I-insulin glulisin umuthi wokwelapha isifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin. Kwethulwa emzimbeni kuphela ngosizo lomjovo. Izilawula ngempumelelo izinkomba ze-glycemic.
Igama Lezwe elingafanele
INN - Apidra.
I-insulin glulisin umuthi wokwelapha isifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin.
I-ATX
Ukubhalwa kwe-ATX - A10AV06.
Igama lokuhweba
Kutholakala ngaphansi kwamagama okuhweba i-Apidra ne-Apidra SoloStar.
Isenzo se-Pharmacological
Umuthi i-analogue ephindaphindayo ye-insulin yomuntu. Amandla esenzo afana nalelo hormone elikhiqizwa yi-pancreas enempilo. U-Glulisin usebenza ngokushesha futhi unomphumela wesikhathi eside.
Ngemuva kokwethulwa emzimbeni (ngokweqile), i-hormone iqala ukulawula imetabolism ye-carbohydrate.
Umuthi unciphisa ukuhlangana koshukela wegazi, uvuselele ukumuncwa kwawo ngezicubu, ikakhulukazi izicubu zamathambo nezicubu ze-adipose. Ivimbela ukwakheka koshukela kwezicubu zesibindi. Kwandisa ukwakheka kwamaprotheni.
Izifundo zemitholampilo zibonisa ukuthi i-glulisin, elawulwa imizuzu emi-2 ngaphambi kokudla, inikezela ukulawula okufanayo kwesamba ushukela egazini njenge-insulin engamanzi encibilikisiwe, enikezwe uhhafu wehora ngaphambi kokudla.
Isenzo se-insulin asiguquki kubantu bezizinda ezahlukahlukene zobuhlanga.
I-Pharmacokinetics
Ngemuva kokulawulwa kwesidakamizwa kancane kancane, ukugxilisa okukhulu egazini kufinyelelwa ngemuva kwemizuzu engama-55. Isikhathi sokuhlala esijwayelekile somuthi osegazini yi-161 imizuzu. Ngokuphatha umuthi ongaphansi kwesidakamizwa esifundeni sodonga lwangaphakathi lwesisu noma ehlombe, ukumuncwa kushesha kunokuba kwethulwa umuthi ethangeni. I-Bioavailability icishe ibe ngama-70%. Ukuqedwa kwesigamu sempilo cishe imizuzu eyi-18.
Ngemuva kokuphathwa kobuhlakani, i-glulisin ikhishwa ngandlela thile ngokushesha kune-insulin yomuntu efanayo. Ngomonakalo wezinso, isivinini sokuqala komphumela ofunekayo siyagcinwa. Imininingwane ngezinguquko emiphumeleni yemithi ye-insulin asebekhulile ayifundiswanga kahle.
Izinkomba zokusetshenziswa
UGlulisin ukhonjiswa ushukela odinga i-insulin nohlobo 2 sikashukela.
UGlulisin ukhonjiswa ushukela odinga i-insulin nohlobo 2 sikashukela.
Contraindication
Umuthi uphekelwa umthetho uma kwenzeka kwenzeka nge-hypoglycemia kanye ne-hypersensitivity to Apidra.
Ungayithatha kanjani i-insulin glulisin?
Ihanjiswa ngemizuzu engu-0-16 imizuzu ngaphambi kokudla. Umjovo wenziwa esiswini, ethangeni, ehlombe. Ngemuva komjovo, indawo yomjovo akufanele ihlanjululwe. Awukwazi ukuxuba izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-insulin esitokisini esifanayo, ngaphandle kokuthi isiguli singanqunyelwa ama-insulin ahlukile. Ukuphindiselwa kabusha kwekhambi ngaphambi kokuphathwa kwaso akunconywa.
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa, udinga ukuhlola ibhodlela. Kungenzeka ukuqoqa ikhambi kwisirinji kuphela uma isisombululo sisobala futhi singenazinhlayiya eziqinile.
Imithetho yokusebenzisa ipeni lesirinji
Ipeni elifanayo kufanele lisetshenziswe yisiguli esisodwa kuphela. Uma yonakele, ayivunyelwe ukuyisebenzisa. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ipeni, hlola ngokucophelela i-cartridge. Ingasetshenziswa kuphela uma isisombululo sicacile futhi singenakungcola. Ipeni elingenalutho kufanele lilahlwe njengodoti wasendlini.
Umuthi uphathwa imizuzu engama-0-15 ngaphambi kokudla. Umjovo wenziwa esiswini, ethangeni, ehlombe. Ngemuva komjovo, indawo yomjovo akufanele ihlanjululwe.
Ngemuva kokususa i-cap, kunconywa ukubheka ukufakwa kwelebula nesisombululo. Bese unamathisela ngokucophelela inaliti kwipeni yesirinji. Kwidivayisi entsha, inkomba yedosi ikhombisa "8". Kwezinye izinhlelo, kufanele zibekwe ngokuhlukile enkombeni "2". Cindezela inkinobho yokusabalalisa yonke indlela.
Ukubamba isibambo siqonde, susa ama-bubble emoyeni ngokuthepha. Uma konke kwenziwa ngendlela efanele, kuzokwehla i-insulin encane esicucwini senalithi. Idivayisi ikuvumela ukuthi usethe umthamo kusuka kumayunithi amabili kuya kwayi-40. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokujikeleza i-dispenser. Ukushaja, inkinobho ye-dispenser iyanconywa ukuba idonswe kude lapho izohamba khona.
Faka inaliti kwezicubu ezingaphansi. Bese ucindezela inkinobho yonke indlela. Ngaphambi kokususa inaliti, kufanele ibanjelwe imizuzwana eyi-10. Ngemuva komjovo, susa bese ulahla inaliti. Isikali sibonisa ukuthi i-insulin elingakanani isala kwisirinji.
Uma ipeni lesirinji lingasebenzi kahle, khona-ke ikhambi lingadonswa kubhasikidi liye kwisirinji.
Imiphumela emibi ye-insulin glulisin
Umphumela ojwayelekile kakhulu we-insulin yi-hypoglycemia. Kungenzeka ngenxa yokusebenzisa imithamo ephezulu yemithi. Izimpawu zokuncipha koshukela wegazi zikhula kancane:
- umjuluko obandayo;
- i-pallor nokupholisa isikhumba;
- umuzwa onamandla wokukhathala;
- ukuvuka
- ukuphazamiseka okubukwayo;
- ukuthuthumela
- ukukhathazeka okukhulu;
- ukudideka, ubunzima bokugxila;
- umuzwa onamandla wezinhlungu ekhanda;
- ukukhuphuka kwenhliziyo.
I-Hypoglycemia inganda. Lokhu kusongela impilo, ngoba kudala ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okukhulu, futhi ezimweni ezinzima - ukufa.
Engxenyeni yesikhumba
Esizeni somjovo, ukulunywa nokuvuvukala kungenzeka. Lokhu kusabela kuhamba kancane, futhi awudingi ukuthatha umuthi ukuze uwuqede. Mhlawumbe ukuthuthukiswa kwe-lipodystrophy kwabesifazane esizeni somjovo. Lokhu kwenzeka uma ifakwa endaweni efanayo. Ukuvimbela lokhu kungenzeki, isayithi lomjovo kufanele lishintshwe.
Allergies
Kuqabukela kakhulu ukuthi umuthi ubangele ukungezwani komzimba.
Umthelela ekhonweni lokulawula izindlela
Nge-hypoglycemia, kwenqatshelwe ukushayela imoto noma ukushayela izindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Imiyalo ekhethekile
Ukudluliselwa kwesiguli ohlotsheni olusha lwe-insulin kwenziwa kuphela ngaphansi kokuqashwa kwezokwelapha okusondele. Kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa kwe-hypoglycemic kungadingeka. Lapho ushintsha umsebenzi wokuzivocavoca, udinga ukulungisa umthamo ngokufanele.
Sebenzisa ebudaleni
Umuthi ungasetjenziswa ekugugeni. Ukulungiswa kwe-dose ngakho-ke akudingeki.
Isabelo sezingane
Lolu hlobo lwe-insulin lungabelwa izingane kusukela eminyakeni eyisithupha.
Sebenzisa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokukhishwa komzimba
Kunobufakazi obunqunyelwe ngokusetshenziswa kwalesi sidakamizwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuncelisa. Izifundo zezilwane zezidakamizwa azikhombisanga mthelela enkambeni yokukhulelwa.
Lapho unquma lo muthi kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, kufanele kuqashelwe ngokwedlulele. Kuyadingeka ukukala ngokucophelela ushukela wegazi.
Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa zidinga ukuqapha amazinga kashukela egazini. Ngesikhathi se-trimester yokuqala, izidingo ze-insulin zingancipha kancane. Ukuthi i-insulin idlulela obisini lwebele ayaziwa.
Isicelo sokusebenza kokulimala kwezinso
Ungaguquli inani lezidakamizwa ezilawulwayo kanye nerejimeni yokwelashwa yokulimala kwezinso.
Sebenzisa umsebenzi wesibindi okhubazekile
Izifundo zemitholampilo ezigulini ezinokulimala kwe-hepatic function azenziwanga.
I-Glulisin insulin ngokweqile
Ngomthamo olawulwa ngokweqile, i-hypoglycemia ikhula ngokushesha, futhi degree yayo ingahluka - kusuka kumnene kuya kokuqinile.
Iziqephu ze-hypoglycemia emnene ziyamiswa ngokusebenzisa ushukela noma ukudla okunoshukela. Kunconywa ukuthi iziguli zihlale ziphatha amaswidi, amakhukhi, ujusi omnandi, noma izingcezu zikashukela ezicwengekile kanye nazo.
Ngomthamo olawulwa ngokweqile, i-hypoglycemia ikhula ngokushesha, futhi degree yayo ingahluka - kusuka kumnene kuya kokuqinile.
Ngobunzima obukhulu be-hypoglycemia, umuntu ulahlekelwa ukwazi. IGlucagon noma i-dextrose inikezwa njengosizo lokuqala. Uma kungabikho ukusabela ekuphathweni kwe-glucagon, khona-ke umjovo ofanayo uyaphindwa. Ngemuva kokuthola ukwazi kabusha, udinga ukunikeza isiguli itiye elimnandi.
Ukuxhumana nezinye izidakamizwa
Izidakamizwa ezithile zingathinta i-glucose metabolism. Lokhu kudinga ushintsho kumthamo we-insulin. Izidakamizwa ezilandelayo zikhulisa umphumela we-Apogra:
- izidakamizwa zokunciphisa ushukela ezithathwe ngomlomo;
- Ama-inhibitors e-ACE;
- Ama-Disopyramid;
- imicu;
- I-Fluoxetine;
- izinto zokuvimbela i-monoamine oxidase;
- I-Pentoxifylline;
- I-Propoxyphene;
- i-salicylic acid kanye nokutholakala kwayo;
- sulfonamides.
Imithi enjalo inciphisa umsebenzi we-hypoglycemic walolu hlobo lwe-insulin:
- I-GCS;
- UDanazole;
- I-Diazoxide;
- izidakamizwa ze-diuretic;
- Isoniazid;
- amalungiselelo - avela ku-phenothiazine;
- Ukukhula kwehomoni;
- ama-analogues ama-thyroid;
- ama-hormone ocansi abesifazane aqukethe izidakamizwa zokuvimbela inzalo ngomlomo;
- izinto ezivimbela i-proteinase.
Ama-Beta-blockers, i-clonidine hydrochloride, amalungiselelo we-lithium angathuthukisa, noma, ngokuhlukile, enze buthaka umsebenzi we-insulin. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Pentamidine kuqala kubangela i-hypoglycemia, bese kuthi ukwanda okubukhali kokuxineka kweglucose yegazi.
I-insulin ayidingi ukuxutshwa nezinye izinhlobo zalesi hormone esokeni elifanayo. Okufanayo kusebenza kumaphampu wokungenisa.
Ukuhambisana notshwala
Ukuphuza utshwala kungadala i-hypoglycemia.
Ama-Analog
Ama-analogues we-Glulisin afaka:
- I-Apidra
- I-Novorapid Flekspen;
- Epidera;
- insulin isophane.
Imibandela yekhefu lekhemisi
I-Apidra itholakala ngomuthi kadokotela. Abanesifo sikashukela bathola umuthi mahhala.
Ngingakwazi ukuthenga ngaphandle kadokotela?
Cha.
Intengo
Izindleko zepeni yesirinji cishe ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezimbili.
Izimo zokugcina zomuthi
Ama-cartridge kanye nezimbumbulu ezingavuliwe kufanele zigcinwe kuphela esiqandisini. Ukuqandeka kwe-insulin akuvunyelwe. Izindebe ezivulekile kanye nama-cartridge agcinwa endaweni yokushisa engeqi ku-25ºC.
Isikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi
Umuthi ufanele iminyaka emi-2. Impilo yeshelufu esebhodleleni noma ebhokisini elivulekile kungamasonto amane, emva kwalokho kumele ilahlwe.
Umuthi ufanele iminyaka emi-2. Impilo yeshelufu esebhodleleni noma ebhokisini elivulekile kungamasonto amane, emva kwalokho kumele ilahlwe.
Umkhiqizi
Kwenziwa ebhizinisini iSanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, eJalimane.
Ukubuyekezwa
Odokotela
U-Ivan, oneminyaka engama-50 ubudala, i-endocrinologist, eMoscow: "Ngosizo lwe-Apidra, kungenzeka ukulawula izinkomba ze-glycemia ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-1. Ngincoma ukuthi ufake i-insulin ngokushesha ngaphambi kokudla. Kucisha ngokuphelele ukuxhuma kwamanani kashukela."
USvetlana, 49, udokotela wesifo sikashukela, u-Izhevsk: "IGlulisin ingelinye lama-insulin amafushane kakhulu. Iziguli zikubekezelela kahle lokhu, kodwa kuncike kwimithamo nama-regimens asemisiwe. I-Hypoglycemia iyivelakancane kakhulu."
Iziguli
U-Andrei, oneminyaka engama-45, eSt. Petersburg: "IGlulisin ayibangeli ukwehla kakhulu ushukela, okubalulekile kimina njengesifo sikashukela" nesipiliyoni. "Indawo ngemuva kokujova ayilimazi futhi ayidukeli. Ngemuva kokudla, izinkomba ze-glucose zijwayelekile."
U-Olga, oneminyaka engama-50, uTula: "Ama-insulin amadala angenza ngaba nesiyezi, futhi indawo yomjovo yayihlala ibuhlungu. I-Glulizin ayizibangeli zimpawu ezinjalo. Kulula ukusebenzisa ipeni lesirinji futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, isebenza."
ULydia, oneminyaka engama-58, uRostov-on-Don: "Ngenxa yeGlulizin, nginezinga loshukela elijwayelekile ngemuva kokudla. Ngilandela ngokuqinile ukudla futhi ngibala ngokucophelela udosi lomuthi. Akunazo iziqephu ze-hypoglycemia."
