Ama-antibiotic, anjenge-Amoxicillin noma i-Azithromycin, yiqembu lezidakamizwa ezingavimbela ukukhula nokukhiqizwa kabusha kwamagciwane we-pathogenic noma ukubashabalalisa. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-antibacterial agents ahlukile ekwakhiweni nasekusebenzeni maqondana ne-pathogen ethile, okubalulekile ukuthi ucabangele lapho ukhetha i-antibiotic, ngaphandle kwalokho ukwelashwa kungenzeka kungasebenzi.
Ukwenza kanjani i-Amoxicillin
Umuthi uyingxenye yeqembu le-penicillin futhi ulwa namagciwane asetshenziswa ngobubanzi obungenakubalwa obususelwa ku-amoxicillin trihydrate.
I-Amoxicillin noma i-Azithromycin yiqembu lezidakamizwa ezingavimbela ukukhula nokukhiqizwa kwamagciwane we-pathogenic noma ukubabhubhisa.
Umphumela wokwelapha utholakala ngokucindezela ukwakheka kwezindonga zeseli zamagciwane ezinaka umuthi. Isebenza ngokumelene ne-gram-positive ne-gram-negative cocci, enye i-bacilli ye-gram-negative: uShigella, uSalmonella, uKlebsiella, u-E. coli. Amagciwane akhiqiza i-penicillin ebhubhisa i-penicillin amelana nemithi elwa namagciwane.
Ngokuhambisana ne-metronidazole icindezela umenzeli we-causative we-Helicobacter pylori ukutheleleka.
Lapho uphuza ngomlomo, umuthi udonswa ngokushesha, ungena kwezicubu nakamanzi omzimba. Kuthuliswa izinso zingashintshiwe.
Izinkomba ezisetshenziswayo:
- izifo zokuphefumula, kufaka phakathi i-bronchitis;
- izifo zokugaya ipheshana;
- izifo zesikhumba zemvelo esithathelwanayo;
- izifo zesistimu yezitho zofuzo.
Umuthi ubekwa ngemithi uma kungenzeka kutholakale lapho kuhlangana khona nezakhi zomzimba, i-mononucleosis ethelelekayo, i-lymphocytic leukemia. Unganikeli i-antibiotic kwifomu le-capsule ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-5.
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuqunjelwa, singasetshenziswa kuphela njengoba kuyalelwe udokotela futhi sibheka zonke izingozi. Inqamula kwi-placenta iye kubisi lwebele.
I-Amoxicillin ingadala imiphumela engemihle njenge:
- ukulunywa, ukuqunjelwa kwemvelo yokwaliwa, i-conjunctivitis;
- isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo;
- i-leukopenia, thrombocytopenia;
- ikhanda
- ukungalali kahle kanye nesifiso sokudla;
- amandla amakhulu.
Umuthi unezindlela eziningana zokukhishwa: amaphilisi, amaphilisi, isixazululo kanye nokumiswa kokuphathwa komlomo, i-powder yokujova. Ukumiswa kuqukethe i-sucrose, okumele icatshangwe ngabantu abanesifo sikashukela.
Umthamo womuthi ubekwa ngawodwana, kucatshangelwa ubunzima benkambo yesifo kanye nezimpawu zesiguli. Umthamo onconyiwe wabantu abadala nezingane ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-10 onesisindo somzimba ongaphezu kwamakhilogremu angama-500 mg we-amoxicillin izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku. Izingane ezineminyaka emi-5 kuya kweli-10 zinikezwa ama-250 mg amahlandla ama-3 ngosuku, okungcono ngendlela yokumiswa.
Izakhiwo ze-azithromycin
Isidakamizwa se-antibacterial se-Semi-zokwenziwa sifakwa esiqeshini sama-azalides. Njengoba into esemqoka esebenzayo iqukethe i-azithromycin. Isiza ukunciphisa inani lamagciwane we-pathogenic, yehlisa ukukhula kwabo kanye nokuzala. Ekugxilweni okuphezulu endaweni yokuvuvukala kunomthelela ngqo ekufeni kwamagciwane.
Isidakamizwa siyasebenza ngokulwa namagciwane amaningi angenawo ugaxu ne-gram-positive, i-aerobes ne-anaerobes Amagciwane amelana ne-erythromycin awazwela i-azithromycin.
I-antibiotic isebenza ngaphandle kwamangqamuzana nangaphakathi kuyo, eqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo ngokulwa namagciwane asezindlini - chlamydia kanye ne-mycoplasmas.
Ingeniswa ngokushesha emgudwini we-gastrointestinal, imelana nemvelo ene-acidic, egxila ikakhulu ezicutshini, hhayi egazini, futhi inqwabelana ngqo ekugxiliseni ukutheleleka. Igcotshwe ngezinga elikhulu nge-bile, ngezinga elincane ngomchamo.
I-Azithromycin isebenza ngokulwa namagciwane amaningi angenawo i-gram-negative ne-gram-positive, ama-aerobes nama-anaerobes.
Kubekelwe izifo ezithathelwanayo ezibangelwa ama-microorganisms azwela i-azithromycin:
- izifo ezisezingeni eliphansi nangaphezulu;
- umkhuhlane obomvu;
- ukutheleleka kwezicubu ezithambile nesikhumba;
- izifo ezithathelwanayo zohlelo lwe-genitourinary;
- izifo zepheshana lesisu elibangelwa iHelicobacter pylori;
- Isifo seLyme esigabeni sokuqala.
Umuthi uyaphulwa uma kungenzeka umuntu othile engakwazi ukubekezelela izingxenye zomhlangano. Ngefomu le-capsule, musa ukuqasha izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-14.
Ingasetshenziswa ukwelapha abesifazane abakhulelwe uma imihlomulo elindelwe kunina ibala ubungozi obungahle bube khona kuzingane. Ungabeki ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, isikhathi sokulashwa, ukondla umntwana kumele kumiswe.
Lapho usebenzisa i-Azithromycin, imiphumela elandelayo elandelayo iyenzeka:
- isicanucanu, ukugabha, isihlalo sokukhubazeka;
- i-gastritis;
- i-jade;
- i-candidiasis yangasese;
- Ubuhlungu enhliziyweni;
- ukulunywa, ukuqubuka kwemvelo yokwaliwa, i-edema kaQuincke;
- neutrophilia, eosinophilia.
I-antibiotic itholakala ngesimo samathebulethi, amakhompiyutha nesiraphu, kanye nefomu lomjovo. Umthamo ophelele kanye nesikhathi senkambo yokwelashwa sisungulwa uchwepheshe onaka ubulukhuni besi sifo kanye nezimpawu zomuntu ngamunye. Ngokusho kokuncoma okujwayelekile, abantu abadala nezingane ezingaphezu kweminyaka eyi-14 bathatha ama-500 mg kanye ngosuku lokuqala, kusukela ezinsukwini ezi-2 kuya kweziyi-5 - ama-250 mg kanye ngosuku noma ama-500 mg kanye ngosuku izinsuku ezi-3.
Ukuqhathanisa Izidakamizwa
Ngaphandle kokuthi izidakamizwa zinomphumela we-antibacterial, zingezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, okuholela ekungafani kokwakhiwa, indlela yokusebenza nezinkomba.
Ukufana
Womabili ama-ejenti angama-semisynthetic okubanzi okubanzi amelana nama-bacterium futhi asebenza kumabhakithiliya amaningi angalungile futhi angenawo gamu. Babekelwe izifo ezahlukahlukene zemvelo ezithathelwanayo.
Le mishanguzo iyatholakala ngesimo samathebulethi namaphilisi, kanye namafomu omthamo enzelwe ukwelashwa kwezingane.
Ungene kwizithiyo zomlando, ezisatshalaliswa ngokushesha kuwo wonke izicubu zomzimba. Yimithi elwa namagciwane aphephile, nokusebenzisa okuvela lapho kuvela okubi.
Uyini umehluko
I-Amoxicillin ingeyama-penicillin, ne-Azithromycin - ama-azalides. Aziqukethe into efanayo njengengxenye esebenzayo, okuholela kokungafani kwendlela yokusebenza kanye nobubanzi.
I-Azithromycin iqongelela ikakhulukazi izicubu zomzimba futhi ikwazi ukugxila ngqo ku-foci yokutheleleka.
I-Amoxicillin ihlanganisa izingqimba zamaseli we-pathogenic futhi ichithe ubuqotho bazo, okuholela ekufeni kwamagciwane, i-Azithromycin ikwazi ukungena kwiseli ye-microbial, ivimbe umsebenzi we-ribosomes, ovimbela ukuphindaphindeka kwe-microflora ye-pathogenic.
Umsebenzi we-Azithromycin ngokumelene namagciwane ubanzi ngandlela thile kune-Amoxicillin, ngakho-ke kusebenza ngempumelelo ekwelapheni izifo ezithathelwanayo ezibangelwa yi-pathogen engaziwa.
I-Amoxicillin ayisebenzi kuma-bacterium angama-pathogenic akhiqiza ama-enzyme amelana ne-penicillin. I-Azithromycin ayikuvimbeli ukusebenza kwamagciwane amelana ne-erythromycin, okuvela kuyo.
I-Azithromycin iqongelela ikakhulukazi izicubu zomzimba futhi ikwazi ukugxila ngqo ku-foci yokutheleleka. I-Amoxicillin isatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo kuwo wonke umzimba futhi iboniswa nokuhambisana okungcono nezinye izidakamizwa.
Yikuphi okushibhile
Akunandaba nomenzi, i-Amoxicillin ingelesigaba samanani aphansi kuqhathaniswa ne-Azithromycin. Lokhu kungenxa yesikhathi sokukhiqiza kanye nezindleko zale nqubo.
I-Amoxicillin iyasebenza ezifweni esiswini nasiswini.
Yikuphi okungcono: Amoxicillin noma Azithromycin
Le mishanguzo ingeyama-subgroups ehlukene ama-antibacterial agents futhi isebenza ngokulwa namagciwane ahlukahlukene, okumele anakwe ukuze kufinyelelwe imiphumela emihle yokwelashwa.
I-Azithromycin inomsebenzi obanzi, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuyisebenzisela izifo ezibangelwa i-pathogen engaqinisekile. Uyakwazi ukucindezela i-penicillinase synthesizing bacteria.
Ngokungafani ne-analogue, i-Amoxicillin iyasebenza ekuthelelekeni kwesisu kanye nesisu. I-Azithromycin inqunyelwe kuphela izifo ezithathelwanayo zamapheshana emathunjini okubangelwa yi-Helicobacter pylori.
Ngabe i-Amoxicillin ingathathelwa indawo nge-Azithromycin?
Ngenxa yokusebenzisa isikhathi eside i-Amoxicillin, amagciwane amaningi asazivumelanisa naso futhi akhiqiza i-enzyme ekhethekile echitha izinhlayiya ze-antibiotic. Ngakho-ke, ezimweni lapho ukusetshenziswa kwesidakamizwa okusekelwe ku-amoxicillin kungalethanga umphumela oyifunayo, kungakuhle ukuthi usisuse nge-Azithromycin, enomthelela obanzi wethonya. Ungathathi imishanguzo ngasikhathi sinye.
Ukubuyekezwa kweziguli
U-Eugene, oneminyaka engama-40, eMoscow: "Ngesikhathi ngohambo lwebhizinisi ngizwa ikhanda elibuhlungu nezinye izinkomba ezingemnandi ze-sinusitis exacerbation. Kwakungekho isikhathi sokuya kudokotela, futhi izinga lokushisa alizange likhuphuke kakhulu. Kuhle ukuthi ngahamba nami nge-Azithromycin. Sekuvele ngosuku lwe-3 lokwelashwa, ngazizwa ngithuthuka "izinga lokushisa lehle, ikhanda nekhala eligobhozayo cishe sekuhambile. Ngiyaqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle komuthi, kepha njengokuphendula uhlangothi, kwaba nokuqubuka kobuso - u-antihistamine welapha.
USvetlana, oneminyaka engama-35, uChelyabinsk: "Udokotela uye wanquma i-Amoxicillin lapho ethola umphimbo obuhlungu. Ngiphuza ngokwemiyalo, bekungekho lutho olungemukeli olungejwayelekile, kuphela lapho bezwa khona ubuhlungu obukhulu endaweni yesibindi. Kepha umuthi uyakwazi ukubhekana namagciwane. Lapho umyeni wami egula, baphinde bangeniswa esibhedlela. Kodwa kuyisixazululo. Kepha ngosuku 2, lowo oshade naye waba nezinkinga zenhliziyo, waze waveza izinhlungu ezingalweni. Wamisa ukuphuza i-antibiotic, wapholisa nomphimbo obuhlungu ngemihlanga. "
Odokotela babuyekeza nge-Amoxicillin ne-Azithromycin
U-Lapin R.V., udokotela ohlinzayo oneminyaka engu-12 yesipiliyoni, eMoscow: "I-Azithromycin iyi-antibiotic ephumelelayo ekwelapheni izinqubo zokuvuvukala ezicutshini nasezithweni ezahlukahlukene zomzimba. Ngiyisebenzisa ekuziphatheni kwami, iziguli zibekezelelwa kahle, ayikho imiphumela emibi."
UVoronina O. M., udokotela wamazinyo oseneminyaka engu-17 enolwazi, uKaliningrad: "I-Amoxicillin ibhekana nomsebenzi wayo. Ngayithatha ekwelashweni kwe-gastritis, cishe ayizange ithinte amathumbu. Ungayinika ingane. Kepha akufanele uyinikeze ngokwakho, kungcono ucele usizo kudokotela uchwepheshe. "
I-Tereshkin R.V., udokotela wamazinyo oseneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili yesipiliyoni, uKrasnodar: "Ngisebenzisa i-Azithromycin ekwelashweni kwamazinyo kwezifo ezahlukahlukene zamagciwane. Ngibeka u-500 mg kanye ngosuku izinsuku ezingama-3, kwezinye izimo ngincoma ukuwuthatha ngokuhambisana nama-antihistamines kanye izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala. "
