I-altar iyi-ejenti ye-hypoglycemic esetshenziswa kushukela.
Igama Lezwe elingafanele
I-Glimepiride.
I-altar iyi-ejenti ye-hypoglycemic esetshenziswa kushukela.
I-ATX
Ikhodi ye-ATX yi-A10BB12.
Khipha amafomu nokwakheka
Ithuluzi liyatholakala ngesimo sethebhulethi. Amathebulethi aqukethe i-1, 2 noma i-3 mg yento esebenzayo. Isithako esisebenzayo somuthi yi-glimepiride.
Amaphakeji angafaka amathebhulethi angama-30, 60, 90 noma angama-120 ngozimele. Iqhubu elilodwa liqukethe amaphilisi angama-30.
Isenzo se-Pharmacological
Into esebenzayo yesidakamizwa inethonya le-hypoglycemic. Isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ushukela wegazi ezigulini ezine-mellitus engavikelekile nge-insulin.
I-altar isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ushukela wegazi ezigulini ezine-mellitus engavikelekile nge-insulin.
Ithuluzi lisebenza kumaseli we-beta we-pancreas, anikela ekukhutshweni kwe-insulin kubo. Ngaphansi kwethonya le-glimepiride, ama-beta-cell azwela ushukela. Zisebenza kakhulu ukuphendula amazinga akhuphuka kashukela we-plasma.
Ukwanda kokuvikeleka kwe-insulin kwenzeka ngenxa yokuvuswa kokuhamba ngeziteshi ezixhomekeke ku-ATP ezisegobolondweni lamaseli we-pancreatic beta.
Ngokungeziwe ekuthonyweni kokukhishwa kwe-insulin, i-glimepiride yandisa ukuzwela kwamangqamuzana okuphefumula kuleli hormone. Ingxenye esebenzayo yesidakamizwa ivimbela ukusetshenziswa kwe-insulin esibindini.
I-Pharmacokinetics
Uma ungenile, i-bioavailability ye-glimepiride icishe ibe yi-100%. Ukufakwa kwento esebenzayo kwenzeka nge-mucosa yamathumbu. Umsebenzi wokumunca nezinga lokusakazeka emzimbeni wonke lizimele ngokungenako kokudla.
Ukuqina okusebenzayo okugcwele egazini kuthathwa ngemuva kwamahora angama-2-3 ngemuva kokuthatha umuthi. Ukusatshalaliswa kwento esebenzayo emzimbeni wonke kwenzeka ngendlela eboshelwe kuma-peptide e-plasma. Iningi lezidakamizwa libopha i-albhamuin.
Isikhathi sokuphila se-glimepiride sisukela emahoreni amahlanu kuya kwayi-8. Ukhiye wento uvela ikakhulu ezinso (cishe 2/3). Inani elithile lale nto esebenzayo likhishwa emathunjini (cishe 1/3).
Ukusetshenziswa kwesidakamizwa isikhathi eside akuholeli ekutholakalweni kwento esebenzayo emzimbeni.
Ukusetshenziswa kwesidakamizwa isikhathi eside akuholeli ekutholakalweni kwento esebenzayo emzimbeni. I-pharmacokinetics yesidakamizwa izimele ngokoqobo kubulili nobudala besiguli.
Ngaphansi kunakwamanye amaqembu eziguli, i-glimepiride egazini egazini ibonwa kubantu abanamazinga aphansi e-creatinine. Leli qiniso lingahlotshaniswa nokususwa okusebenzayo kwento esebenzayo.
Izinkomba zokusetshenziswa
Umuthi ubekelwe ukwelashwa kwe-Type 2 sikashukela mellitus (okungasondeli ku-insulin). Ingasetjenziswa bobabili ngokwahlukana nangokuhlanganiswa nezinye izindlela. Kuboniswa ezigulini isimo sazo esingazinzile ngokusebenza ngokomzimba nangokwelashwa kokudla.
Contraindication
Ukuxhumana ngokuqokwa kwaleli thuluzi yile:
- ukuba khona kwe-hypersensitivity yomuntu ngamunye ezingxenyeni zayo;
- ukuba khona emlandweni wokusabela kwe-hypersensitivity to der satives sulfonylurea;
- thayipha i-1 isifo sikashukela;
- ketoacidosis;
- i-ketoacidotic coma;
- ukulimazeka okukhulu kwezinso;
- ukwehluleka kwezinso ngesikhathi sokubuyiselwa kwemali.
Ungayithatha kanjani i-Altar
Ngoshukela
Kunconywa ukuhlanganisa ukuthatha umuthi kanye nohlobo olwanele lomsebenzi womzimba nokwelashwa kokudla. Ukulawulwa kwesisindo sesineke kudlala indima enkulu ekuthini ijwayelekile i-glucose metabolism yohlobo 2 sikashukela. Kuyadingeka futhi ukubheka njalo izinga le-glucose egazini.
Umthamo wokuqala wesidakamizwa ngu-1 mg ngosuku. Uma ngabe lo muthi wanele ukugcina izinga le-glucose lisezingeni elijwayelekile, khona-ke iyaqhubeka isetshenziswa ngokuqhubekayo.
Ngokusebenza okunganele komthamo wokuqala, kancane kancane uyanda. Okokuqala kuze kufike ku-2 mg, bese ufike ku-3 mg noma ku-4 mg. Isilinganiso esiphezulu sansuku zonke yi-6 mg. Ukukhuphuka okwengeziwe akunakwenzeka ngoba akenyusi ukusebenza kwensimbi.
Kunconywa ukuthatha umuthi isikhathi esisodwa ngosuku. Lokhu kwenziwa ekuseni, ngaphambi noma ngesikhathi sokudla.
Njengoba weqa ukwamukela, ungathathi umthamo ophindwe kabili ngosuku olulandelayo. Lokhu akunxephezeli ekwamukelweni okulahlekile.
Izibhebhe kufanele zigwinywe zigcwele ngenani elanele lamanzi.
Ngenxa yokuthi i-glimepiride inyusa ukuzwela kwezicubu ze-peripheral to insulin, ukunciphisa umthamo kungadingeka ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile sokuphatha. Ukubuyekezwa kwerejimeni yemithamo kungenziwa ngokushintsha kwesisindo sesiguli.
Uma umthamo omkhulu wansuku zonke wesidakamizwa awanele ukulawula okwanele kwamazinga kashukela, ukuphathwa kanyekanye kwe-insulin kubekiwe. Ekuqaleni, kunikezwe umthamo omncane we-hormone, ongakhula kancane kancane.
Imiphumela emibi ye-Altara
Engxenyeni yesitho sombono
Izitho zombono zingaphendula ekwelashweni ngokubonakala kokuphazamiseka okubonakalayo okuphindaphindekayo, okubangelwa ukuguquguquka kushukela wegazi.
Izitho zombono zingaphendula ekwelashweni ngokubonakala kokuphazamiseka okubukwayo okungabonakali.
Kusuka ezicutshini zemisipha
Ubuthakathaka bemisipha bungavela engxenyeni yesistimu ye-musculoskeletal, imbangela yalokho okuwumphumela we-hypoglycemic womuthi.
Amapheshana wesisu
Ezimweni ezingavamile, isifo sohudo, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukuqhakaza, izinhlungu esifundeni se-epigastric zingavela. Ipheshana le-hepatobiliary lingaphendula ekwelashweni ngokwandisa izinga lomsebenzi wama-enzyme wesibindi, ukubukeka kwe-jaundice nokuqina kwe-bile.
Izitho zeHematopoietic
Izitho zeHematopoietic zingaphendula ekwelashweni ngokubonakala kwe-leukopenia, ukwehla kwenani lamangqamuzana egazi abomvu egazini, i-granulocytopenia, i-anemia. Zonke izinguquko ezithombeni zegazi ziyaphenduka.
Isistimu yezinzwa ephakathi
Uma i-hypoglycemia yenzeka, kungavela ukuvela kobuthakathaka, ukozela, nokukhathala okusheshayo.
Imiphumela emibi yesidakamizwa ingahle ivele engxenyeni yesistimu yezinzwa esemkhathini ngesimo sokuzela.
Kusuka ohlelweni lokuphefumula
Ukwephulwa kungaqhamuki.
Engxenyeni yesikhumba
Ukuphendula kwe-hypersensitivity yesikhumba, ukulunywa, i-urticaria, i-photosensitivity, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba.
Kusuka ohlelweni lwezitho zofuzo
Imiphumela emibi ayibonwa.
Kusuka ohlelweni lwezinhliziyo
Mhlawumbe ukubonakala kwe-hypotension, ukukhuphuka kwenhliziyo.
Ngasohlangothini lwe-metabolism
I-Hyponatremia, i-hypoglycemia.
Allergies
Amasosha omzimba angaphendula umuthi nge-anaphylaxis, ukusabela komzimba, ukubonakaliswa kwe-vasculitis, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hypotension kuze kube sesimweni sokushaqeka.
Lapho uthatha i-Altar, kunengozi yokulimazeka okubonakalayo kwesikhashana, okungaba yingozi ngenkathi ushayela.
Umthelela ekhonweni lokulawula izindlela
Ucwaningo lwethonya lomuthi ezingeni lokuphendula nokunaka kokunakwa alwenziwe. Ngenxa yokushintshashintsha kokugcotshwa kwe-glucose glucose ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela, kunengozi yokulimazeka okubukwayo okwesikhashana neminye imiphumela emibi engaholela ezimweni eziyingozi lapho ushayela.
Ukuphepha kungagcinwa ngenkathi kwenziwa imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi edinga ukunakwa okwandisiwe kokukalwa, ngokulinganisa njalo amazinga e-glucose. Ngokwanda noma ukwehla kwayo okuningi, kunconywa ukwenqaba okwesikhashana ukwenza imisebenzi enjalo.
Imiyalo ekhethekile
Sebenzisa ebudaleni
Abantu asebekhulile banengozi eyandayo ye-hypoglycemia. Badinga ukuqaphela ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.
Isabelo sezingane
Akunasipiliyoni esanele ngokusetshenziswa komuthi ezigulini zaleli qembu. Uma kudingeka ukwelashwa kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-18, kufanele kukhethwe isidakamizwa esifanelekile.
Ukuhambisana notshwala
Akunconywa ukuhlanganisa ukuthatha umuthi notshwala. Lokhu kungaholela ekwandeni noma ekunciphiseni komphumela we-hypoglycemic we glimepiride.
Isicelo sokusebenza kokulimala kwezinso
Ukuthatha umuthi ukuze ukhubazeke kakhulu ku-renal kuqinisekisiwe. Abantu abanobunzima obulinganiselwe kuya kokulinganiselwe kokulingene kufanele baqaphele ikakhulukazi ngenkathi belashwa.
Sebenzisa umsebenzi wesibindi okhubazekile
Ukulimazeka kokusebenza kwe-Hepatic yisikhathi sokuqapha kaningi kwamazinga we-enzyme yesibindi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Ngokungasebenzi kahle kwe-hepatobiliary tract dysfunction, i-glimepiride therapy kufanele ishiywe.
Ukweqisa kwe-Altar
Inkomba eyinhloko ye-overdose ukwehla okukhulu kwamazinga kashukela. Kulokhu, kubuthakathaka obukhulu, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukujuluka, kanye nomuzwa wokukhathazeka kuphakama. Ukuqina, ukuqwasha, ukuphazamiseka kohlelo lwe-endocrine kungavela. Ukuswelakala kweglucose enkulu kubonakala ngendlela yezinkinga zokuphefumula, ukuncipha kwethambo, ukubanjwa ngamandla kanye nokuqaqanjelwa.
Usizo lwezimpawu ze-overdose lwenziwa kusetshenziswa i-gastric lavage, ukusetshenziswa kwama-sorbents.
Uma isiguli sazi, sinikezwa ushukela ongu-20 g ngomlomo. Uma kwenzeka ulahlekelwe ukwazi nezinye izinkinga ezinkulu, kufakwa isisombululo sikashukela esingu-20% esifinyelela ku-100 ml. Mhlawumbe ukuphathwa kwe-glucagon ecashile. Ngemuva kokuba isiguli siphaphama, sinikezwa i-30 g sikashukela ngomlomo njalo emahoreni angama-2 izinsuku ezimbili ezilandelayo. Ngemuva kokwelashwa, i-glycemia ibhekwa.
Ukuxhumana nezinye izidakamizwa
Umsebenzi we-glimepiride, okuyisakhi esiyinhloko esisebenzayo somuthi, kuya ngezinga lomsebenzi we-cytochrome P450 2C9. Ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-glimepiride enama-ejenti evimba noma asebenze le cytochrome, amandla noma okuncipha komphumela we-hypoglycemic umuthi kungenzeka.
Ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-glimepiride namanye ama-ejenti, ukubangwa noma buthaka komphumela we-hypoglycemic wesidakamizwa kungenzeka.
I-Potentiation ibonwa lapho umuthi uhlanganiswa nama-pyrazolidines athile, ezinye izidakamizwa ze-antidiabetic, ama-quinolones, ama-sympatholytics, i-insulin, i-adenosine eguqula ama-enzyme inhibitors, i-cyclophosphamide, i-fibrate.
Umphumela we-hypoglycemic we-glimepiride wehliswa amandla nge-thiazide diuretics, glucocorticosteroids, laxatives, glucagon, barbiturates, sympathomimetics, rifampicin.
Ama-Beta-blockers nama-histamine receptor blockers angawenza womabili amandla futhi enze buthaka umphumela wesidakamizwa.
I-Glimepiride inganyusa noma inciphise imiphumela yokutholwa kwe-coumarin.
Sebenzisa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokukhishwa komzimba
Imininingwane yokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kuleli qembu leziguli ayanele. Abesifazane abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 bayelulekwa ukuba banikezwe izeluleko zokwelashwa ngaphambi kokuhlela ukukhulelwa. Kaningi, iziguli ezinje zinconywa ukuthi zishintshele ekwelashweni kwe-insulin.
Akukho datha ekungeneni kwento esebenzayo ebisini. Mayelana nengozi engaba khona yokuthola i-hypoglycemia enganeni, kunconyelwa ukuthi idluliselwe ekunikezeni ukudla okwenziwe ngamawala.
Ama-Analog
Ama-analoggs aleli thuluzi yilawa:
- I-Amaryl;
- UGlemaz.
Imibandela yekhefu lekhemisi
Badedelwa ngokuya ngomuthi kadokotela.
Ngingakwazi ukuthenga ngaphandle kadokotela
Cha.
Intengo
Izindleko zincike endaweni othenge kuyo.
Izimo zokugcina zomuthi
Kufanele igcinwe endaweni eyomile ekushiseni okungadluli + 30 ° ะก.
Isikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi
Umuthi ulungele ukusetshenziswa kungakapheli iminyaka emi-2 kusukela ngosuku lokukhululwa. Ukusetshenziswa okwengeziwe akunconywa.
Umkhiqizi
Ukubhaliswa kwezidakamizwa kuphethwe iMenarini International Operations Luxembourg. Izikhungo zokukhiqiza zitholakala eNdiya.
Ukubuyekezwa
UVictor Nechaev, udokotela wobuchopho, eMoscow
Ithuluzi elisebenzayo elikuvumela ukuthi ulondoloze i-glucose efanele ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Uma uthatha ngokuya ngohlelo olunconyiwe futhi ulawula izinga le-glucose, imiphumela emibi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ayivelakancane.
Ngingaphinde ngincome ukuqaphela ngezikhathi ezithile komsebenzi wama-enzyme wesibindi. Lokhu kuzosiza ukugwema ushintsho emsebenzini wamakhemikhali wesidakamizwa, okungaholela ku-hypoglycemia. Ukuhlolwa kwangesikhathi esizayo kuzoba ukuvikela okuhle kwemiphumela emibi. Uma izinkomba ziguquka, udokotela uzokwazi ukulungisa umthamo noma ahoxise umuthi okwesikhashana.
Ngincoma leli thuluzi kuzo zonke iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela esinga-insulin. Leli thuluzi liyabiza futhi liyasebenza. Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi ye-glycemic ngemali encane.
UMarina Oleshchuk, udokotela we-endocrinologist, uRostov-on-Don
UGliperimide ubhekana kahle nomsebenzi. Ithuluzi livuselela ukukhishwa kwe-insulin futhi lisiza umzimba ukuba ulungene ngamandla. Ngiyinikeza iziguli ezingakwazi ukulawula okuqukethwe kwe-glucose egazini ngosizo lokwelashwa kokudla kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba.
Isifo sikashukela esinga-insulin sincika ngenxa yezizathu eziningi, phakathi kwazo ezikhuluphele. Ngincoma ukuthi abantu abanjalo baxube ukuthatha lesi sidakamizwa nomsebenzi womzimba kanye nokudla okufanele. Ngeke kube yinto ephezulu kakhulu ukubheka umsebenzi we-yegilo yegilo, ongaba nomthelela ekuzuzeni isisindo.
Kwezinye iziguli, ukuphatha kanyekanye kwe-glimepiride ne-insulin kuphela. Ukuze ulondoloze amazinga e-glucose ajwayelekile, qiniseka ukuthi uthintana nodokotela we-endocrinologist ngezikhathi ezithile. Uchwepheshe kuphela ongakhetha ikhambi elanele elizokuvumela ukuthi uphile impilo esebenzayo, ukhohlwe ngesifo sikashukela.
ULydia, oneminyaka engama-42, Kislovodsk
Ngithathe lesi sidakamizwa cishe iminyaka emi-5. Konke kwakuhamba kahle. Ayikho imiphumela emibi uma ulandela umzimba. Bheka kuphela ushukela osesikhathini, futhi konke kuzohamba kahle. Kepha ngokuqhubeka kwesikhathi, inhlala-kahle yami yaqala ukuwohloka kancane.
Ngonyaka odlule, waqala ukubona ukuthi ushukela wegazi wayekhula kancane. Wathatha umthamo omkhulu we-glimepiride, ngakho-ke kwadingeka ngibone udokotela. Waqhubeka nokwelashwa ukubona ukuthi ushukela uzokwenyuka yini futhi. Kwavela ukuthi umzimba eminyakeni edlule yokuwusebenzisa usujwayele umuthi futhi awusasabeli ekwelashweni. Bekumele ngishintshele kwithuluzi elisha.
Ngingasincoma lesi sidakamizwa kubo bonke abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, kodwa vakashela udokotela ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze aqiniseke ukuthi akukho ukulutha.
UPeter, oneminyaka engama-35 ubudala, eSt
Ithuluzi elihle ngenani elanele. Bengilokhu ngikuthatha isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka, kanti akukho zikhalazo. Yize ngifunde ngemiphumela emibi emiyalweni, angizange ngihlangane nabo lapho ngizilolonga.Ngiphuza umthamo ophansi we-glimepiride, ngakho angikwazi ukusho ukuthi iziguli zizizwa kanjani, ezisizwa kuphela ngemithamo ephezulu. Ngingasincoma lesi sidakamizwa kunoma ngubani onenkinga yesifo sikashukela esingaxhomekeki ku-insulin. Gada izinga le-glucose bese uya kudokotela ngesikhathi, khona-ke ukwelashwa kuyokwenzeka ngaphandle kweminye imiqondo.
