umuthi ulahlekelwe yizinto zeminyaka engu-2. Ngemuva kokuvula, isikhathi sokusetshenziswa sincishiswa saba amaviki ama-2.
Umkhiqizi
ISanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, eJalimane.
Umuthi usatshalaliswa kuphela ngomuthi obhaliwe.
Ukubuyekezwa
UValentina, oneminyaka engama-44, uBryansk
Umuthi usebenza ngokushesha. Uma imijovo yenziwa ngesikhathi, khona-ke ukubonakaliswa okungekuhle ngeke kwenzeke. Angibonanga ukuwohloka ekwelashweni. Kepha intengo iphakeme kakhulu.
UGalina, oneminyaka engama-39, uP Pskov
Ngazama ukuthatha iLixumia ukwehlisa isisindo. Nginesifo sikashukela, ngakho ngangingasabi ukuwohloka. Ngenze imijovo ngemuva kwesivumelwano nodokotela. Kimi, umthamo ofanele ubumisiwe. Angibonanga nje umphumela oyifisayo, isisindo sihleli endaweni.
