ISIFO SIKASHUKELA SE-RENAL - IZINHLOBO, IZIMPAWU, UKWELASHWA

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1. Isifo sikashukela se-renal (elinye igama yi-renal glycosuria) - isifo esibonakala ngokuqukethwe okukhulayo kwe-glucose kumchamo ngezinga loshukela ojwayelekile we-plasma. Lokhu kungalingani kuhlobene nokungasebenzi kahle kokuthuthwa kweshukela kusistimu yesifo sezinso.

2. Kukhona nolunye uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sezinso - usawoti we-renal (noma i-sodium) ushukela - Ukulahleka kokuzwela kohlelo lwezinsimbi lwezinso ku-adrenal hormone. Lesi sifo sihlotshaniswa ne-pathology yesistimu ye-urinary noma ukuphazamiseka kwe-hypothalamus, isitho sohlelo lwezinzwa esiphakathi nolwenzelwe ukuhlanganiswa kwe-antidiuretic hormone kanye nokulawulwa kokuchama nokuchama.

Esikhathini sikashukela sezinso, i-sodium ihlanzwa kancane ngaphandle komzimba, okungaholela ekulimaleni okukhulu kwezakhiwo zegazi (mayelana nama-macroelements, okuyi-sodium (Na) okungokwakhe, ungafunda kulesi sihloko) Ukuchama okwandayo kungadala ukomisa okukhulu.

Isifo Sikashukela seRenal - Imininingwane kawonkewonke

Isifo sikashukela mellitus singenye kuphela yezinhlobo zokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic, okuvame kakhulu futhi kujwayelekile.

Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, ukuzwela i-insulin kukhubazekile, noma kukhiqizwa ngamanani anganele.
Esikhathini sikashukela wezinso, izigaxa zezinso zincipha ngobukhulu noma zilahlekelwe umuzwa wazo ku-aldosterone, i-hormone ekhiqizwa indlala ye-adrenal.

I-Glycosuria yenzeka ezimweni lapho ukumbiwa kwansuku zonke kwenani le-glucose kumchamo kusuka ku-2 kuye ku-100 g. Ngaso leso sikhathi, izinkomba azihambeli esimweni sokudla - noma iyiphi ingxenye yomchamo, kufaka phakathi nobusuku, iqukethe ushukela okhuphukile. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ushukela wegazi ungancishiswa nakancane. Amandla wokufaka i-carbohydrate kumuntu one-glucosuria uhlala ngaphakathi kwebanga elijwayelekile. Ezimweni ezingavamile, kunezimo lapho i-glycosuria ye-renal ikhula ngokuhambisana nesifo sikashukela "se-classic".

Ngokuqondene noshukela wezinso usawoti, izimbangela zalezi zifo zihluke kakhulu

Ziyakwazi ukuvumelana nezitho zokukhuculula uqobo, kanye nezinqubo ze-neurohumoral ezilawula ukwakheka komchamo. Isifo sikashukela se-renal siholela ekuphikiseni ukuhlukaniswa kwenqubo yokuvuselelwa kwe-sodium, ngenxa yalokho ukuphazamiseka okuphelele kwamanzi emzimbeni kuphazamiseka. Imisebenzi yezinso - ukungcola koketshezi kanye nokudla izinto ezibalulekile kusuka kulo - kuyaphazamiseka, kanti nezinto ezidingekayo (ikakhulukazi i-sodium), zingena emvelweni futhi azithakwa ngumzimba. Ukushoda kwe-sodium kubangela izimo ezibucayi kakhulu ze-pathological.

I-Sodium, eyi-macrocell ebaluleke kakhulu yomzimba, igcina ingcindezi ezinzile ye-osmotic ezithweni nasezithanjeni zomzimba. Ngokuhambisana ne-potassium, le nto inesibopho sokulingana kwamanzi nosawoti wamanzi okuphathelene nezinto eziphilayo futhi ibandakanyeka kuzo zonke izinqubo ze-metabolic. Ngaphandle kwenani elilinganiselwe le-sodium, ukusebenza okuzinzile okungajwayelekile kohlelo lwezinzwa, inhliziyo, imithambo yegazi nemisipha.

Izizathu ezingenzeka

Izimbangela ze-glycosuria yezinso zimi ngalendlela elandelayo:

Ama-pathologies we-anatomical of tubules of figso - ikakhulukazi, ukuncipha kwesisindo sabo;
Ukwehluleka ohlelweni lokuhambisa ushukela;
Ukuncipha kokuncipha kwama-molecule eglucose kulwelwesi lweseli.

Le pathology ivame ukuqina futhi ayidingi ukwelashwa okukhethekile.

Kunzima ngokwengeziwe ngesifo sikashukela sikasawoti. Isifo esinjalo sicishe njalo singapheli futhi siyathuthuka futhi sidinga ukwelashwa okungathi sína. Imbangela yesifo sikashukela se-sodium renal kuvame ukuba yisici sofuzo esizalwe kabusha: i-pathology yenzeka ezizukulwaneni eziningana zilandelana futhi itholakala emalungwini omndeni ambalwa.

Izici ezinikezayo zokuthuthukisa izinhlobo zikasawoti ezinoshukela wezinso:

Izifo ezithathelanayo (isifo sofuba, ezinye izinhlobo zomkhuhlane, izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi);
Ama-pathologies we-hypothalamus noma i-pituitary gland (evame ukuzalwa kabusha) - izitho ezilawula ukwakheka kwehomoni ye-antidiuretic;
Izilonda zoMnyango wezobuchopho obhekene nokulawula umsebenzi wokuchama (lokhu kungaba yisimila, ukulimala kwe-craniocerebral, hydrocephalus, imisebenzi ye-neurosuction);
Ukuphazamiseka kwemithambo;
Izifo ze-Autoimmune lapho uhlelo lwezinsimbi lwezinso luhlaselwa amaseli omzimba okuzivikela.

Izifo ezifana ne-hypertension kanye ne-atherosulinosis zandisa inkambo yesifo sikashukela.

ISymbomatology

Ukubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo kwe-renal glycosuria (ngaphezu kwezinga eliphakeme likashukela kumchamo) akuvamile kakhulu.

Ezimweni ezinzima kuphela, ngenxa yokulahlekelwa okukhulu kwe-glucose ngumzimba, kunezimpawu ezifanayo nokuboniswa kwe-hypoglycemia:

Ubuthakathaka
Isiyezi
Indlala;
Yehla ngamakhono engqondo.

Kwesinye isikhathi, njengomphumela we-polyuria (imvamisa nokuchama ngokweqile kanye nokuchama), ukuphuma komzimba (emzimbeni) kuyakhula. Njengoba lesi sifo sivame ukukhula ebuntwaneni, ukuntuleka kwe-carbohydrate kungaholela ekubambezeni ukukhula komzimba kwengane.

Kodwa-ke, izinhlobo ezinobumnene be-glycosuria zivame kakhulu, ezingathinti ukukhula komzimba kanye nesimo sezinso. Kukhona ingozi eseceleni - Umchamo "omnandi kakhulu" uyindawo enhle yamagciwane we-pathogenic.

Ukubonakaliswa okungathi sína kwesifo sikashukela se-renal sodium (ngenhlanhla, le ndlela yokusebenza kwemvelo ayivelakancane).

Isifo sikashukela se-Sodium sitholakala kakhulu kubantu abasha, futhi izimpawu zaso yile:

Ukuchama okwandayo (5-20 l);
I-Polydipsia (ukoma okuphikelelayo);
Ukunwetshwa okungajwayelekile kwesinye;
Ubuhlungu bekhanda obuqhubekayo;

Ukukhathala, amandla aphansi okusebenza;
Isikhumba esomile (izithukuthuku nezindlala ze-sebaceous ziyeka ukusebenza);
Ukwehla kwesisindo;
Ukuncipha kwe-sagment;
Ukuphakama kokudla.

Uma kungekho ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi futhi okwanele, izimpawu ziyaqhubeka. Izenzo ezingekho emaceleni kwenhliziyo zijoyina - ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuyashesha, umfutho wegazi uyenyuka.

Uma i-insipidus yesifo sezinso iqala ukukhula ezinganeni, ukubonakaliswa kwayo kungaba kakhulu futhi kube yi-paroxysmal: ukuhlanza kubonakala, kuphakama izinga lokushisa lomzimba, ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa, ukuvela.

Ukutholwa kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sezinso kuqala ngokuchazwa okuchazayo okuchazayo.

Ukuba khona kwalesi sifo kuboniswa inani elikhulayo le-glucose (esimweni se-renal glycosuria) nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kosawoti we-sodium (esimweni sikashukela we-renal sikashukela). Kwesinye isikhathi i-MRI yendawo ye-hypothalamic-pituitary zone ichazwa uma kusolwa ukwephula kule minyango.

Ukwelashwa uma kwenzeka ku-renal glycosuria kuyinto ebonakalayo futhi kuhloswe ngayo ukubuyisela ibhalansi kasawoti wamanzi. Indlela yokumnika (ngokusebenzisa i-dropper) ifakwa nge-saline. I-prognosis ye-renal glycosuria iyathandeka. Ebuntwaneni, kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukukhula kwe-envesis, okuvame ukwenzeka njengengxenyana yokuchama okwandayo kanye ne-polyuria.

Ngo-ushukela we-renal usawoti, ibhalansi ye-fluid iyabuyiselwa futhi kutholakale nekhambi le-sodium. Ukuphathwa kwe-hormone ye-antidiuretic kwesinye isikhathi kuyasiza. Uma lesi sifo singokwesifo esithathelwanayo, kunqunywa imishanguzo yokwelapha elwa namagciwane noma i-antiviral. Ngokufana, kusetshenziswa izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala.

Umkhuba wokwelapha iziguli ngokuntuleka kwama-antidiuretic hormone usebenzisa ukwelashwa kokudla. Iziguli zibekelwa umsoco ophakeme kanye nokwanda kwenani lama-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi ekudleni. Imenyu incoma ukufaka imikhiqizo yosawoti, okusanhlamvu kanye nemidumba. Kubalulekile ukunciphisa inani lamaprotheni ukuze wehlise umthwalo ezinso. Usawoti, utshwala, ushukela kanye nekhofi kufanele kuqedwe ngokuphelele. Ukuqeda ukoma, kunconywa ukusebenzisa iziphuzo zezithelo, amakhompiyutha asekhaya, itiye eliluhlaza.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko ekwelapheni ushukela wanoma yiluphi uhlobo ukubuyiselwa kokungalingani kwe-metabolic.

Kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukubuyiswa kabusha kokulahleka kwe-carbohydrate ngesimo se-glycogen evela esibindini nasemisipha, kepha ukuvumelanisa ngokweqile kwe-carbohydrate emzimbeni akunakuvunyelwa. Ekwelashweni, kubalulekile ukungaliqedi amandla i-pancreatic insulin.

Ezimweni lapho isifo sikashukela sezinso sibangelwa ukuvuvukala ezindaweni ezi-pituitary and hypothalamic, ukwelashwa kuyahlinzwa uma kufanelekile. Uma lesi sifo siqhamuke njengesixakaxaka ngenxa yokulimala kwe-cranial, kunikezwa ukwelashwa okubuyisanayo.

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