Umuthi Clindamycin: imiyalo esetshenzisiwe

IClindamycin yi-ejenti elwa ne-antibacterial enomkhawulo obanzi wokuqhathanisa imisebenzi, okuyiqembu le-lincosamides. Isetshenziselwa ukutheleleka ngegciwane kubantu abadala nasezinganeni. Umuthi awusebenzi ku-virology pathology.

Igama lomhlaba jikelele

Igama lesiLatini elwa nalawo ma-antibiotic yi-Clindamycin.

Ath

Ikhodi ye-ATX (ukuhlukaniswa kwamakhemikhali nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali) yesidakamizwa yi-D10AF51. Iqembu - D10AF.

Khipha amafomu nokwakheka

Umuthi wenziwa kuma-capsule e-gelatin ka-150 mg, ngesimo sikakhilimu, ama-suppositories okufakwa emzimbeni we-vagina (Clindacin) kanye nesisombululo kuma-ampoules we-300 mg.

I-antibiotic itholakala ngesisombululo esikhanyayo, esingenamibala noma siphuzi kancane.

Isixazululo

I-antibiotic itholakala ngesisombululo esikhanyayo, esingenamibala noma siphuzi kancane. Emthini ophelile, uvezwa ngendlela ye-phosphate. Inani lezithako ezisebenzayo ku-1 ml yesisombululo ngu-150 mg. Izingxenye ezingeziwe zesixazululo zingama-disodium edetate, utshwala namanzi. Umuthi ubekwa kuma-ampoules ayi-2 ml, abekwe emaphaketheni ngamaseli noma amaphakethe ekhadibhodi.

Amakhandlela

Amaphilisi we-antibiotic asayizi 1, anecala elibubende kanye ne-cap cap ebomvu. Okuqukethwe kuyimpuphu emhlophe. Umuthi olwa namagciwane emzimbeni wethulwa ngesimo se-hydrochloride. Izakhi ezisizayo zalo muthi yilezi: i-lactose, i-talc, i-magnesium stearate kanye nesitashi sommbila. Isembozo siqukethe i-titanium dioxide, udoti we-quinoline ophuzi kanye nokubomvu khubalo iPonceau 4R. Icala liqukethe i-gelatin, i-azurobin nodayi omnyama. Kumabhulukwe yi-150 mg ye-antibiotic.

Amaphilisi we-antibiotic angusayizi 1. Kumabhulukwe yi-150 mg ye-antibiotic.

Amakhandlela

I-antibiotic isetshenziswa ngendlela yama-suppositories wesitho sangasese sowesifazane enesimo se-cylindrical. Umbala - ukusuka kokumhlophe kuya kphuzi kancane. Akukho okubhekwayo engxenyeni ende ye-suppositories. Into esebenzayo kumakhandlela ivezwa ngendlela ye-phosphate. Izakhi ezisizayo ngama-glycerides angenasici. Ku-1 suppository ngu-100 mg we-ejenti elwa namagciwane.

Amafutha

I-antibiotic ayitholakali ngohlobo lwamafutha, kepha isetshenziswa ngendlela yejeli kanye no-2% ukhilimu wesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Izici ezisizayo zalo muthi yilezi: i-sodium benzoate, i-castor oil, i-polyethylene oxide ne-propylene glycol. Ukhilimu usatshalaliswa kumashubhu e-aluminium. Umthamo owodwa (5 g) uqukethe ama-100 mg we-antibiotic.

I-antibiotic isetshenziswa ngendlela yejeli kanye no-2% ukhilimu wesitho sangasese omhlophe.

Isenzo se-Pharmacological

Le antibiotic isebenza kuma-microorganisms amaningi. Iyasebenza ngokulwa namagciwane angenabala futhi awadali kusetshenziswa indlela ye-Gram. Umuthi unomphumela we-bacteriostatic, okungukuthi, uvimbela ukukhula nokukhiqizwa kwamagciwane emzimbeni wezicubu. Indlela yokwenza isenzo se-antibacterial ihlotshaniswa nokwakheka kwamaprotheni.

I-Staphylococci (kufaka phakathi i-epidermal), i-streptococci, i-enterococci, i-peptococci, i-peptostreptococci, i-ejensi yokuqhamuka kwe-botulism, bacteroids, mycoplasmas, ureaplasmas, bacilli kanye ne-anaerobes engakwazi ukwakha ama-spores zizwela umuthi. Lesi sidakamizwa sisikhumbuza i-lincomycin emiphumeleni yaso yokwelapha.

I-Pharmacokinetics

Ukufakwa kwesidakamizwa esiswini namathumbu kwenzeka ngokushesha futhi kugcwele. Ukudla kubambezela ukumuncwa (ukumuncwa). Umuthi ungena kalula futhi usatshalaliswa ezicutshini. Inani elincane le-antibiotic lingena ebuchosheni.

Umuthi olwa namagciwane ungena egazini ngokushesha lapho uhanjiswa emthanjeni.

Inani elikhulu kakhulu lomuthi usegazini ngemuva kwehora eli-1 (lapho usebenzisa amaphilisi), ngemuva kwehora eli-1 (lapho lifakwa emjungeni we-gluteus) ezinganeni nangemva kwamahora ama-3 kubantu abadala. Umuthi olwa namagciwane ungena egazini ngokushesha lapho uhanjiswa emthanjeni. Umuthi ekuhlangeni okwelapha usegazini amahora angama-8 kuya kwayi-11. Ezicubu zesibindi, umuthi uyakhiwa. Umuthi udonswa yizinso ngomchamo namathumbu kuhambisana nezindunduma.

Izinkomba zokusetshenziswa

Izifo lapho umuthi ungabekwa khona yilezi:

1. Ukutheleleka kwezitho ze-ENT (ukuvuvukala i-pharynx, i-larynx, indlebe, i-paranasal sinuses, amaphaphu, i-bronchi, i-abscesses), i-pathologies yokuphefumula.
2. Umkhuhlane we-Scarlet.
3. Diphtheria.
4. Izifo zezitho zokuzala (ukulimala kwesibeletho, i-vulvovaginitis, i-colpitis, i-salpingoophoritis, i-chlamydia).
5. I-Staphyloderma, i-pyoderma, ama-abscesses, i-peritonitis.
6. I-Septicemia (ubuthi begazi ngaphandle kokulimala kwe-purulent kwezitho zangaphakathi).
7. Ukuvuvukala kwe-purulent kwezicubu zamathambo (osteomyelitis).
8. I-bacteric endocarditis (ukuvuvukala kokufakwa ngaphakathi kwenhliziyo ngomonakalo we-valve).

Umuthi ubekelwe izifo ezithweni zezitho ze-ENT.

Umuthi usetshenziselwa ukuvuvukala okuhlanzekile kwezicubu zamathambo.

Umuthi ubekelwe i-staphyloderma.

Umuthi ubekelwe umkhuhlane obomvu.

Umuthi ungabekwa njengezinyathelo zokuvimbela ukulimala kanye nokugcotshwa kodonga lwamathumbu. Kulokhu, ukuthandwa kunikezwa ngomjovo we-intramuscular or intravenous.

Contraindication

Ukuphulwa okulandelayo kokusebenzisa umuthi kubekwe emiyalweni:

• i-myasthenia gravis (buthakathaka kwemisipha);
• ukungezwani komzimba kuma-clindamycin kanye namalungiselelo we-lincomycin;
• isifuba somoya
• ulcerative form of colitis (ukuvuvukala kwekholoni);
• ukukhulelwa (ukhilimu uphephile ku-2nd kanye ne-3rd trimesters);
• inkathi yokuhlanza;
• iminyaka efinyelela eminyakeni emi-3 (ukuthola isixazululo);
• ubudala bufika eminyakeni eyi-8 noma isisindo sengane esingaphansi kwama-25 kg (kumakhompiyutha).

Ngokuqapha, udinga ukuthatha umuthi wabantu abadala kanye nabantu.

Ngokuqapha, udinga ukuthatha umuthi wabantu asebekhulile nabantu abane-renal kanye ne-hepatic pathology.

Ungayithatha kanjani

Izingane ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-15 ubudala nabadala banconywa ukuthi basebenzise i-antibacteria 1 capule ngezikhathi ezingama-6. Ezimweni ezinzima, udokotela angangezela umthamo. Imijovo idinga ukwenziwa kabili ngosuku (2 times 300 mg). Ekwelashweni kweziguli ezingaphezulu kweminyaka emi-3, umthamo ngu-15-25 mg / kg / ngosuku.

Ngokungasebenzi kahle kwesibindi nezinso, futhi esimweni sokuphazamiseka okukhulu (amahora angu-8 noma ngaphezulu), ukulungiswa komthamo akudingeki.

Ukuthatha umuthi wesifo sikashukela

Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, i-antibiotic isetshenziswa zombili ngendlela yama-ejenti omlomo, nangendlela yama-suppositories okuphathelene nokuphathwa kwe-intravaginal kanye nekhambi. Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, kunconywa ukulawula ushukela wegazi.

Imiphumela emibi

Imvamisa, ziyaphenduka futhi ziyanyamalala lapho ukwelashwa kuyekwa.

Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, i-antibiotic isetshenziswa njengasesimweni somenzeli womlomo.

Amapheshana wesisu

Lapho usebenzisa i-clindamycin, okulandelayo kungenzeka:

• i-dyspepsia (ukuqunjelwa ngesimo sohudo, isicanucanu);
• Izimpawu zokuvuvukala kwe-esophagus (ukugwinya kobunzima, ukushisa kwenhliziyo, izinhlungu);
• ukuthatheka kwesikhumba;
• ukweqisa kwama-enzyme wesibindi;
• ukukhuphuka kokuqina kwama-enzyme wesibindi egazini;
• ukukhuphuka kwenani le-bilirubin egazini;
• dysbiosis yamathumbu.

Kwesinye isikhathi iziguli zakha i-pseudomembranous colitis.

Uma usebenzisa umuthi, i-dysbiosis kungenzeka.

Izitho zeHematopoietic

Engxenyeni yegazi nezitho zokwakheka kwegazi, lezi zinguquko ezilandelayo ziyenzeka:

• ukwehla kwesibalo esimhlophe segazi;
• ukunciphisa kwe-neutrophil;
• i-agranulocytosis;
• ukwehla kwamapulangwe.

Kusuka ohlelweni lwezinhliziyo

Uma umuthi ungena emthanjeni ngokushesha kakhulu, isiyezi, ukuncipha okunciphile, ukuwohloka nobuthakathaka kungenzeka.

Kusuka ohlelweni lwe-musculoskeletal

Ngesinye isikhathi, ukuhanjiswa okungahambi kahle kwezifiso kusuka ezinhlinini kuya emisipha kuyabonakala.

Allergies

Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zokusabela komzimba ziyenzeka:

• i-urticaria (imichilo emishayo ngendlela yamashashaza ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomzimba);
• ukuqhuma kwe-maculopapular;
• dermatitis;
• i-eosinophilia (amazinga akhuphuka we-eosinophils egazini);
• i-anaphylaxis (ukwethuka, i-edema kaQuincke).

Ukungezwani komzimba okunokwenzeka ngendlela ye-urticaria.

Imiyalo ekhethekile

Uma i-pseudomembranous colitis ibanjiwe, ama-resin we-ion-exchange ayasebenza. Kuyadingeka ukumisa ukwelashwa ngama-anti-antibiotic. Uma kunesidingo, umuthi osuselwa kwi-metronidazole uyasetshenziswa futhi ukwelashwa kwe-infusion kuyenziwa.

Imiyalo esetshenzisiwe ikhombisa ukuthi ngenkathi uthatha i-clindamycin, awukwazi:

• Sebenzisa imishanguzo edonsa kabi amathumbu;
• baphuze utshwala;
• Sebenzisa eminye imikhiqizo yangasese (yekhilimu nama-suppositories).

Ngokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwe-clindamycin, njenge-erythromycin, ubungozi bokusebenzisa isikhunta njenge-yeast kanye nokukhula kwe-candidiasis kuyanda.

Ukuhambisana notshwala

Kungakhathalekile ukuthi kuthathwa kanjani umthamo wosuku nosuku, lesi sidakamizwa akufanele sithathwe kanyekanye notshwala.

Umthelela ekhonweni lokulawula izindlela

I-antibiotic ayibangelwa yisiyezi kanye nokuphazamiseka kokuhamba, ngakho-ke ayithinti ukuphathwa kwezindlela zokushayela nokushayela.

Kungakhathalekile ukuthi kuthathwa kanjani umthamo wosuku nosuku, lesi sidakamizwa akufanele sithathwe kanyekanye notshwala.

IClindamycin yezingane

Lapho unikeza izingane izidakamizwa, kubhekwa iminyaka yazo nesisindo somzimba. Amakhandlela ngeke asetshenziswe kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-8, nekhambi - kuze kube yiminyaka emi-3.

Sebenzisa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokukhishwa komzimba

Umuthi osendaweni yesisombululo namaphilisi uyaphinyiswa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ukhozi lwe-Vaginal lungasetshenziselwa izinkomba eziqinile kuphela, lapho izinzuzo zokwelashwa zedlula umthelela ongaba khona kuzingane. Ezinyangeni zokuqala ezintathu zokukhulelwa, amakhandlela awabeki, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi kufakwa izitho zomntwana ezibalulekile.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-clindamycin ngesimo sikakhilimu ngesikhathi sokuncelisa kanye nokuncelisa kungenzeka ucabangele ubungozi obukhona.

Sebenzisa ebudaleni

Umuthi wokujova nokusetshenziswa komlomo lapho usukhulile kufanele usetshenziswe ngokucophelela okukhulu.

Ukweqisa

Uma umthamo wansuku zonke wesidakamizwa udluliwe, khona-ke ukwanda kwemiphumela engathandeki kungenzeka. I-overdose yenzeka ngobuhlungu besisu, umkhuhlane kanye nezinye izimpawu. I-Hemodialysis (ukuhlanzwa kwegazi) kuleli cala ayisebenzi. Iziguli zinikezwe ama-ejenti anezimpawu. Asikho isidakamizwa. I-drug overdose ngesimo ukhilimu noma i-suppository iyivelakancane kakhulu.

Uma weqa umthamo wansuku zonke wesidakamizwa, khona-ke umkhuhlane ungavela.

Ukuxhumana nezinye izidakamizwa

Lesi sidakamizwa sithuthukisa umphumela wokwelapha wezidakamizwa ezilandelayo:

• i-aminoglycosides (streptomycin, gentamicin);
• i-rifamycin derivatives (rifampicin);
• ukuphumula kwemisipha.

Ukusetshenziswa kanyekanye kwaleli gciwane nge-ampicillin, i-magnesia, okuphuma ku-barbituric acid ne-calcium gluconate akuvunyelwe. Abaphikisi beClindamycin yi-erythromycin ne-chloramphenicol.

Umuthi awuhambi kahle ngezidambiso ze-antidiarrheal, amalungiselelo wamavithamini we-B ne-phenytoin. Uma usebenzisa ama-analcics ama-narcotic ngokufana, ukuphefumula kungamisa.

Ama-Analog

Ama-analoggues wezidakamizwa osokhilimu nguDalacin, uKlindes noKlindatsin. Zonke zikhonjiswa i-gynecological pathology. AmaGels okusetshenziswa kwangaphandle akhiqizwa iKlindatop, Klenzit-S neKlindovit. Zibalulekile ekwelashweni kwezinduna (kwezinduna) eziyinkimbinkimbi.

IClindacin B Prolong Cream iyatholakala futhi. Ihluka ngokuthi ifaka i-antifungal ntho ye-butoconazole nitrate, enwebisa ukubonakala kwesenzo se-antimicrobial. I-analogue ye-clindamycin ngesimo sesisombululo yiZerkalin. Ihlanza isikhumba sezinduna kanye nezinduna, kanye ne-Adapalen yezidakamizwa.

I-analogue yesidakamizwa i-Dalacin.

I-analogue yesidakamizwa uKlenzit nguS.

I-analogue yesidakamizwa i-Zerkalin.

Imibandela yekhefu lekhemisi

Umuthi usatshalaliswa ngugqirha.

Intengo yeClindamycin

Ama-Capsule abiza kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-170, futhi intengo yesisombululo esisuselwa kule antibiotic ingaphezu kwama-ruble angama-600. Ukhilimu ubiza kusuka kuma-ruble angama-350., Umuthi ngendlela yamakhandlela - ngaphezu kwama-ruble angama-500.

Izimo zokugcina zomuthi uClindamycin

Isixazululo sigcinwe ekukhanyeni okufiphele endaweni yokushisa ye + 15 ... + 25ºC. Indawo yokubeka amagciwane ayifanele itholakale ezinganeni. Umuthi ungokahlu B. Ama-suppositories agcinwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo, igumbi kufanele lome. Lapho ugcina ukhilimu, izinga lokushisa akufanele lidlule i-20ºC. Ijeli yeClindamycin (Klindatop) akufanele iqandwe futhi igcinwe esiqandisini.

Isikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi

Isikhilimu, umjovo nejeli zigcinwa iminyaka emi-2. Impilo yamashalofu amakhandlela namaphilisi yiminyaka emi-3.

Ukubuyekezwa kweClindamycin ngodokotela neziguli

UNikolai, oneminyaka engama-22, eMoscow: "Imilindayindonda ibikhathaza iminyaka eminingana. Udokotela weluleke lesi sidakamizwa ngokususelwa ku-clindamycin Klindatop. Emasontweni ambalwa nje, ngathola ukuthuthuka: ubomvu, ukulunywa kanye nesikhumba kwaqala ukuhlanzeka. Umuthi omuhle kakhulu we-antibacterial."

USvetlana, oneminyaka engama-37, uKaliningrad: "Muva nje sithole i-vaginosis. Besikhathazekile ngokuphuma komgudu wokuzala kanye nokungahambi kahle kokuya esikhathini.I-ukhilimu wesitho sangasese sowesifazane osekhulile onqunyelwe i-clindamycin. Ngemuva kwesonto lokwelashwa, zonke izimpawu zanyamalala. Ukuhlolwa kuvamile.”

UJulia, oneminyaka engama-43 ubudala, eNovosibirsk: "Sekuyiminyaka eminingi nginikeza lesi sidakamizwa ezigulini zami ezibhebheni, ikakhulukazi izifo zokuphefumula. Umuthi omuhle kakhulu."