Umzimba womuntu uyisakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi sezinhlelo ezisebenzisanayo, lapho isitho ngasinye sinikezela ukufakwa kwemisebenzi ethile. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi umsebenzi wabo unquma ekwakhekeni kwempilo efanelekile. Mhlawumbe cishe wonke umuntu okungenani kanye, kodwa wazibuza ukuthi yisiphi isitho esikhiqiza i-insulin emzimbeni womuntu. Intshisakalo enjalo inqunywa ngokuyinhloko ngenani laleli-hormone.
Ngakho-ke, kubhekwa njengokunconywe ukutadisha i-insulin emzimbeni: kusebenza kanjani, kuthinta ini nokuthi kungani kudingeka. Impela, ukungatholakali kwayo kungadala izifo eziningi ezingatholakala esigabeni sokuqala sentuthuko, uma wazi amaphuzu abalulekile.
Yisiphi isitho esikhiqiza i-insulin
Ngakho-ke, maqondana neqiniso lokuthi i-insulin ikhiqizwa emzimbeni, singasho nakanjani - amanyikwe. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwalomzimba, ngoba uma kwenzeka kuphulwa kukhona amathuba aphezulu okuthola isifo sikashukela esibuhlungu, esithinta kabi isimo somuntu.
Ama-pancreas awabhekene nokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin kuphela, kodwa futhi aphatha izikhundla ezibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni inqubo yokugaya. Inesakhiwo esilula: umzimba, umsila nekhanda. Kepha ingxenye ngayinye yalezi zingxenye idlala indima enkulu ekugcineni impilo.
Izinga le-insulin
Amazinga ajwayelekile we-insulin akhiqizwa ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo kokubili ebuntwaneni nasebudaleni. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amaseli ayeka ukubona i-hormone ngokusebenzayo njengakuqala.
Isizinda se-insulini ingahlukahluka ngokuya ngohlobo lokudla umuntu akudlile. Isibonelo, uma umzimba uthola ukudla kwe-carbohydrate, khona-ke inani le-hormone landa kakhulu. Lolu lwazi luzodingeka ngabantu abafuna ukufunda ukwenyusa ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin.
Ngakho-ke, lapho uthatha ukuhlaziya okufanele, inqubo yenziwa ngesisu esingenalutho. Kungakuhle futhi ukubheka ukuthi amasampula egazi ngeke abe nokufundisa uma umuntu esebenzisa imijovo ye-insulin, ngoba kukhonjiswe inani eliphelele le-hormone.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi hhayi kuphela ukusweleka kwayo, kodwa futhi ezimweni lapho i-insulin ikhishwa kakhulu - konke lokhu kukhombisa ubukhona bokungasebenzi kahle ekusebenzeni okuvamile kwamanyikwe.
Izinga eliphakeme kakhulu lingakhuluma ngokuthuthukiswa kwama-neoplasms endaweni lapho kutholakala khona isitho.
Eqinisweni, ingozi enkulu enoshukela omningi ukwephulwa kwenqubo yokuhlukanisa ama-carbohydrate nokuguqulwa kwawo okunye kube amandla. Ngenxa yalokhu, amangqamuzana aswele ukudla, azama ukukuthola ezinhlotsheni ezizungezile ezinempilo, ngaleyo ndlela kubangela ukulimala okungalingani emzimbeni womuntu.
Uma izinga likashukela egazini lihamba ngezinga elithile, khona-ke lokhu kubhekwa njengokubonakaliswa okuyinhloko kwesifo sikashukela.
Isifo esibi kakhulu esinciphisa isikhathi sokuphila kwesiguli unyaka owodwa noma ngaphezulu. Lesi sifo sibonisa ngokwakhiwa kwezinkinga eziyingozi, lapho okulandelayo kungahlukaniswa khona:
- Ukulimala kwe-retinal, okungadala ukulahleka ngokuphelele kombono;
- Umsebenzi wezinso ongasebenzi kahle, ngenxa yokuthi iprotheni edingekayo ayigcinwa;
- Iziphetho ze-nerve ezingenasici. Ngenxa yalokhu - ukulahleka kwemizwa, ukwehluleka;
- Ukusebenza okungafanele kohlelo lwethambo nenhliziyo, okuvame ukuholela ekushayweni nasekushayweni yinhliziyo.
Imisebenzi ye-insulin emzimbeni ngokuyinhloko ukugcina izinga elijwayelekile loshukela futhi inikeze amandla emangqamuzaneni omzimba, ngaleyo ndlela kwakheka ukuqina komsebenzi wazo zonke izinhlelo zomzimba.
Ngakho-ke, ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela, kusetshenziswa i-insulin yokufakelwa. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ayikwazi ukufaka esikhundleni ngokuphelele umkhiqizo wemvelo. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukubonana nodokotela ukuthi ungenza kanjani ukuthi ama-pancreas akhiqize i-insulin.
Isebenza kanjani i-hormone
Umsebenzi we-insulin ukwenza amazinga e-glucose abe ngokwejwayelekile kwenzeka ngezigaba ezintathu:
- Okokuqala, ukungena kwe-membrane yeseli kuyanda.
- Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakheka kwamaselula kwakha umsebenzi osebenzayo ukumuncwa kanye nokusebenza ushukela.
- Isigaba sokugcina sincike ekuguqulweni kweglucose ibe yi-glycogen - umthombo owengeziwe futhi ozinzile wamandla, obonakala ngokufakwa kusibindi nezicubu zomsipha. Ngokuvamile, umzimba ungaqukatha uhhafu wegramu yalesi sitashi sendalo yemvelo.
Indlela yokusebenza yayo imi kanjena: umuntu uqala ukwenza izivivinyo zomzimba ngenkuthalo, kuyilapho i-glycogen iqala ukudliwa kancane kancane, kepha kuphela lapho imithombo esemqoka yamandla isiphelile.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuqaphela ukuthi ama-pancreas akhiqiza i-insulin hhayi nje kuphela, kodwa futhi nalowo obizwa ngokuthi yi-hormone antagonist - glucagon. Kwakhiwa ngokubamba iqhaza kwe-A-cell yezitho ezifanayo zezitho, futhi umphumela womsebenzi wayo ukukhipha i-glycogen futhi wandise ushukela wegazi.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ama-hormone womabili abalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kwamanyikwe. Njengoba sekuphawuliwe, i-insulin ibhekwa njengenye yezinto ezibalulekile ekwakhekeni kwama-enzymes wokugaya, kanti i-glucagon yenza umsebenzi ophambene nayo - inciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwayo, ingavumeli ama-enzyme aqhamuke namaseli.
Imiphumela yokuphazamiseka kokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin
Uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle kwanoma yisiphi isitho, isimo somzimba jikelele sizobhekana nomphumela omubi. Ngokuqondene nokungasebenzi kahle ekusebenzeni kwamanyikwe, kungaholela kuma-pathologies amaningi angathi sína futhi ayingozi, okungaba nzima ukubhekana nawo noma kusetshenziswa izindlela zanamuhla zokwelapha.
Uma ungazinaki izincomo zikadokotela zokuqeda lesi sifo, khona-ke i-pathology iba engalapheki. Ngakho-ke, kusobala ukuthi akufanele ubambezele ukwamukelwa kwezinyathelo - kungcono ukuvakashela uchwepheshe futhi ongasiza ekuqashweni kokwelashwa okufanele, unaka lezi zinkinga.
Isibonelo, ngokuya ngokuthi kungani ama-pancreas engakhiqizi i-insulin noma, kunalokho, akhiqiza kakhulu, izilonda ezilandelayo zingakheka:
- I-pancreatitis
- Isifo sikashukela mellitus;
- Izilonda ze-Oncological.
Ngakho-ke, i-insulin yi-hormone omsebenzi wayo ukulawula ushukela wegazi nokwakhiwa kwama-enzymes wokugaya ukudla. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi noma yikuphi ukuphambuka kusuka esimweni samahomoni kukhombisa ukuba khona kwezifo ezithile okufanele kubhekwane nazo ngokushesha okukhulu.
