Namuhla, isifo sikashukela sitholakala kaningi; akusizi ngalutho ukuthi sesithole isimo sobhubhane lwekhulu lama-21.
Lesi sifo siyingozi: kungaholela ezinkingeni ngombono, isikhumba, inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, ekwakhiweni kwe-pathologies yezitho zangaphakathi, ezimweni ezinzima - ukukhohlisa nokufa.
Ngeshwa, akekho ophephile kwisifo sikashukela: amazinga aphezulu kashukela angatholakala ngisho nasegazini lomntwana osanda kuzalwa.
Bazali kudingeka bazi ukuthi yini evamile ushukela wegazi wengane ukuze baqale ukwelapha ingane ngesikhathi futhi bagweme imiphumela emibi yesifo sikashukela.
Kuhlolwa kanjani ushukela wegazi enganeni?
Izinga loshukela wegazi liyindlela ehlaziya ebaluleke kakhulu, futhi izingane zabo bonke ubudala (kufaka phakathi izinsana) kufanele zikwenze njalo: okungenani kanye ezinyangeni eziyisithupha.
Ngokuvamile, amasampula egazi okuhlaziywa enziwa esiswini esingenalutho, kodwa ezinganeni le mfuneko inganakwa. Ngaphambi kokuthatha isivivinyo, umsebenzi wengane akufanele ukhuthazwe: ngenxa yokuzivocavoca ngokomzimba, umphumela ungaba ungalungile: okungenhla nangaphansi kwesijwayelekile.
Ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa, igazi lithathwa ukuze lihlaziywe esithendeni: iminwe ezandleni zezingane isencane kakhulu kangangokuba amasampula egazi angenazinhlungu futhi angenazinkinga kusuka lapho cishe akunakwenzeka.
Ezinganeni ezikhulile kancane, eminyakeni yezinyanga ezimbalwa, ukuhlaziya kungathathwa kusukela ezinzwaneni noma futhi esithendeni. Yebo, ezinganeni ezisuka ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, igazi selivele lithathwe "njengasezikhathini ezinkulu", kusuka emunwe wokukhala wesandla sobunxele.
Ukuhlaziywa kunikezwa ngesisekelo sokuphuma, kepha ungasebenzisa futhi imitha kashukela wegazi ekhaya. Uma isinqumo sokwenza lokhu kuhlaziya ekhaya, kuyadingeka ukukhipha amagciwane endaweni yengane (kulabhorethri noma emtholampilo, lokhu, kuzokwenziwa ngumhlengikazi).
Isimo sikashukela wegazi ezinganeni ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa
Imvamisa yoshukela wegazi ezinganeni ihlukile kwezinkomba ezijwayelekile zabantu abadala. Lo mehluko ubonakala ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa nezinsana: ukucaciswa kwezinqubo ze-metabolic zezinsana kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi amazinga ajwayelekile we-glucose kuzo kuyizinkomba ezibhekwa njengephansi kakhulu kubantu abadala.
Ithebula elingezansi libonisa amazinga ajwayelekile eglucose wezingane zeminyaka ehlukene:
Iminyaka | Norm |
Kuze kube inyanga eyi-1 | 1.7-4.2 mmol / L |
Inyanga e-1 kuya kweziyi-6 | 2.2-4.5 mmol / L |
Izinyanga eziyi-6 kuye kunyaka ongu-1 | 2.5-4.7 mmol / L |
Kusuka onyakeni owodwa kuye eminyakeni emi-2 | 2.8-4.9 mmol / L |
Kusuka eminyakeni emi-2 kuye kweli-6 | 3.3-5.1 mmol / L |
Kusuka eminyakeni engu-7 kuye kweyi-12 | 3.3-5.6 mmol / L |
Iminyaka eyi-12 kuye kweli-18 | 3.5-5.5 mmol / L |
Okwamanje, isifo sikashukela sokubeletha asikalungiswa, kodwa ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuzalwa, ukuphazamiseka ku-carbohydrate metabolism kungenzeka, okuholela ekwandeni koshukela.
Izinsana kunzima kakhulu ukubekezelela noma ukuguquguquka okuncane kushukela. Njengomthetho, ukwephulwa okwenzeka ngalesi sikhathi kuholela emiphumeleni emibi.
Ngokuvamile (ezimweni ezingama-98%), izingane zitholakala ukuthi zinesifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin - uhlobo 1 sikashukela.
Kwenzeka ngenxa yezinkinga ngama-pancreas: amaseli akhe awakhiqizi i-insulin, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi awekho emzimbeni noma awanele ukuphula ushukela.
Lesi sifo sithathwa njenge-autoimmune, ngeshwa, izindlela zokuvimbela isifo sikashukela 1 azikabikho. Ngokusho kwe-WHO, ingane eyodwa kumakhulu amahlanu emhlabeni unesifo sikashukela.
Izimbangela nengozi yokuphambuka kwe-glucose kusuka kokujwayelekile ezinganeni ezinonyaka owodwa
Uma izinga le-glucose egazini lengane enonyaka owodwa lingangeni ngaphansi kwamazinga amisiwe, lokhu kungakhombisa ukukhula kwezifo ezahlukahlukene. Ngasikhathi sinye, zombili ezedlula umkhawulo ophezulu nezinkomba ezingezansi kokujwayelekile ziyingozi.
Inani elincishisiwe
Njengomthetho, ushukela wegazi lomntwana ukhonjiswa kahle ngaphandle. Ngezinga le-glucose ephansi, ingane iqala ukukhathazeka, umsebenzi wayo uyanda ngokubonakalayo, uma ingane ingondli, khona-ke ukujuluka okunzima, isiyezi, nokuqina.
Uma njengamanje ungathathi isenzo (futhi ucezu kashukela noma uswidi kungasiza), lesi simo singakhula size siphelelwe amandla okuba nomqondo nokuqwashisa nge-hypoglycemic.
Izimbangela zokwehla koshukela enganeni zingaba:
- ukuzila ukudla isikhathi eside (ikakhulukazi kuhlangene nokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni);
- isifo se-pancreatic;
- izifo ezingamahlalakhona;
- ukulimala kwengqondo ebuhlungu;
- ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic;
- ubuthi nge-chloroform noma i-arsenic.
Ukuze unqume ngokunembile imbangela yokwehla koshukela wegazi, udinga ukuhlola ingane, futhi uqaphele umbuso wokuncelisa kwayo.
Izinga elikhulayo
Imvamisa, ukwanda kwe-glucose enganeni kusayina isifo sikashukela. Ngeshwa, ushukela omningi (ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezisebenzayo nezisebenza nge-motile) kungenzeka ungazivezi ngaphambi kokuba ukwanda kufinyelele kumazinga abucayi, futhi ingane iwele esimweni se-glycemic coma - kahle, ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuphuthumayo kungasiza kuphela lapha ngesikhathi.
Ngokungeziwe ekuthuthukisweni kwesifo sikashukela, inkomba izokwandiswa kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:
- ukukhuluphala - ngenxa yalokhu, izicubu zomzimba zilahlekelwa umuzwa wazo we-insulin, futhi, ngenxa yalokho, amazinga kashukela egazi ayanda;
- ukucindezela ngaphambi kokuthatha ukuhlaziywa - kulokhu, izindlala ze-adrenal ziqala ukukhiqizwa okusebenzayo kwama-hormone, okungathinta umphumela;
- izifo nezihlunu zezitho zokugcina zangaphakathi (i-pituitary, gland adrenal, gland yegilo);
- isimila se-pancreatic;
- ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwezidakamizwa ezithile, isibonelo, ama-NSAIDs.
Kunoma ikuphi, kuyadingeka ukuthi kuqhutshekwe nokuhlolwa kwengane ukuthola izizathu eziqondile zokwanda ushukela.
Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela ezisanda kuzalwa
Ngenhlanhla, isifo sikashukela ezinsaneni asitholakali kakhulu. Kepha kufanele usibhekele kahle isimo sengane yakho, ubone ukuthi uyakhombisa yini ukuthi unesifo sikashukela: phela, ingane ayikwazi ukukhalaza ngokungazizwa imnandi.
Izimpawu eziphambili zesifo sikashukela ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa yilezi:
- ubuthakathaka, ubuthi, ukuqina okuhlala kwengane;
- ingane iphuza kakhulu futhi kaningi;
- ukuchama kaningi;
- ukuqina kwesisindo kuhamba kancane, isisindo sengane asihambisani nobudala;
- iphunga le-acetone elisuka emlonyeni, lisuka kumchamo;
- ukuphefumula okunomsindo njalo, ukushaya ngamandla;
- ukuqunjelwa udoti, amanxeba okuphulukisa angahambi kahle.
Vele, lezi zimpawu aziveli ngasikhathi sinye, zanda kancane, kepha ngokushesha lapho abazali besola ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle bese benza isivivinyo soshukela ezinganeni zabo, kulapho kungenzeka ukuthi kugwemeke izinkinga ngempilo yengane.
Izici zobungozi zokuthola ushukela ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa yilezi:
- ifa - kulokhu, uma omunye noma abazali ababili benesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, ingane kungenzeka ikhule ngohlobo 1 sikashukela (30- 40%);
- ukhuluphele kubazali;
- ukunciphisa ukungatheleleki;
- izinkinga zokudla.
Yini okufanele yenziwe uma ingane isolwa ngokuba nesifo sikashukela?
Ezinganeni, lesi sifo siyakhula futhi siqhubeka ngokushesha okukhulu, ngakho-ke into yokuqala okufanele uyenze uma usola ukuthi isifo sikashukela ukubona udokotela.Udokotela wezingane zasendaweni (futhi kungcono ukuthola udokotela wobugqila wezingane) uzonikeza umuntu odluliselwe ekuhlolweni kwegazi nge-glucose, futhi uma amanani avamile edluliwe, uzokwenza izivivinyo ezingezekile, ngokwesibonelo, ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela kwe-glucose noma ukuhlaziya i-hemoglobin ye-glycated.
Uma ushukela omkhulu wegazi uqinisekisiwe, kuzonqunywa ukwelashwa okufanele, futhi lapha umsebenzi wabazali ukulandela ngokucophelela imiyalo kadokotela obonayo.
Ngaphezu kokuthatha umuthi, ungadinga:
- ukunakekelwa kwesikhumba okungeziwe kwengane;
- ukudla;
- umsebenzi womzimba (ngokuya ngeminyaka).
Amavidiyo ahlobene
Mayelana nokujwayelekile koshukela wegazi enganeni ngonyaka 1 kule vidiyo:
Usana olusanda kuzalwa luyisidalwa esingenakusizwa sithembele ngokuphelele kubazali baso. Futhi kuphela isimo sabo sokunakekela impilo, isimo, ukuziphatha kwengane yabo kuzomsiza ukuthi akhule enempilo.