Isifo sikashukela mellitus siba yinkinga enkulu ngokwanda emphakathini wanamuhla. Lesi sifo siqala ukukhula ngesikhathi lapho ushukela egazini lomuntu ukhuphuka ngaphezu kwenqanaba elamukelekayo. Isifo sikashukela yisifo esikhohlisayo, ngoba asikaze sizwakale isikhathi eside.
Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda izimpawu eziyinhloko zalesi sifo ukuze usikhombe ekuqaleni kwesifo, futhi wazi nokuthi ungasibona kanjani isifo sikashukela. Lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi kungagcini nje ukugcina inani likashukela wegazi kujwayelekile, kodwa futhi nokuyekisa isifo sikashukela ngaphambi kokuthi kubangele ukulimala okukhulu empilweni.
Izinhlobo zesifo sikashukela
Izimpawu zizohluka ngokuya ngohlobo lwesifo. Umuthi uhlukanisa izinhlobo eziningana zesifo sikashukela:
- uhlobo lokuqala;
- uhlobo lwesibili;
- ukuthinta;
- neonatal.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlobo lokuqala nolwesibili luyizibonakaliso eziyinhloko ezinikezwa yisifo sikashukela.
Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa sivame kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Phakathi kwamasonto we-14 nele-26 lokukhulelwa, abanye omama abakhulelwe bangaqala ukuthola amazinga akhuphukayo egazi labo, okusikisela ukuthi i-pancreas ayikwazi ukunikeza umzimba nge-insulin eyanele.
Njengomthetho, isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa sinyamalala ngokushesha ngemuva kokuzalwa. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, khona-ke sesingavele sikhulume ngokuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela seqiniso, noma ngabe yikuphi, ukuhlolwa okuku-inthanethi kwengozi yesifo sikashukela kwabesifazane ngeke kuphume lapho.
Isifo sikashukela se-Neonatal sibangelwa uhlobo olushintshiwe olubhekele ukwenziwa kwe-insulin. Lolu hlobo lokugula luqabukela kakhulu kwezokwelapha.
I-insulin ikhiqizwa ama-pancreas abantu ngamanani anele okugcina ushukela wegazi ulawulwa. Uma, ngenxa yokwephulwa kohlelo lwe-autoimmune, ukulethwa kwaleli hormone kuphazamiseka, khona-ke kuzovela izimpawu zohlobo lwe-1 mellitus yesifo sikashukela.
Uma inani elijwayelekile le-insulin likhiqizwa, kepha alisebenzi, khona-ke isifo se-mellitus sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili (esincike ku-insulin) sesivele sikhula.
Izimpawu eziphambili zalesi sifo
Kunezimpawu ezimbalwa ongabona ngazo ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi unesifo sikashukela. Ngakho-ke, izimpawu eziphambili zalesi sifo esiyingozi yilezi:
- ukuchama kaningi kanye nephrofayili;
- ushintsho olungazelelwe kwesisindo;
- umuzwa ongapheli wokukhathala;
- umlomo owomile
- umuzwa ongenakuphikwa wendlala;
- ukuguquguquka kwemizwa;
- ukweqile ngokweqile kwemizwa;
- ukwanda kokutheleleka kokutheleleka;
- amanxeba noma ukulimala kwesikhumba kuphole isikhathi eside kakhulu.
Udokotela kuphela ongakuqinisekisa lokhu kutholwa. Ukuze uthole lokhu, kungadingeka ukuthi wenze izivivinyo ezithile futhi uvivinye.
Inani lomchamo ongakhishwa umuntu phakathi nosuku lingasho ngamathuba okuthola lesi sifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugxumagxuma okungazelelwe kwesisindo kunoma iyiphi indlela kufanele kuxwayise futhi kushukumise isiguli ukubonana nodokotela. Izinguquko zesisindo zenzeka ngoba isiguli esegazini singaba noshukela omncane noma ushukela omningi. Ukukhathala ngokweqile noma ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kungaholela emizweni engapheli yokukhathala. Isimpawu sokugcina singabonakala ngokwamazinga ahlukahlukene obukhulu.
Uma kunokucindezelwa ngokweqile kwengqondo noma ngokomzimba, khona-ke inani le-insulin esegazini lihla njalo futhi liholele ekulahlekelweni kwamandla.
Abantu abaningi kungenzeka bangazi nakancane ukuqala kwesifo sikashukela. Lesi sifo singabonakala kuphela ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okuhleliwe noma ngenxa yokuzwa kokukhuphuka kwezimpawu zaso.
Umuzwa ongenakuphikwa wendlala awushiyi abantu abaningi abanesifo sikashukela. Lapho nje lesi sifo siqala ukukhula, amazinga e-insulin ayawa, okuvusa isifiso sokudla. Ngenxa yalokhu, isiguli siqala ukumunca ngenkuthalo ukudla, kepha singatholi ukugcotshwa okugcwele kulokhu.
Ukukhuphuka kokuchama okuchichima kubuye kubuye ngesimpawu salesi sifo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ushukela wegazi uyakhula, uphoqa izinso ukuthi zisebenze ngokuqina, lezi zibonakaliso zesifo sikashukela kubantu besifazane zitholakala nakwabesilisa.
Ushukela ofanayo wegazi uthinta iziphetho zezinzwa ebuchosheni, ubangele ukucasuka okungafanele kanye nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuhlukahlukene. Umuntu onesifo sikashukela uhlala enovalo ngaphandle kwesizathu esihle futhi akakwazi ukubhekana nomuzwa wokudangala. Isifo sikashukela sishintsha kancane isimo sengqondo ngokuphila. Lokhu kuboniswa budedengu nokwesaba ukungathandeki.
Olunye uphawu lwesimo umbono ongalungile. Uma ushukela wegazi lesiguli ukhuphuka ngaphezu kwezinga elivumelekile, khona-ke lesi simo siba yingozi enkulu ku-lens yeso. Uma ungathathi izinyathelo ezifika ngesikhathi, ungalahlekelwa umbono wakho ngokuphelele.
Ukuhlolela isifo sikashukela
Uma okungenani eyodwa yezimpawu ezingenhla zesifo iziveza kumuntu, khona-ke ukuhlolwa kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha okukhulu, okungaqinisekisa noma kuphike ubukhona besifo sikashukela. Uma wenza lokhu ekuqaleni kwesigaba, kungenzeka ukugwema imiphumela eminingi emibi futhi uyeke ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izivivinyo zizosiza ukuvikela ukufa kusuka ku-glucose engalawulwa. Ungathatha futhi isivivinyo sikashukela esiku-inthanethi eminyakeni eyi-10 ezayo, esikuyo esizeni sethu.
Ngokuqala kokuqala, kungabonakala sengathi kunzima kakhulu ukuthola isifo sikashukela, noma kunjalo, kungenzeka ukwenza lokhu ngisho nasezimeni ezijwayelekile zasekhaya. Izindlela ezikhethekile zokuhlola ziyatholakala kumuntu ojwayelekile ofuna ukwazi isimo sempilo yazo noma akhathazeke ngenhlala-kahle yezihlobo zakhe.
Imitha kashukela wegazi
Indlela enembe kunazo zonke yokubheka ushukela wakho wegazi ngemitha ephathelene noshukela egazini. Le divayisi ingathathwa nawe yonke indawo ukuzithiba. Izindleko ezimaphakathi zedivayisi enjalo zingasukela kuma-ruble angamaRussia ayi-3 000. Amamitha afanayo kashukela akhiqizwa ephelele ngemichilo ekhethekile yokuhlola, kanye namadivayisi okubhoboza isikhumba.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi nokukhumbula ukuthi ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa ngakunye kwemitha kubalulekile ukugeza izandla zakho ngensipho ngokuphelele. Lokhu akudingeki nje kuphela ukugcina inhlanzeko yomuntu siqu, kodwa futhi nokususa izinsalela ushukela ebusweni besikhumba sezandla, okungeke kuvume ukuguqulwa kokufundwa kwensiza.
Inkomba ejwayelekile kashukela wegazi esiswini esingenalutho izoba ngeyodwa ngokuqinile ebangeni le-70 kuya ku-130 mg / dl. Uma isifundo sithathe ukudla cishe amahora ama-2 ngaphambi kokukhohliswa, umphumela uyovele uphakeme kakhulu futhi uzoba ngu-180 mg / dl. Uma kungekho glucometer, ungathatha ukuhlolwa kwe-Intanethi ngengozi ye-prediabetes.
Imichilo Yokuhlola Umchamo
Ukuthola ushukela wegazi ngemichilo ekhethekile yokuhlola kuyindlela engenzi lutho yokulawula amazinga kashukela womchamo. Izindleko ezijwayelekile zamadivayisi anjalo zizoba ngama-ruble angama-500. Ngaphezu imivimbo, ungathatha online inthanethi 2 uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela.
Imichilo enjalo isetshenziswa kuphela ukuthola ushukela ophezulu ngokwanele. Ngeke kube nalusizo uma inkomba yalo ingaphansi kwe-180 mg / dl. Uma i-glucose itholwe ngenxa yokusebenzisa umucu wokuhlola, kungcono ukusebenzisa enye indlela enganikeza umbono wokuhlushwa kwayo ngqo.
Ikhithi ye-A1C
Kukhona enye indlela - lokhu ukusetshenziswa kwekithi elikhethekile i-A1C. Amadivaysi anjalo asiza ukubheka izinga le-hemoglobin futhi akhombise isilinganiso soshukela ezinyangeni ezi-3 ezedlule. Uma ukhetha le ndlela yokuxilonga, kuzodingeka uyeke ukukhetha okukodwa okunganikeza imiphumela kungakapheli imizuzu emi-5 ngemuva kokusebenza kwayo.
Kukuziphi izimo lapho kufanele ngibone khona udokotela
Noma ngubani osola ukuthi okungenani unezimpawu zesifo sikashukela kufanele afune usizo lwezempilo ngokushesha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kwenziwa ushukela wegazi, futhi kwabonisa umphumela ongaphezulu kwe-130 mg / dl, khona-ke lokhu kuyinkomba eqondile yokuhlolwa okwengeziwe.
Noma yikuphi ukufundwa kwe-glucose engaphezulu kophawu lwe-200 mg / dl akufanele kunganakwa ngodokotela. Amazinga kashukela aphezulu nawo angahlotshaniswa ne:
- hhayi ukudlula umuzwa wokoma;
- ukuchama ngokweqile;
- ubunzima bokuphefumula;
- isicanucanu
Le nhlanganisela yezimpawu ayinakwa futhi idinga ukuhlolwa ngokuphelele kwesifo sikashukela.
Uma ungalawuli ukubalwa kwegazi, khona-ke ngesinye isikhathi kungaqala inkinga ye-insulin, okungaholela emiphumeleni engalindeleki ngisho nokufa. Uma ngenxa yokuhlolwa kwe-A1C noma yimuphi umphumela wamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-6, khona-ke lokhu kuyinkomba yokuxwayisa. Umphumela ngenhla kwamaphesenti ayisishiyagalombili yisimo esidinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha kwezokwelapha futhi usengozini yokuthola inkinga ye-insulin.
