Enye yama-analgesics ama-non-narcotic adumile kanye nezidakamizwa ezingezona ze-steroidal ezilwa nezifo zingamaphilisi e-acetylsalicylic acid. Umkhiqizo unomphumela we-antipyretic ne-antiplatelet (uvimbela ukunamathela kwe-platelet, uvimbela i-thrombosis).
Umuthi kudala wasetshenziswa kwezokwelapha, wafunda kahle futhi wabonwa njengomuthi obalulekile. Yayinelungelo lobunikazi futhi yangena emakethe ngaphansi kwegama elithi Aspirin elivela enkampanini yezokwelapha yaseJalimane iBayer.
I-Aspirin itholakala emikhiqizweni yamakhambi: ama-apula, ama-gooseberry, ama-currant, ama-cherries, ama-raspberries, ama-cranberries, amagilebhisi, upelepele omnandi nabanye abaningi.
Igama Lezwe elingafanele
I-Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) yigama elifanayo nelijwayelekile. NgesiLatin - Acidum acetylsalicylicum.
I-Acetylsalicylic acid ine-antipyretic ne-antiplatelet effect.
I-ATX
Amakhodi we-ATX yi-B01AC06, A01AD05, N02BA01.
Khipha amafomu nokwakheka
Ukukhishwa ifomu - amaphilisi. Zingaba segobolondweni, ngaphandle kwegobolondo, ekuhlanganiseni kokufakelwa, okufana kahle, ingane. Kugcwele emabhulashini nakumakhadibhodi.
Into esebenzayo yesidakamizwa yi-Acidum acetylsalicylicum.
Izibhebhe zimhlophe, ziyisicaba, ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, zine-chamfer yokugwinya okulula futhi inobungozi ohlangothini olulodwa.
Amathebulethi angaba yigobolondo, ngaphandle kwegobolondo, ekuhlanganiseni kokufaka kwe-enteric, i-effeedcent, yezingane.
Indlela yokusebenza
I-Aspirin ivimbela ukwakheka kwe-thromboxane A2, inciphisa ukunamathela kwamaplatelet nekhono labo lokwenza izigaxa zegazi. Lo mphumela uphikelela ngemuva komthamo owodwa isonto lonke.
I-Pharmacokinetics
Umuthi une-bioavailability ephezulu: into esebenzayo icishe igxile ngokuphelele. Ukuqedwa kwesigamu sempilo cishe imizuzu engama-20. Ukuhlushwa okuphezulu egazini kwenzeka ngemuva kwamahora amabili. Ingena kwi-placenta, idlulela ebisini lobisi. Ama-salicylates akhona kuketshezi (i-cerebrospinal, i-synovial, peritoneal), ngamanani amancane - kwizicubu zobuchopho, iminonjana itholakala ku-bile, indle, izithukuthuku.
I-ASA metabolism yenzeka esibindini, lapho kwakhiwa khona ama-metabolites amane yi-hydrolysis. Igcotshwa ngokusebenzisa izinso ezingashintshiwe (60%) nangendlela yama-metabolites (40%).
Umuthi ukhishwa ezimbanjeni ungashintshiwe (60%) nangendlela yama-metabolites (40%).
Okusizayo
I-ASA isiza ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zobuhlungu: ikhanda, ukuhlangana, izinyo, umsipha, ukuya esikhathini. Umuthi usetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimo ezibuthakathaka, izinqubo zokuvuvukala, imivimbo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukuvikela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo zemvelo, ngesikhathi sokuvuselela ukwelashwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwezihibe zegazi.
Izinkomba:
- Ischemia yenhliziyo.
- I-angina pectoris engasebenzi.
- Ukuba khona kwezinto ezisengozini zesifo senhliziyo ezi-coronary.
- Isifo samathambo
- I-Arrhythmias.
- Ukulimala kwenhliziyo.
- I-Myocardial infarction.
- Is stroke.
- I-Prosthetics of valves yenhliziyo.
- I-Mitral valve prolapse.
- Isifo seKawasaki.
- Arteritis Takayasu.
- I-Pericarditis.
- Tela.
- I-Pulmonary infarction.
- I-Thrombophlebitis yefomu le-acute.
- I-systemic sclerosis yenkambo eqhubekayo.
- Umkhuhlane ezifweni ezithathelwanayo.
- Lumbago.
- I-Neuralgia
- Ubuhlungu bekhanda ngokucindezelwa kwe-intracranial.
Contraindication
- Ukuzwela okuphezulu kwento esebenzayo noma kwezinye izinto zomuthi.
- Ukwanda kwesilonda se-peptic sohlelo lokugaya ukudla.
- I-Psychology enkulu yezinso nesibindi.
- I-hemorrhagic diathesis: i-telangiectasia, ukopha okhuphukayo.
- Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo.
- I-asthma ye-bronchial ebangelwa ama-NSAID nama-salicylates.
- I-Hyperuricemia
- Ukushoda kweVitamin K
- I-Hypoprothrombinemia.
- Ukuphamba kwe-aortic.
- I-Thrombocytopenic purpura.
- I-Thrombocytopenia.
- Ukuzala kwengane (ama-trimesters okuqala nokwesithathu).
- Ukwelashwa (ukuncelisa ibele kufanele kuyekwe isikhathi sokwelashwa nge-aspirin).
- Ukuthatha i-methotrexate ku-15 mg ngeviki.
- Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-6.
- Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-15 ubudala zokwelashwa kwezifo ezibangelwa ukuphefumula ezibangelwa amagciwane.
Contraindication ifaka ukuthwala ingane.
Ngokunakekela
Ukuqapha kufanele kusetshenziswe ku-trimester yesibili yokukhulelwa, ngenkathi uyithatha nge-anticoagulants kanye ne-methotrexate futhi phambi kwezifo ezilandelayo:
- ulcer esiswini;
- gout
- ukwehluleka kwezinso kanye nesibindi;
- iziqephu zokuphuma kwegazi emgodini wokugaya ukudla;
- komzimba ezidakamizweni;
- isifuba somoya
- ama-polyp ekhaleni;
- hay fever;
- I-COPD
- ukuntuleka kwe-glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.
Ungayithatha kanjani i-acetylsalicylic acid
Amathebhulethi e-ASA enzelwe ukuphathwa ngomlomo.
Umthamo wabantu abadala nezingane kusukela eminyakeni eyi-12: kusuka ku-500 mg kuya ku-1 g ngasikhathi, kepha hhayi ngaphezulu kwe-3 g ngosuku. Ungaphuza izikhathi ezi-3 ngosuku, isikhawu phakathi kwemithamo - okungenani amahora ama-4.
Umuthi ungadakwa amahlandla ama-3 ngosuku.
Izingane eziqala eminyakeni eyisithupha kuya kwewu-12 azivunyelwe ukuphuza i-1/2 mg (i-250 mg) ngesikhathi esisodwa. Umthamo ofanele ngu-100-150 mg. Inani lokwamukelwa ngosuku lisuka ku-4 iye ku-6.
Inkambo yokwelashwa ngaphandle kadokotela
- ngomkhuhlane - kuze kufike ezinsukwini ezi-3;
- ukudambisa izinhlungu - kuze kufike ezinsukwini eziyi-7.
Ukuthatha umuthi wesifo sikashukela
Esikhathini sikashukela (ikakhulukazi uhlobo 2), odokotela batusa ukuphuza i-Aspirin ngemithamo emincane ukuvimbela izinkinga zenhliziyo.
Imiphumela emibi ye-acetylsalicylic acid
Kusuka ohlelweni lokuhlangana kwegazi
Igazi lihamba kancane. Mhlawumbe ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hemorrhagic syndrome: ukopha okuvela ezinsinini, ekhaleni.
Engxenyeni yohlelo lwegazi lokuhlangana, ukopha okuvela ekhaleni kungenzeka.
Amapheshana wesisu
Kusukela kwipheshana lesisu, imiphumela eminingi emibi ingenzeka:
- Ubuhlungu besisu
- isicanucanu, ukuhlanza
- isifiso sokudla;
- ukushisa kwenhliziyo;
- igazi ekuhlanzeni, indle emnyama;
- ukopha emgodini wokugaya ukudla;
- isifo sohudo
- ukonakala kwesibindi;
- isilonda se-peptic.
Izitho zeHematopoietic
Kukhona ubungozi be-thrombocytopenia, i-leukopenia, i-anemia.
Isistimu yezinzwa ephakathi
Ngokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, kuvela ikhanda, kubonakale ukuthikamezeka kokuzwa, i-meningitis iyavela. Uma kwenzeka kweqa ngokweqile, i-tinnitus nesiyezi.
Kusuka ohlelweni lomchamo
Ukusebenza kwe-renal kuya ngokuya kukhuphuka, kukhuphuka izinga le-metabolinine yegazi, i-hypercalcemia, isifo se-nephrotic, ukwehluleka kwezinso, ukuthuthukisa i-edema.
Allergies
Kukhona ukuqubuka kwesikhumba nokulunywa, kukhona ubungozi bokuqhamuka ne-bronchospasm, i-edema kaQuincke kanye ne-anaphylactic shock.
Umthelela ekhonweni lokulawula izindlela
Kukholakala ukuthi i-ASA ayithinti amandla okushayela izimoto nezinye izindlela ezidinga ukugxilwa kakhulu.
Kukholakala ukuthi i-ASK ayithinti amandla okushayela izimoto nezinye izindlela.
Imiyalo ekhethekile
I-ASA ikhuthaza ukopha. Lokhu kufanele kubhekwe lapho ulungiselela ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa, okubandakanya ukukhishwa kwamazinyo, nokuxwayisa udokotela ohlinzayo. Kunconywa ukuthi uyeke umuthi isonto ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuze uvikele ukopha ngesikhathi nangemva kokuhlinzwa.
Sebenzisa ebudaleni
Odokotela batusa ukuthatha i-Aspirin ngemithamo emincane ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 ukuvimbela izifo zenhliziyo: imivimbo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukushayeka kwegazi.
Isabelo sezingane
Izingane azinqunyelwe i-Aspirin for fevers ezibangelwa izifo zokuphefumula ezibangelwa amagciwane, ngenxa yengozi yokuthola i-Reye syndrome esongela impilo, ebonakala ngokuwohloka kwamafutha kwesibindi, i-encephalopathy, kanye nokwehluleka kwesibindi okukhulu.
Izingane azinqunyelwe i-Aspirin for fevers ngenxa yengozi yokuba ne-Reye syndrome esongela impilo.
Sebenzisa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokukhishwa komzimba
Kwi-trimester yokuqala, ukuthatha i-ASA kungaholela ekukhuleni kokukhubazeka esibelethweni, ku-trimester yesithathu kunganciphisa ukusebenza, kuholele ku-pulmonary vascular hyperplasia, kanye nokuvalwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kwe-ductus arteriosus kwi-fetus.
I-Aspirin idlulela obisini lwebele futhi ikhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kokuphuma kwegazi enganeni.
Isicelo sokusebenza kokulimala kwezinso
I-ASA ikhulisa ukumbiwa kwe-uric acid emzimbeni. Akunconyelwe ukuthatha i-Aspirin ezigulini ezinokuqukethwe okunyukayo kwe-uric acid egazini nomchamo, ngezifo zezinso futhi uhlushwa yi-gout.
Sebenzisa umsebenzi wesibindi okhubazekile
Kufanele kuthathwe ngokuqapha uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle kwesibindi kuphikiswe ukwehluleka kwesibindi.
Kuyadingeka ukuthatha amaphilisi ngokuqapha uma kungasebenzi kahle isibindi.
I-overdose ye-acetylsalicylic acid
I-overdose kungenzeka ngethamo elilodwa lomthamo omkhulu kakhulu noma ngokwelashwa okuhlala isikhathi eside nge-Aspirin. Izimpawu ze-overdose emnene:
- umuzwa we-tinnitus;
- ubuthakathaka
- ukugabha, isicanucanu;
- ukuthikamezwa kwezindlebe;
- Isiyezi
- ukudideka kokwazi;
- ikhanda.
Ezimweni ezinzima zobuthi, ukubonakaliswa okulandelayo kungenzeka:
- iminyakazo
- umkhuhlane
- coma
- ukwethuka
- kwehla ushukela wegazi;
- ukwehluleka kwezinso kanye ne-pulmonary;
- stupor;
- ukomisa;
- i-pulmonary edema.
Ngokudakwa kakhulu, kuyaphuthuma ukubiza i-ambulensi.
Isibonakaliso sokweqisa okuthe xaxa kwe-Aspirin kungaba ikhanda.
Ukuxhumana nezinye izidakamizwa
Ngokusebenzisa kanye kanye neminye imithi, imiphumela elandelayo iyenzeka:
- IHeparin namanye ama-anticoagulants - ukulimala kwe-mucosa esiswini, ingozi yokopha.
- I-Methotrexate - ubuthi obukhulayo be-methotrexate.
- Amanye ama-NSAID ayingozi yokuphuma kwe-gastric kanye nokukhula kwezilonda.
- I-Glucocorticosteroids (ngaphandle kwe-hydrocortisone) - ukwehla kokuqukethwe kwama-salicylates egazini.
- Ama-pacillers ama-narcotic, ama-anticoagulants, ama-sulfonamides - umphumela wale mishanguzo uyathuthukiswa.
- Ama-diuretics, izidakamizwa ze-antihypertensive - ukusebenza kwawo kuyancishiswa.
- I-Valproic acid - ubuthi bayo buyanda.
- Ama-Hypoglycemic agents - umphumela wawo uyathuthukiswa.
- Ama-inhibitors e-ACE - umphumela we-antihypertensive uyacindezelwa.
- I-Paracetamol - imiphumela emibi inyuka futhi umthwalo ezinsweni nakukhuphuka kwesibindi.
- I-Digoxin - yandisa ukuqoqwa kwe-digoxin.
- Ama-Barbiturates - ukukhuphuka kokuxinana ku-plasma kasawoti we-lithium.
- I-Benzromarone - uricosuria inciphile.
Ukuhambisana notshwala
Odokotela baxwayisa ukuthi i-ASA notshwala ayihambelani. Ngokuphathwa kanyekanye, ukopha okunzima esiswini nokuphendula kwe-hypersensitivity kungenzeka.
Odokotela baxwayisa ukuthi i-ASA notshwala ayihambelani.
Ama-Analog
Ama-Analogs akhishwa ngaphansi kwamagama okuhweba: ASK-Cardio, Aspikor, Fluspirin, Aspirin Cardio, Thrombo-ACC, Asprovit, Uppsarin Upsa, Nektrim Fast, Taspir, Cardiomagnyl, njll.
Imibandela yekhefu lekhemisi
Emakhemisi kukhishwa ngokukhululeka.
Ngingakwazi ukuthenga ngaphandle kadokotela
Umuthi wokuthenga i-Aspirin awudingekayo.
Intengo ye-acetylsalicylic acid
Izindleko zincike kumenzi kanye nenani lamathebulethi amaphakethe. Intengo emaphakathi ngu:
- Izicucu eziyi-10, 0.5 g - kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-5 kuye kwayi-10;
- Izingcezu ezingama-20, i-0.5 g - cishe ama-ruble angama-20.
Izindleko ze-Aspirin zincike kumenzi kanye nenani lamathebulethi amaphakethe.
Izimo zokugcina zomuthi
Kunconywa ukususa umuthi kude nezingane. Kufanele igcinwe endaweni eyomile ekushiseni komoya okufika ku-20 ° C.
Isikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi
Ingasetshenziswa iminyaka emi-4 kusukela ngosuku lokukhishwa.
Umkhiqizi
I-ASA ikhiqizwa emazweni ahlukene: iJalimane, iSwitzerland, iPoland, i-USA, kanye namanye. E-Russia, izinkampani ezenza lo mkhiqizo ezilandelayo zenza umkhiqizo we-Aspirin:
- I-Uralbiopharm.
- I-Medisorb.
- I-Pharmstandard.
- I-Ozone Pharmaceuticals.
- I-Irbit KhFZ.
- I-Dalchimpharm.
- Ifektri yaseBorisov.
E-Russia, i-Aspirin ikhiqizwa yinkampani yezokwelapha iMedisorb.
Ukubuyekezwa ku-acetylsalicylic acid
U-Ivan, oneminyaka engama-33, uBryansk
Izinzuzo eziphambili ze-Aspirin yizindleko eziphansi nokuthembeka. Umuthi usebenza ngokuningi, uyasebenza, ukunambitheka akukubi. Ngiphuza ngomkhuhlane, ikhanda nezinyo. Ububi yimiphumela emibi, ngokusebenzisa isikhathi eside, udinga ukuvikela isisu.
UGalina, oneminyaka engama-50, u-Omsk
Umuthi usugugile, ufakazelwe iminyaka edlule, ufanelekile ipeni. Ihlala isiza ngemikhuhlane nobuhlungu, kepha sikhumbula imiphumela emibi, ngakho-ke sizama ukungalimazi. Ikakhulu kudingeka unakekele abantu abanezifo ezingamahlalakhona zesisu nezinye izitho zomgudu wesisu.
Ngisebenzisa i-Aspirin hhayi nje njengomuthi, kepha futhi nezinjongo zasekhaya. Uma ufaka amaphilisi esitsheni samanzi, izimbali ngeke ziphele isikhathi eside. Omunye umsebenzi we-Aspirin ukuvikela ukubonakala kwamabala aphuzi kumjuluko wezingubo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuhluza amacwecwe amanzi bese uwafafaza kahle ngezindawo ezifanele. Yebo, uma amabala asha, kunzima ukubekezelela ezindala. Ngiyazi ukuthi bayibeka izimbiza zemifino lapho belungiselela ubusika, bayifaka ebusweni buso bomqubuko, bawuthathe bawubeke.
UZhanna, oneminyaka engama-26, eMoscow
Esibonelweni sokuqala somkhuhlane, ngokushesha ngiphuza amaphilisi ama-2 e-Aspirin ubusuku. Kwesinye isikhathi ngiyithatha ekuqaleni kokuya esikhathini, futhi kunciphisa isimo. Kuyasiza ukugula ngokushesha futhi kube lula, akukaze kwehluleke, kushibhile. Wamenqaba ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuncelisa. Umama uthatha ukuvimbela isifo senhliziyo neseluleko esivela kudokotela. Ngiyazi ukuthi kubekelwe ukuncipha kwegazi, ngemithambo ye-varicose, i-thrombophlebitis, ekuvimbeleni i-thrombosis. Kunemiphumela emibi, futhi awudingi ukukhohlwa ngakho, ungasonakalisa ngokushesha isisu uma uphuza ngokungalawuleki.
UmRoma, oneminyaka engama-43 ubudala, Perm
Ikhambi elishibhile kukho konke, kepha kungcono ukungalisebenzisi kabi - kukhona imibiko kanye nemiphumela emibi, ngikweluleka ukuthi ufunde imiyalo ngokucophelela. Kusukela ngisemncane ngisebenzisa ekwelapheni izifo ezithinta izifo zokuphefumula ekhaya. Umuthi osebenzayo womkhuhlane kanye nomkhuhlane: 2 amaphilisi e-Aspirin ebusuku futhi ugobe kahle. Into esemqoka ukungaphuthelwa okwamanje bese uqala lapho kukhombisa ukubanda kakhulu. Ngiyiphuza ngekhanda, ngibuhlungu emuva emuva noma emisipha. Ngiyayibekezelela kahle, kepha yithathe ngemithamo emincane futhi imvamisa kanye.
