Umgomo oyinhloko ekwelashweni kwesifo sikashukela nezifo ezihambisanayo ukwenza amazinga kashukela ajwayelekile namazinga cholesterol. Ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-atherosclerosis ye-vascular, kuyadingeka ukuthi kuhlale kulungiswa inani lezinto ezinjengamafutha aphansi. Ukushintshwa okungazelelwe kwe-cholesterol ku-diabetesics akwamukeleki.
Ukuletha amazinga e-cholesterol ejwayelekile kwenziwa ngezindlela eziningi. Okokuqala, isiguli kufanele sinake ukudla kwakhe nendlela yakhe yokuphila. Amathuba okuthuthukisa lesi sifo nokukhula kwe-cholesterol anda ngokuhlukunyezwa kotshwala, utshwala, ukudla okunamafutha. Ukwehla kwesisindo, uma isiguli sikhuluphele, kuzosiza nokukhipha into eyeqisa kakhulu yento.
Ukulungisa i-cholesterol ejwayelekile, udokotela unquma ukuthatha izithasiselo ezisebenzayo ngokuphila, imikhiqizo yamakhambi. Izithasiselo nemikhiqizo ene-omega-3 ne-omega-6 evamile ikhuphuka ingavumeli ukubekwa kwama-atherosulinotic kukhule futhi, amathuba okuqhekeka kwegazi kuncishisiwe.
Imvamisa kuba nezimo lapho ukudla, ukusebenza ngokomzimba nokuyeka imikhuba emibi kunganikeli amandla amahle. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kunconywa ukuguqukela ekusebenziseni kwemithi yamakhemikhali ngokumelene ne-cholesterol ne-atherosulinosis yemithambo yegazi. Yebo futhi asikho njalo isikhathi sokwelashwa isikhathi eside.
I-pharmacology yanamuhla inikezela ngezidakamizwa eziningi ngokumelene ne-cholesterol ephezulu. Ungayinciphisa kanjani i-cholesterol yegazi ngemithi? Ukukhetha kwezidakamizwa kwenziwa ngawodwana, kubalulekile ukuthi:
- ukuvimbela ukusabela okungafuneki komzimba;
- ukuthola umphumela omuhle kakhulu;
- ukusheshisa ukululama.
Wonke amaphilisi ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amaningi, lawa ama-statins, ama-fibrate, izidakamizwa ukuvimbela ukumuncwa kwe-cholesterol ne-nicotinic acid. Umuthi ungaba ngesimo samaphilisi noma amaphilisi.
Izimo zezizukulwane ezihlukile
Izidakamizwa ezaziwa kakhulu zokunciphisa i-cholesterol ngama-statins. Bayamisa ukukhiqizwa kwezinto ezinjengamafutha esibindini. Uma kungakhiqizwa emzimbeni, inqubo yokuhlukanisa i-cholesterol egazini iqala.
Kunezizukulwane eziningana zama-statins, kuya ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kanye nokuqala kokusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha ngokumelene ne-atherosulinosis nezinye izifo ezifanayo.
Isizukulwane sokuqala sama-statins sihlanganisa nemithi iLovastatin, Pravastatin, Simvastatin. Amathebulethi anomthelela omuhle ku-cholesterol, ibhekana ngempumelelo namafutha aphansi kwabantu. Okuthandwa kakhulu yiSimvastatin, ngokusetshenziswa kwamathebulethi, asusa izikhala zemithambo yegazi, futhi amazinga evamile egazi ayabuyiselwa.
I-Fluvastatin kuthiwa isizukulwane sesibili, kepha umuthi awuzange uthathe isikhundla esiphambili. Ngenxa yokusabela okujwayelekile komzimba nge-cholesterol ephakeme, akuvamile ukuba kunqunywe.
Izinga lesizukulwane sesithathu seliphelele kakhulu, okungukuthi:
- Atorvastatin;
- ITorvacard
- Cerivastatin.
Lezi zimali njengamanje ezifundwa kakhulu. ICerivastatin isanda kuyeka ukusetshenziswa, njengoba kukhona amacala aziwayo okufa kweziguli. Amathebhulethi e-Atorvastatin, kunalokho, anenkomba yokuphepha ephezulu, asebenza kakhulu. Inkambo yokwelashwa kwezifo eziningana ayiphelele ngaphandle kwalo muthi.
Ama-statins wesizukulwane sesine asiza ukwehlisa i-cholesterol yegazi. Uhlu lwezidakamizwa luhlanganisa iRosuvastatin nePitavastatin. Imithi kuleli qembu iye yathuthuka kakhulu futhi kufanelekela ukuqedwa kwe-atherosclerosis. Amathebhulethi ayahluka:
- ukubekezelela okuhle;
- ukuntuleka kwemiphumela emibi;
- umphumela osheshayo.
Izindlela zikhiqizwa ngemithamo ehlukene, zisetshenziswa ngokuya ngobunzima besifo. Ngemuva kwenkambo yokwelashwa, isiguli singalindela ukuthi sinciphise ingozi yokushaywa unhlangothi kabusha, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukufa ngenxa yalezi zifo. Ukuphepha okuphezulu kuvumela ukuthi kusetshenziswe isikhathi eside.
Ngokuvamile, ama-statin anezinzuzo eziningi ezisobala:
- ukugcina ukuzinza kwamagceke akhona;
- igazi le-pryplaxis;
- ukukhululeka kwenqubo yokuvuvukala yezindonga zemithambo.
Ngokuqhuma kwepulangwe le-atherosulinotic kanye nokuvela kwejazi legazi endaweni yalo, ngemuva kwesikhashana, ukuqubuka, ukushaya kwenhliziyo noma unhlangothi kuqala. Ngokusetshenziswa njalo kwama-statins, izinqubo ezinjalo zivinjelwe, zisindisa impilo yesiguli.
Kodwa-ke, lezi zidakamizwa azinaphutha. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukubheka njalo isimo sesibindi, inani lama-enzyme. Abanye abanesifo sikashukela bangase babe nezimpawu zokudla ngokweqile kwama-statins, kufaka phakathi i-anemia, ubuhlungu bemisipha, nesiyezi.
Izitatimende azikwazi ukubekelwa lapho kukhona i-hypersensitivity kuzakhi zawo, izinqubo ezibangelwa yisifo sokuqina kwesibindi, nomsebenzi ophakeme wesitho se-etiology esingacacile.
Noma kunjalo, izidakamizwa azinconyelwanga i-arterial hypotension, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okungapheli, i-aortic stenosis, utshwala, ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-thyroid nokuguga.
Ama-fibrate, i-nicotinic acid, izithasiselo zokudla
Amakhebhulethi namathebulethi e-fibrate anganciphisa ukugcwala kwe-cholesterol ephansi kakhulu, aqede amasheya wezinto ezingaphandle kwemithambo yegazi. Isikhathi sokwelashwa kufanele sinqunywe ngudokotela uqobo.
Amafutha afaka izidakamizwa ezisuselwa ku-clofibrate (Clofibrin, Corafen, Atromidine), gemfibrozil (Dopur, Lipigem), bezafibrat (Oralipin, Besalin), fenofibrate (Elasterin, Tricor).
Amakhemikhali atholakala kahle umzimba womuntu onesifo sikashukela, kepha ukusabela okubi komzimba akubandakanywa. Okungathandeki kakhulu kubo ngukuncipha kwe-hemoglobin, ukukhula kwama-enzyme wesibindi, ubuhlungu bemisipha nobuthakathaka.
Ama-Fibrate futhi anokuphambana, kufaka phakathi i-cholelithiasis, isibindi nokuhluleka kwezinso, i-cirrhosis kanye nokuzwela ngokweqile ezingxenyeni zemithi. Eminye imikhawulo ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic, ukugula kwe-gallbladder, uphuzo oludakayo, i-allergies kumantongomane nemikhiqizo yesoya.
I-Nicotinic acid iyasiza nasekunciphiseni i-cholesterol, umuthi wezokwelapha ovimbela ukwakheka kwezinto eziphansi kwabantu. Odokotela okwamanje abakwazi ukunikeza impendulo eqondile yokuthi kwenzeka kanjani lokhu, kepha ukuvimbela kwe-atherosclerosis lapho kuthathwa imithamo emikhulu ye-acid sekufakazelwe ngokwesayensi.
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi i-nicotinic acid nayo inganikeza imiphumela emibi:
- imivimbo yesikhumba;
- ukuvutha okukhulu ebusweni, umzimba ophezulu;
- ukuphazamiseka kohlelo lokugaya ukudla;
- ukukhuphuka kweglucose yegazi.
Kungcono ukuqala ukuthatha umuthi ngemithamo emincane, kancane kancane ukhulisa inani lamaphilisi. Lapho uphuza umuthi, onesifo sikashukela kufanele uhlale ugadwe udokotela ohambelayo.
Ngaphezu kokwelashwa okuyinhloko, udokotela angancoma ukuthatha izithasiselo zokudla ezihlisa cholesterol yegazi. Umehluko wabo oyinhloko emithini yokwelapha ukungabi bikho ngokuphelele kokusabela okungekuhle. Ngakho konke lokhu, ukusebenza kwamakhemikhali kwezithako zokudla akukaze kufakazelwe.
Susa ngokushesha i-cholesterol emibi:
- I-Atheroclephitis;
- Vita Taurine;
- Imikhumbi ehlanzekile yaseVerbena;
- Hlunga.
Izakhi ezisebenzayo zezithako zokudla okunempilo zinomphumela omuhle esizweni semisipha yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Kungenzeka ukufezekisa ukuqina kokusebenza kwesibindi, okuvimbela ukumuncwa kwamafutha aphansi kwabantu.
Intengo yabo iyaguquguquka phakathi kwemikhawulo efanelekile, izithasiselo zokudla ezifuywayo zizobiza kancane.
Izikhathi zokuhlukaniswa kwama-bile acid
Ukulungiselela kwalesi sigaba kudiliza i-cholesterol ngenxa yokubopha ama-asidi acid, ukuwaguqula abe amakhompiyutha angamanzi. Umzimba womuntu awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwalezi zinto, kuphoqelelwa ukuthi uzithole kusuka kweminye imithombo, okuyi-cholesterol eguqukayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, kungenzeka ukwehlisa ukuqoqwa kwe-low-density lipids.
Inzuzo ye-bile acid sequestrants ukungabi khona kwemiphumela engathandeki yomzimba, imiphumela ehlelekile. Kepha umkhuba omuhle ubonwa kuphela ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa wokusebenzisa okuhleliwe. I-Cons kufanele ibizwe ushintsho ezinqubweni zokufakwa kwamavithamini, amaminerali kanye nezakhi zomzimba.
Abanesifo sikashukela bakhonjiswa ukuthi baphuze imithamo yemithi enamanzi amaningi. Lokhu kuvame ukudala ukuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kohlelo lokugaya ukudla, isifo sohudo, ukuqunjelwa noma ukuqhakaza.
Izidakamizwa ezaziwa kakhulu zaleli qembu yilezi:
- I-Cholestipol;
- I-Cholestyramine.
I-cholesterol iqukethe i-anion-exchange resin, ebopha ama-bile acid, iwaguqulele ezintweni ezingancibiliki. Ukusetshenziswa kwethebhulethi kubeka phansi izinkomba ze-cholesterol yegazi eliphansi, ngenkathi kugcinwa izinga lokuxinana okuphezulu.
I-Cholestyramine ithengiswa ngesimo se-powder lapho kulungiswa khona ukumiswa. Into esebenzayo yegama elifanayo inciphisa ukumuncwa kwento efana namafutha, acid acid, bese kuqala ukukhiqizwa kwama-bile acid yizicubu zesibindi. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukusetshenziswa kwe-cholesterol eyingozi kwenzeka.
Imithi ye-cholesterol iyadingeka ukuthi isetshenziswe ngokuhlukile. Lapho umsebenzi wokwehlisa i-low density lipoprotein, khona-ke akukho okulingana nama-statins. Yi-nicotinic acid esiza ukwandisa ukuqoqeka kwezinto eziphakeme kakhulu kubantu.
I-Triglycerides ingancishiswa ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-organic kwama-fibrate ne-nicotinic acid.
Amakhambi cholesterol
Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kwe-cholesterol index ephezulu kwenziwa futhi ngamakhambi. Isimo esibalulekile siyinhlanganisela esebenzayo yazo zombili izindlela zokwelapha, ngenxa yezitshalo kuphela eziguquguqukayo zesifo ngeke zitholakale. Kuvunyelwe ukuthatha imali eyodwa noma eziningana ngasikhathi sinye.
Amajikijolo anezindawo zokulwa ne-cholesterol athola ukubuyekezwa okuhle kakhulu: i-chokeberry, i-viburnum, i-raspberry, i-hawthorn ne-rose yasendle. Ukuhlanza izitsha, basebenzisa u-celery, ugarlic, izaqathi.
Phakathi kwamakhambi, i-oats, i-linden, i-dieelle, i-yarrow, i-mamawort idume kakhulu. Ama-dandelion rhizomes, i-wheatgrass ayisasebenzi kangako. Ungasebenzisa futhi amaqabunga e-dandelion, anamavithamini amaningi anikela ekuhlanzweni okuhle kwemithambo yegazi. Esitshalweni kukhona:
- izinto ezisebenzayo;
- ukulandelela izinto;
- amavithamini.
Ngenxa yokwakheka okuhle, izimpande ze-dandelion zingathuthukisa uhlelo lokugaya ukudla, zicebise umzimba ngezakhi ezibalulekile. Lezi zitshalo zihlala ziyingxenye yemithi ye-homeopathic ngokumelene ne-cholesterol.
Izinto ezingemuva ziyahlukahluka ngezakhiwo eziningi:
- i-choleretic;
- antispasmodic;
- anti-ukuvuvukala;
- ukubuyiselwa.
Ubuye abe namaphutha abalulekile, afaka isidingo sokusebenza isikhathi eside, okungezona zonke iziguli ezithandayo. Ukwelashwa ngemithi yamakhambi kanye nezinye izithasiselo ezisebenzayo kumele kuvunyelwane nodokotela ohambele lo msebenzi. Kulokhu, kuhlale kukhonjiswa ukuthi kulawulwa amapharamitha we-biochemical yegazi.
Imvamisa, umsebenzi wokwehlisa ama-lipoprotein asezingeni eliphansi kubantu abanesifo sikashukela uba nzima impela. Udokotela uzodinga ukuthi acabangele zonke izingxenye zesifo, akhethe izidakamizwa ezisebenza kakhulu ukuthuthukisa inhlala-kahle. Ngenxa yalokhu, kungenzeka ukuvikela imiphumela eyingozi futhi emibi yezifo zemithambo yegazi nemisipha yenhliziyo.
Mayelana nezidakamizwa zokwehlisa i-cholesterol zichazwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
