Unganciphisa kanjani ushukela wegazi ophakeme bese ubuyisa okujwayelekile

Ushukela wegazi yigama lasekhaya le-glucose encibilikisiwe egazini, elijikeleza emithanjeni. Lo mbhalo usho ukuthi yiziphi izindinganiso ezinoshukela wegazi ezinganeni nakubantu abadala, amadoda nabesifazane abakhulelwe. Uzofunda ukuthi kungani amazinga kashukela eshukela enyuka, eyingozi kangakanani, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi angawehlisa kanjani ngempumelelo nangokuphepha. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ushukela kunikezwa elabhoratri esiswini esingenalutho noma ngemuva kokudla. Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 bayalwa ukuba benze lokhu kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-3. Uma kutholakala isifo sikashukela i-prediabetes noma isifo sikashukela, udinga ukusebenzisa umuthi wasekhaya ukukala ushukela izikhathi eziningana nsuku zonke. Umshini onjalo ubizwa ngokuthi yi-glucometer.

I-glucose ingena emthanjeni wegazi kusuka esibindini nasemathunjini, bese umthamo wegazi ulithwala kuwo wonke umzimba, kusukela phezulu ekhanda kuya ezithendeni. Ngale ndlela, izicubu zithola amandla. Ukuze amangqamuzana amunce ushukela egazini, kuyadingeka i-insulin ye-hormone. Kukhiqizwa amaseli akhethekile wamanyikwe - amaseli we-beta. Izinga likashukela ukugcwala koshukela egazini. Imvamisa, iyashintshashintsha ebangeni elincane, ngaphandle kokudlula kwalo. Izinga loshukela omncane wegazi lisesiswini esingenalutho. Ngemuva kokudla, iyavuka. Uma konke kuvamile nge-glucose metabolism, khona-ke lokhu kukhuphuka akubalulekile futhi hhayi isikhathi eside.

Umzimba ngokuqhubekayo ulawula ukuqoqwa koshukela ukuze kugcinwe ukulinganisela. Ushukela ophakeme ubizwa nge-hyperglycemia, ushukela ophansi ubizwa nge-hypoglycemia. Uma ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuningana ngezinsuku ezahlukahlukene kubonisa ukuthi ushukela uphezulu, ungasola i-prediabetes noma isifo sikashukela "sangempela". Ukuhlaziywa okukodwa akwanele kulokhu. Kodwa-ke, umuntu kufanele aqaphele ngemuva komphumela wokuqala ongaphumelelanga. Phinda uhlaziye izikhathi eziningi ezinsukwini ezizayo.

Emazweni akhuluma isiRussia, ushukela wegazi ulinganiswa ngemililitha ilitha (mmol / l). Emazweni akhuluma isiNgisi, kuma-milligrams nge-decilita (mg / dl). Kwesinye isikhathi udinga ukuhumusha umphumela wokuhlaziya usuka kuyunithi eyodwa yokulinganisa uye kwenye. Akunzima.

Izibonelo:

• I-4.0 mmol / L = 72 mg / dl
• I-6.0 mmol / L = 108 mg / dl
• I-7.0 mmol / L = 126 mg / dl
• I-8.0 mmol / L = 144 mg / dL

Ushukela wegazi

Bakhonjwe maphakathi nekhulu lamashumi amabili ngocwaningo lwezinkulungwane zabantu abaphilile neziguli ezinesifo sikashukela. Amanani kashukela asemthethweni kwabanesifo sikashukela aphakeme kakhulu kunalawo aphilile. Umuthi awuzami neze ukulawula ushukela kushukela, ukuze usondele emazingeni ajwayelekile. Ngezansi uzothola ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka futhi yini ezinye izindlela zokwelapha.
Ukudla okulinganiselayo okunconyelwa odokotela kugcwele ama-carbohydrate. Lokhu kudla kubi kubantu abanesifo sikashukela. Ngoba ama-carbohydrate abangela ukugcwala kushukela wegazi. Ngenxa yalokhu, abanesifo sikashukela bazizwa bengathandeki futhi baba nezinkinga ezingamahlalakhona. Ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela ezelashwa ngezindlela zendabuko, ushukela weqa kusuka phezulu kakhulu kuya kaphansi. Ama-carbohydrate adliwayo ayayandisa, bese anciphisa umjovo wemithamo emikhulu ye-insulin. Ngasikhathi sinye, akunakuba nambuzo wokubuyisa ushukela kokujwayelekile. Odokotela neziguli sebevele benelisekile ukuthi bangakugwema ukukhubazeka kwesifo sikashukela.

Kodwa-ke, uma ulandela ekudleni okuphansi kwe-carbohydrate, lapho-ke unesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 futhi unesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 olunamandla, ungagcina ushukela ojwayelekile, njengabantu abanempilo. Iziguli ezikhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwazo kwama-carbohydrate zilawula ushukela wazo ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwe-insulin noma ezilawula ngemithamo ephansi. Ingozi yezinkinga ohlelweni lwezinhliziyo, izinso, imilenze, amehlo - incishiswa yaba yi-zero. Iwebhusayithi yeDiabetes-Med.Com ikhuthaza ukudla okune-carbohydrate ephansi ukulawula ushukela ezigulini ezikhuluma isiRussia. Ngemininingwane engaphezulu, funda ukuthi "Kungani Uhlobo Lokuqala Nesifo Sikashukela Sesibili Adinga Ama-Carbohydrate Angaphansi." Lokhu okulandelayo kuchaza ukuthi yimaphi amazinga kashukela egazini kubantu abanempilo nokuthi bahluke kangakanani kwizindlela ezisemthethweni.

Ushukela wegazi

Ebantwini abaphilile, ushukela wegazi cishe sonke isikhathi usebangeni le-3.9-5.3 mmol / L. Imvamisa, ngu-4.2-4.6 mmol / l, esiswini esingenalutho nangemva kokudla. Uma umuntu edla kakhulu nge-carbohydrate esheshayo, ushukela ungakhuphuka imizuzu embalwa uye ku-6.7-6.9 mmol / l. Kodwa-ke, cishe akunakuba ngaphezulu kuka-7.0 mmol / L. Ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela i-mellitus, inani le-glucose ye-7-8 mmol / L amahora angama-1-2 ngemuva kokudla kubhekwa njengokuhle kakhulu, kuze kufike ku-10 mmol / L - okwamukelekayo. Udokotela angeke anikeze noma yikuphi ukwelashwa, kodwa anikeze isiguli kuphela isibonakaliso esibalulekile - qapha ushukela.

Izinga likashukela egazini elisemthethweni labashukela lifakwa ngokweqile. Abantu abanesifo sikashukela kudingeka balwele ukugcina ushukela ungekho ngaphezulu kuka-5.5-6.0 mmol / L ngemuva kokudla kanye ekuseni nesisu esingenalutho. Lokhu kutholakala ngempela uma ushintshela ekudleni okuphansi kwe-carbohydrate. Ungasusa ubungozi bokuthola izinkinga zesifo sikashukela emehlweni akho, emilenzeni, ezinso, nakuhlelo lwenhliziyo.

Kungani kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zilwele izinkomba zikashukela, njengabantu abaphilile? Ngoba izinkinga ezingalapheki ziba khona lapho ushukela wegazi ukhuphukela ku-6.0 mmol / L. Yize kunjalo, azikhuli ngokushesha okukhulu njengamanani aphezulu. Kungcono ukuthi ugcine i-hemoglobin yakho ye-glycated ngaphansi kuka-5.5%. Uma lo mgomo ufinyelelwa, khona-ke ingozi yokufa evela kuzo zonke izimbangela yincane.

Ngo-2001, kwashicilelwa i-athikili (i-athikili) eyakhishwa embhalweni weBritish Medical Journal maqondana nobudlelwano phakathi kwe-glycated hemoglobin nokufa kwabantu. Ibizwa nge- "Glycated hemoglobin, isifo sikashukela, nokufa kwabantu emadodeni aseNorfolk cohort of European Prospective Investigation of Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Norfolk)." Ababhali - uKay-Tee Khaw, uNicholas Wareham nabanye. I-HbA1C ilinganiswa emadodeni angama-4662 aneminyaka engama-45-79, bese kuthi iminyaka engu-4 ibonwe. Phakathi kwabahlanganyeli ocwaningweni, iningi lalingabantu abaphilile ababengahlaselwa yisifo sikashukela.

Kwavela ukuthi ukushona kwabantu kuzo zonke izimbangela, kufaka phakathi ukuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo nokushaywa unhlangothi, kuncane kakhulu phakathi kwabantu abane-hemoglobin ye-glycated engaphezulu kune-5.0%. Ukwanda ngakunye okungu-1% ku-HbA1C kusho ingozi eyengeziwe yokufa ngama-28%. Ngakho-ke, umuntu one-HbA1C ye-7% unengozi ephakeme yokufa eyi-63% kunomuntu ophilile. Kepha i-glycated hemoglobin 7% - kukholakala ukuthi lokhu kuyindlela enhle yokulawula ushukela.

Izinga likashukela elisemthethweni lidliswa ngokweqile ngoba ukudla “okulinganiselayo” akuvumeli ukulawulwa kahle kukashukela. Odokotela bazama ukudambisa umsebenzi wabo ngezindleko zokuthuthuka kwemiphumela yeziguli. Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi izwe liphathe abantu abanesifo sikashukela. Ngoba abantu ababhebhethekisa balawula ushukela wabo, okuphezulu lapho imali ibekiwe lapho kukhokhwa impesheni kanye nezinzuzo ezahlukahlukene. Thatha umthwalo wemfanelo wokwelashwa kwakho. Zama ukudla okune-carbohydrate ephansi - futhi uqiniseke ukuthi unikeza umphumela ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-2-3. Ukwehla ushukela wegazi kuye kokujwayelekile, imithamo ye-insulin incishiswa izikhathi ezi-2-7, impilo yathuthukiswa.

Ushukela esiswini esingenalutho nangemva kokudla - uyini umehluko

Izinga loshukela elincane kubantu lisesiswini esingenalutho, esiswini esingenalutho. Lapho ukudla okudliwayo kumunwa, izakhi zingena egazini. Ngakho-ke, i-glucose ngemuva kokudla ikhuphuka. Uma i-carbohydrate metabolism ingaphazamiseki, khona-ke lokhu kukhuphuka akubalulekile futhi akuhlali isikhathi eside. Ngoba ama-pancreas ngokushesha afihla i-insulin eyengeziwe ukwehlisa ushukela ngemuva kokudla.

Uma i-insulin inganele (uhlobo 1 sikashukela) noma ibuthakathaka (uhlobo 2 sikashukela), ushukela ngemuva kokudla ukhuphuka njalo emahoreni ambalwa. Lokhu kuyingozi ngoba izinkinga zivela ezinsweni, umbono uyawa, futhi ukusebenza kohlelo lwezinzwa kukhubazekile. Into eyingozi kakhulu ukuthi izimo zenzelwe ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ngokungazelelwe noma unhlangothi. Izinkinga zezempilo ezibangelwa ushukela okhuphukile ngemuva kokudla zivame ukubhekwa njengezinguquko ezihlobene nobudala bemvelo. Kodwa-ke, kufanele zelashwe, uma kungenjalo isiguli ngeke sikwazi ukuhlala ngokujwayelekile phakathi nendawo nobudala.

I-Glucose Assays:

Ukuhlolwa okushukela okusheshayo kwegazi kuyisinqumo esingesihle sokuthola isifo sikashukela. Ake sibheke ukuthi kungani. Lapho kuvela isifo sikashukela, ushukela wegazi uqala ukukhuphuka ngemuva kokudla. Ama-pancreas, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene, awakwazi ukubekezelela ukuze anciphise ngokushesha kube ngokujwayelekile. Ukhuphuka ushukela ngemuva kokudla kancane kancane kubhubhisa imithambo yegazi futhi kubangele izinkinga. Eminyakeni embalwa yokuqala yesifo sikashukela, amazinga okushukela asheshayo angahlala ejwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, ngalesi sikhathi, izinkinga sezivele zikhula ngokushintshana okugcwele. Uma isiguli singalingani ushukela ngemuva kokudla, khona-ke asisoli ukugula kwakhe kuze kubonakale izimpawu.

Ukubheka ukuthi unesifo sikashukela yini, hlola ukuthi une-hemoglobin ye-glycated elabhoratri. Uma une-glucose yemitha yasekhaya - linganisa ushukela wakho 1 kanye namahora ama-2 ngemuva kokudla. Ungakhohliswa uma amazinga akho eshukela okuzila esijwayelekile. Abesifazane abakwi-II ne-III trimesters yokukhulelwa kufanele benze isivivinyo sokukhuthazelela i-glucose esithatha amahora amabili. Ngoba uma isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa sesithuthukile, ukuhlaziywa kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated ngeke kuvume ukusithola ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Isifo sikashukela nesifo sikashukela

Njengoba wazi, ama-90% ezimo zokulimala kwe-glucose metabolism angabantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Akukhuli ngokushesha, kepha ngokuvamile i-prediabetes kuqala. Lesi sifo sithatha iminyaka eminingana. Uma isiguli singalashwa, kuzovela isigaba esilandelayo - "esigcwele" isifo sikashukela.

Izindlela zokuhlonza isifo sikashukela:

• Ukusheshisa ushukela wegazi 5.5-7.0 mmol / L.
• I-Glycated hemoglobin engu-5.7-6.4%.
• Ushukela ngemuva kwehora elilodwa noma amabili ngemuva kokudla 7.8-11.0 mmol / L.

Kwanele ukufeza eyodwa yale mibandela ekhonjiswe ngenhla ukuze kutholakale isifo.

Isifo sikashukela ukugula okungathí sina. Usengozini enkulu yesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Izinkinga ezibulalayo ezinso, emilenzeni, ekubukeni kwamehlo kuyathuthuka manje. Uma ungashintsheli empilweni enempilo, i-prediabetes izoshintsha ibe uhlobo 2 sikashukela. Noma uzoba nesikhathi sokufa ngaphambili ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma unhlangothi. Angifuni ukwethusa, kepha lesi yisimo sangempela, ngaphandle kokugqunywa. Yelashwa kanjani? Funda izindatshana iMetabolic Syndrome ne-Insulin Resistance, bese ulandela izincomo. Isifo sikashukela singalawulwa kalula ngaphandle kwemijovo ye-insulin. Akunasidingo sokulamba noma ukuthotshiswa kanzima.

Idayari yokuzithiba kwesiguli esine-prediabetes. Kamuva, ngemuva kokushintshela ekudleni okuphansi kwe-carbohydrate, ushukela wakhe ubuyela kokujwayelekile, njengabantu abanempilo.

Izindlela zokuxilonga zohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela:

• Ushukela wokuzila uphakeme kuno-7.0 mmol / L ngokusho kwemiphumela yokuhlaziywa okubili ngokulandelana ngezinsuku ezahlukahlukene.
• Ngesinye isikhathi, ushukela wegazi wawungaphezulu kuka-11.1 mmol / L, kungakhathaleki ukuthi ukudla kudla kangakanani.
• I-Glycated hemoglobin engu-6.5% noma ngaphezulu.
• Ngesikhathi sokuhlola ukubekezelelwa kwe-glucose okwathatha amahora amabili, ushukela wawungama-11.1 mmol / L noma ngaphezulu.

Njengokwe-prediabetes, kwanele ukufeza eyodwa yale mibandela efakwe kuhlu ukuze sikwazi ukuthola ukuxilongwa. Izimpawu ezijwayelekile ukukhathala, ukoma, nokuchama kaningi. Kungenzeka kube nokuncipha kwesisindo okungachaziwe. Funda i-athikili "Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela mellitus" ngemininingwane engaphezulu. Ngasikhathi sinye, iziguli eziningi aziziboni izimpawu. Kubo, imiphumela engemihle kashukela wegazi isimanga esingathandeki.

Isigaba esedlule imininingwane yokuthi kungani ushukela wegazi osemthethweni ephezulu kakhulu. Udinga ukukhala i-alamu vele lapho ushukela ngemuva kokudla ingu-7.0 mmol / L, futhi nangaphezulu uma iphakeme. Ushukela wokuzila ungahlala uvamile eminyakeni embalwa yokuqala ngenkathi ushukela ebhubhisa umzimba. Lokhu kuhlaziywa akuseluleki ukuthi kuthathwe ukuxilongwa. Sebenzisa ezinye izindlela - i-glycated hemoglobin noma ushukela wegazi ngemuva kokudla.

Izici zobungozi zesifo sikashukela kanye nohlobo 2 sikashukela:

• Ngokweqile - inkomba yesisindo somzimba engama-25 kg / m2 nangaphezulu.
• Umfutho wegazi ongu-140/90 mm RT. Ubuciko. futhi phezulu.
• Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi ye-cholesterol embi.
• Abesifazane abake baba nengane enesisindo esingu-4.5 kg noma ngaphezulu noma okutholakale ukuthi banesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
• I-ovary yePolycystic.
• Amacala ohlobo 1 noma isifo sikashukela 2 emndenini.

Uma okungenani unezici ezimbalwa ezibalwe engcupheni, khona-ke kudingeka ukuthi uhlole ushukela wegazi njalo ngeminyaka emi-3, uqala eneminyaka engama-45. Ukuqashwa kwezokwelapha kwezingane nentsha eyeqile ngokweqile futhi okunesici esisodwa sengozi kuyanconywa. Kudingeka bahlole njalo ushukela, ukuqala eminyakeni eyi-10. Ngoba kusukela ngawo-1980s, uhlobo 2 sikashukela seluncane. Emazweni aseNtshonalanga, ibonakala ngisho nasebusheni.

Ukuthi umzimba ulawula kanjani ushukela wegazi

Umzimba ulawula ngokuqhubekayo ukugcwala kwe-glucose egazini, uzama ukuyigcina ingaphakathi kuka-3.9-5.3 mmol / L. Lawa amanani afanele okuphila okujwayelekile. Abanesifo sikashukela bazi kahle ukuthi ungaphila ngamanani kashukela aphezulu. Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe azikho izimpawu ezingemnandi, ushukela okhuphukayo uvusa ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga zikashukela.

Ushukela ophansi ubizwa nge-hypoglycemia. Le yinhlekelele yangempela yomzimba. Ingqondo ayibekezeleli uma kungekho-glucose owanele egazini. Ngakho-ke, i-hypoglycemia iziveza ngokushesha njengezimpawu - ukungahambi kahle, ukushaqeka, ukuzizwa ulambile, indlala enkulu. Uma ushukela wehlela ku-2.2 mmol / L, khona-ke ukulahleka kwengqondo nokufa kungenzeka. Funda kabanzi esihlokweni esithi "Hypoglycemia - Prevention and Relief of Attack."

Umzimba ulawula ushukela wegazi ngokukhulula ama-hormone awukhulisayo noma anciphise. Ama-hormone we-Catabolic akhuphula amazinga we-glucose - i-glucagon, i-cortisol, i-adrenaline nabanye abaningi. Futhi kune-hormone eyodwa kuphela eyehlisayo. Lokhu insulin. Lapho kuncipha ukugcotshwa kwe-glucose, ama-hormone ama-catabolic amaningi ayagcinwa, kanye ne-insulin encane. Futhi okuphambene nalokho - ushukela wegazi owengeziwe uvuselela ama-pancreas ukukhipha i-insulin eyengeziwe.

Ama-hormone we-Catabolic ne-insulin angabaphikisi bomunye nomunye, i.e., abe nomphumela ophambene.Ngemininingwane engaphezulu, funda isihloko esithi “Indlela i-insulin elawula ngayo ushukela wegazi evamile nakwishukela.”

Ngawo wonke umzuzu, ushukela omncane kakhulu ujikeleza egazini lomuntu. Isibonelo, kowesilisa osemdala onesisindo esingama-75 kg, umthamo wegazi emzimbeni cishe wamalitha amahlanu. Ukuthola ushukela wegazi ongama-5.5 mmol / l, kwanele ukuncibilika kuwo kuphela amagremu ama-5 kashukela. Leli ithisipuni elilingana noshukela ne-slide. Umzuzwana ngamunye, imithamo ye-microscopic ye-glucose nama-hormone alawulayo angena egazini ukuze alondoloze ukulinganisela. Le nqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yenzeka amahora angama-24 ngosuku ngaphandle kweziphazamiso.

Ushukela ophezulu - izimpawu nezimpawu

Ngokuvamile, umuntu unoshukela wegazi ophezulu ngenxa yesifo sikashukela. Kodwa kunezinye izizathu - umuthi, ukucindezela okukhulu, ukuphazamiseka ku-adrenal noma i-pituitary gland, izifo ezithathelwanayo. Izidakamizwa eziningi zandisa ushukela. Lawa ama-corticosteroids, ama-beta-blockers, ama-thiazide diuretics (ama-diuretics), ama-antidepressants. Ukunikeza uhlu oluphelele lwabo kule ndatshana akwenzeki. Ngaphambi kokuthi udokotela wakho akunikeze umuthi omusha, xoxa ngokuthi uzolithinta kanjani ushukela wakho wegazi.

Imvamisa i-hyperglycemia ayibangeli zimpawu, noma ushukela uphezulu kakhulu kunokujwayelekile. Ezimweni ezinzima, isiguli singalahlekelwa ukwazi. I-Hyperglycemic coma ne-ketoacidosis yizinkinga ezinzima ezisongela impilo ushukela ophezulu.

Izimpawu ezimbi kakhulu, kepha ezejwayelekile:

• ukoma okukhulu;
• umlomo owomile
• ukuchama njalo;
• isikhumba somile, siyabuna;
• umbono omfushane;
• ukukhathala, ukozela;
• ukwehla kwesisindo okungashintshi;
• amanxeba, imihuzuko ayiphili kahle;
• imizwa engathandeki emilenzeni - ukugcwala, ama-goosebumps;
• izifo ezithathelwanayo ezihlala njalo nezikhunta okunzima ukuzelapha.

Izimpawu ezengeziwe ze-ketoacidosis:

• ukuphefumula kaningi nokujulile;
• iphunga le-acetone lapho uphefumula;
• isimo esingokomzwelo esingazinzile.

Kungani ushukela ophezulu wegazi ungalungile

Uma ungalapheki ushukela wegazi ophakeme, khona-ke kubangela izinkinga ezinzima zesifo sikashukela. Izinkinga ezinkulu zibaliwe ngenhla. Lokhu yi-hyperglycemic coma ne-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela. Babonakaliswa ukungazi kahle, ukufeyila futhi kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelashwa okuphuthumayo. Kodwa-ke, izinkinga ezinzima zibangela ukufa kwe-5-10% yabanesifo sikashukela. Bonke abanye bafa ngenxa yezinkinga ezingamahlalakhona ezinso, izinso, imilenze, uhlelo lwezinzwa, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke - kusuka ekuhlaselweni yisifo senhliziyo nokushaywa unhlangothi.

Ushukela ophakanyiswe ngokungafanele ulimaza izindonga zemithambo yegazi kusuka ngaphakathi. Ziba lukhuni ngokweqile futhi zikhulu. Kuyo yonke le minyaka, i-calcium ifakwa kubo, futhi imikhumbi ifana namapayipi amadala amanzi okugqwala. Lokhu kubizwa i-angiopathy - ukulimala kwemithambo. Sekuvele kudala nezinkinga zesifo sikashukela. Izingozi ezinkulu ukuhluleka kwezinso, ubumpumputhe, ukunqunywa kwemilenze noma izinyawo, kanye nezifo zenhliziyo. Lapho likhuphuka ushukela egazini, izingqinamba zishesha ukukhula futhi ziziveza ngokwamandla amakhulu. Naka ukwelashwa nokulawulwa kwesifo sakho sikashukela!

Amakhambi esintu

Izindlela zokwelapha ezithi ushukela wegazi ophansi yi-Jerusalem artichoke, isinamoni, kanye namathiphu ahlukahlukene amakhambi, ama-decoctions, ama-tincture, imikhuleko, uzungu, njll. Linganisa ushukela wakho nge-glucometer ngemuva kokudla noma ukuphuza “umkhiqizo wokupholisa” - bese uqinisekisa ukuthi awutholi noma iyiphi inzuzo yangempela. Amakhambi e-Folk enzelwe abanesifo sikashukela abazikhohlisa, esikhundleni sokuphathwa kahle. Abantu abanjalo bafa ngaphambi kwezinkinga.

Abalandeli bezindlela zokwelapha abantu abanesifo sikashukela "bangamakhasimende" amakhulu odokotela ababhekana nokwehluleka kwezinso, ukunqunywa kwemikhawulo engezansi, kanye nabezamehlo. Izinkinga zesifo sikashukela ezinso, emilenzeni nasebusweni zinikeza iminyaka eminingana yokuphila kanzima ngaphambi kokuba isiguli sibulale ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma unhlangothi. Iningi labakhiqizi nabathengisi bezidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni basebenza ngokucophelela ukuze bangabi ngaphansi kwesibopho sobugebengu. Kodwa-ke, imisebenzi yabo yephula izindinganiso zokuziphatha.

Kala ushukela wegazi lakho nge-glucometer kaningana ngosuku. Uma ubona ukuthi imiphumela ayithuthuki noma isiya iba nzima, yeka ukusebenzisa ikhambi elingasebenzi.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha noma iyiphi enye isifo sikashukela. Ikakhulu uma usuvele unezinkinga zezinso noma unesifo sesibindi. Izithasiselo ezibalwe ngenhla azithathi indawo yokwelashwa ngokudla, imijovo ye-insulin, nomsebenzi womzimba. Ngemuva kokuqala ukuthatha i-alpha-lipoic acid, kungadingeka ukuthi wehlise umthamo wakho we-insulin ukuze kungabikho i-hypoglycemia.

IGlucometer - imitha kashukela ekhaya

Uma uthole i-prediabetes noma isifo sikashukela, kuzodingeka usheshe uthenge idivaysi yokukala ekhaya ushukela wegazi. Le divayisi ibizwa nge-glucometer. Ngaphandle kwayo, isifo sikashukela asikwazi ukulawulwa kahle. Kala ushukela okungenani izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngosuku, futhi ikakhulukazi kaningi. Kwavela amamitha eglucose egazini ngawo-1970. Kuze kube zisetshenziswe kabanzi, abanesifo sikashukela kwakufanele baye egumbini lokuhlinzwa njalo, noma bahlale esibhedlela amasonto.

Amamitha wesimanje weglucose alula futhi anethezekile. Balinganisa ushukela wegazi cishe ngaphandle kobuhlungu futhi ngokushesha babonise umphumela. Inkinga kuphela ukuthi imichilo yokuhlola ayishibhile. Isilinganiso ngasinye sikashukela sibiza cishe ama- $ 0.5. Isamba esiyindilinga siba ngaphezulu kwenyanga. Kodwa-ke, lezi yizindleko ezingenakugwenywa. Yonga imivimbo yokuhlolwa - hamba waphulukisa ekwelapheni izinkinga zikashukela.

Awukwazi ukuthola ushukela wegazi ngenhlala-kahle yakho. Abantu abaningi abezwa umehluko phakathi kwamazinga kashukela we-4 kuye ku-13 mmol / L. Bazizwa bemuhle, noma ngabe ushukela wegazi wabo uphakeme izikhathi eziphindwe izikhathi ezingama-2 kabili kunokwejwayelekile, futhi ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga sikashukela kugcwele. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukukala ushukela nge-glucometer. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kuzofanele "wazi" izinkinga zesifo sikashukela.

Ngesinye isikhathi, odokotela bakwenqaba ngokuphelele ukungena emakethe yegluecometer. Ngoba besongelwa ngokulahleka kwemithombo enkulu yemali evela ezihlolweni zegazi elebhu ushukela. Izinhlangano zezokwelapha zikwazile ukubambezela ukukhushulwa kwamamitha kashukela egazi iminyaka engama-3-5. Noma kunjalo, lapho la madivayisi avele ethengiswa, aqala ukuthandwa. Ungathola okuningi ngalokhu ku-autobiography kaDkt Bernstein. Manje, umuthi osemthethweni ubuye wehlise ukukhuthaza kokudla okuphansi kwe-carbohydrate - okuwukuphela kokudla okufanele kwiziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 nohlobo 2.

Funda nokuthi ungayikhetha kanjani i-glucometer enhle, ubuke ividiyo.

Ukulinganisa ushukela nge-glucometer: imiyalelo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zidinga ukukala ushukela wazo nge-glucometer okungenani izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngosuku, futhi ikakhulukazi kaningi. Le yinqubo elula futhi ecishe ibe buhlungu. Emagunjini okubhoboza iminwe, izinaliti zincanyana ngendlela emangalisayo. Izinzwa azibuhlungu kangako njengokuqhuma komiyane. Kungaba nzima ukukala ushukela wegazi okokuqala, khona-ke uzoba umlutha. Kungcono ukuthi umuntu aqale akhombise ukusebenzisa imitha. Kepha uma kungekho muntu onolwazi eduze, ungaziphatha ngokwakho. Sebenzisa imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo ngezansi.

1. Geza izandla zakho bese zomile kahle.
2. Ukugeza ngensipho kuyinto efiselekayo, kepha akudingekile uma kungekho mibandela yalokhu. Musa ukusula ngotshwala!
3. Ungashukumisa isandla sakho ukuze igazi ligobhoze iminwe yakho. Okungcono futhi, ibambe ngaphansi komfula wamanzi afudumele.
4. Kubalulekile! Indawo yokubhoboza izigaxa kufanele yomile. Ungavumeli amanzi anciphise ithonsi legazi.
5. Faka umucu wokuhlola kumitha. Qiniseka ukuthi umyalezo OK uvela esikrinini, ungalinganisa.
6. UPierce umunwe ophethe ilancet.
7. Massage umunwe wakho ukuze uconsa ithonsi legazi.
8. Kuyelulekwa ukuthi ungasebenzisi ithonsi lokuqala, kepha ulisuse ngoboya bekotini obomile noma ngesikhafu. Lesi akusisincomo esisemthethweni. Kepha zama ukwenza njalo - futhi uqiniseke ukuthi ukunemba kokulinganisa kuyathuthukiswa.
9. Khipha ithonsi legazi lesibili bese ulisebenzisa kumugqa wokuhlolwa.
10. Umphumela wokulinganisa uzovela esikrinini semitha - ubhale kudayari yakho yokulawula isifo sikashukela kanye nemininingwane ehlobene.

Zama ukuthatha iconsi legazi hhayi kwiminwe, kodwa kusuka kwezinye izindawo - ingalo, isandla, njll. Kulokhu, imiphumela efanele ivela ngokubambezeleka. Ake sithi ufuna ukukala ushukela wakho amahora ama-2 ngemuva kokudla. Uma uzobhoboza hhayi umunwe, kepha enye indawo - isilinganiso ngemuva kwamahora ama-2 imizuzu.

Kungcono ukugcina idayari yokulawula ushukela ngokuqhubekayo. Bhala kulo:

• usuku nesikhathi sokulinganisa ushukela;
• umphumela otholakele;
• ukuthi badlani;
• amaphilisi athathwa;
• malini futhi luhlobo luni lwe-insulin olwalwenzekile;
• okwakungukuzivocavoca umzimba, ukucindezelwa kanye nezinye izinto.

Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa uzobona ukuthi lolu lwazi lubalulekile. Zihlaziye ngokwakho noma nodokotela wakho. Qondisisa ukuthi ukudla okuhlukile, izidakamizwa, imijovo ye-insulin, nezinye izici kuthinta kanjani ushukela wakho. Funda isihloko esithi “Okuthinta ushukela wegazi. Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukuthi kuqhudelane futhi kugcinwe kuyinto ejwayelekile. "

Ungayithola kanjani imiphumela efanelekile ngokulinganisa ushukela nge-glucometer:

• Funda ngokucophelela imiyalo yedivayisi yakho.
• Hlola imitha ukunemba njengoba kuchazwe lapha. Uma kuvela ukuthi idivaysi ilele, ungayisebenzisi, buyisela okunye.
• Njengomthetho, ama-glucometer anemichilo yokuhlola eshibhile ayilungile. Baqhuba abashayeli beshukela baye ethuneni.
• Ngaphansi kwemiyalo, thola ukuthi ungasifaka kanjani ithonsi legazi emgqeni wokuhlola.
• Landela ngokuqinile imithetho yokugcina imichilo yokuhlola. Vala ibhodlela ngokucophelela ukuze uvikele umoya omningi ungangeni kuwo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, imichilo yokuhlola izokonakala.
• Musa ukusebenzisa imichilo yokuhlola ephelelwe yisikhathi.
• Lapho uya kudokotela, thatha i-glucometer nawe. Veza udokotela ukuthi ulinganisa kanjani ushukela. Mhlawumbe udokotela onolwazi uzokhombisa ukuthi wenzani okungalungile.

Kangaki ngosuku udinga ukukala ushukela

Ukulawula isifo sikashukela kahle, kudingeka wazi ukuthi ushukela wegazi wakho uziphatha kanjani usuku lonke. Kwabanoshukela abaningi, inkinga enkulu ukwanda ushukela ekuseni esiswini esingenalutho, bese kuthi emva kokudla kwasekuseni. Ezigulini eziningi, ushukela nawo ukhuphuka kakhulu ngemuva kwasemini noma kusihlwa. Isimo sakho sikhethekile, asifani nawo wonke umuntu. Ngakho-ke, sidinga uhlelo lomuntu ngamunye - ukudla, imijovo ye-insulin, ukuthatha amaphilisi neminye imisebenzi. Ukuphela kwendlela yokuqoqa imininingwane ebalulekile yokulawulwa kwesifo sikashukela ukuvivinya ushukela wakho njalo nge-glucometer. Lokhu okulandelayo kuchaza kangaki ngosuku okudinga ukukala ngalo.

Inani lokulawulwa ushukela wegazi yilapho ulilinganisa:

• ekuseni - lapho nje bevuka;
• bese futhi - ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukudla kwasekuseni;
• Amahora angama-5 ngemuva komjovo ngamunye we-insulin esebenza ngokushesha;
• ngaphambi kokudla ngakunye noma isidlo;
• ngemuva kokudla ngakunye noma ukudla okulula - emva kwamahora amabili;
• ngaphambi kokulala;
• ngaphambi nangemva kokufunda ngokomzimba, izimo ezicindezelayo, imizamo yesiphepho emsebenzini;
• lapho nje uzizwa ulambile noma usola ukuthi ushukela wakho uphansi noma uphakeme kunokwejwayelekile;
• Ngaphambi kokuthi ungene ngemuva kwesondo lemoto noma uqale ukwenza umsebenzi oyingozi, bese uphinde ubuye njalo ngehora uze uqede;
• phakathi kobusuku - ukuvikela i-hypoglycemia yango-nocturn.

Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, kanye nohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela esibuhlungu, zidinga ukukala ushukela wazo izikhathi ezingama-4-7 ngosuku - ekuseni ngesisu esingenalutho nangaphambi kokudla ngakunye. Kuyalule futhi ukukala amahora ama-2 ngemuva kokudla. Lokhu kuzobonisa uma ukhethe isilinganiso esifanele se-insulin ngaphambi kokudla. Ngohlobo olunesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 olulula, uma ulawula kahle ushukela wakho ngaphandle kwemijovo ye-insulin, ungalinganisa kaningi - amahlandla ama-2 ngosuku.

Isikhathi ngasinye ngemuva kokulinganisa ushukela, imiphumela kufanele iqoshwe kwidayari. Khombisa nesikhathi nezimo ezihambisanayo:

• ukuthi badlani - yikuphi ukudla, amagremu amangaki;
• yini i-insulin eyalayishwa nokuthi yiliphi idosi;
• amaphilisi kashukela aphuzwa;
• wenzeni;
• ukusebenza komzimba;
• Kufakiwe
• isifo esithathelwanayo.

Yibhale phansi yonke, woza ngokulandelana. Amaseli wokukhumbula amamitha awavumeli ukuqoshwa kwezimo ezihambisana nakho. Ngakho-ke, ukugcina idayari, udinga ukusebenzisa incwadi yokubhalela, noma okungcono, uhlelo olukhethekile kwifoni yakho ephathekayo. Imiphumela yokuzihlola ngokuphelele kwe-glucose ingahlaziywa ngokuzimela noma ngokubambisana nodokotela. Umgomo ukuthola ukuthi ngasiphi isikhathi sosuku futhi ngasiphi isizathu ushukela wakho uphuma ebangeni elijwayelekile. Futhi-ke, ngokufanele, thatha izinyathelo - qamba uhlelo lokwelapha ushukela ngamunye.

Ukuzilawula ngokuphelele ushukela kukuvumela ukuthi uhlole ukuthi kusebenza kahle kangakanani imijovo yakho, imishanguzo, imfundo yomzimba kanye nemijovo ye-insulin. Ngaphandle kokuqapha ngokucophelela, ama-charlatans kuphela "aphatha" isifo sikashukela, lapho kukhona indlela eqondile eya kudokotela ohlinzayo ukuze anqunywe unyawo kanye / noma kudokotela oyi-nephrologist for dialysis. Bambalwa abanesifo sikashukela abazimisele ukuhlala nsuku zonke kohlobo oluchazwe ngenhla. Ngoba izindleko zemivimbo yokuhlolwa kwe-glucometer zingase ziphezulu kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, yenza ngokwakho ukuziqapha ushukela wegazi okungenani usuku olulodwa njalo ngeviki.

Uma uqaphela ukuthi ushukela wakho waqala ukuguquguquka ngokungafani, bese usebenzisa izinsuku eziningana kumodi yokulawula ngokuphelele uze uthole futhi uqede imbangela. Kuyasiza ukutadisha i-athikili “Okuthinta ushukela wegazi. Ungakuqeda kanjani ukugxuma kwayo futhi ikugcine kuyinto evamile. ” Imali eningi oyisebenzisayo kuma-glucose metres test strips, kulapho ulonga kakhulu ekwelapheni izinkinga zikashukela. Umgomo wokugcina ukujabulela impilo enhle, usinde iningi lontanga futhi ungabi nesizungu ekugugeni. Ukugcina ushukela wegazi ngaso sonke isikhathi akukho okuphakeme kune-5.2-6.0 mmol / L kungokoqobo.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Njalo nezimpendulo

Uma usuhlale iminyaka eminingana ushukela omningi, 12 mmol / L nangaphezulu, ngakho-ke akusikiselwanga ukuthi usheshe wehlise ku-4-6 mmol / L, njengabantu abanempilo. Ngoba izimpawu ezingathandeki nezingozi ze-hypoglycemia zingavela. Ikakhulu, izinkinga zesifo sikashukela embonweni zingaqina. Kunconywe ukuthi abantu abanjalo baqale banciphise ushukela baye ku-7-8 mmol / L bese umzimba bawusebenzise phakathi nezinyanga eziyi-1-2. Bese udlulela kubantu abaphilile. Ukuthola eminye imininingwane, bheka isihloko esithi “Izinjongo zokunakekelwa kwesifo sikashukela. Ushukela okudingeka uwulwele. ” Inesigaba "Lapho udinga ngokukhethekile ukugcina ushukela ophezulu."

Awuvamisi ukukala ushukela wakho nge-glucometer. Ngaphandle kwalokho, bebeyoqaphela ukuthi isinkwa, okusanhlamvu namazambane kuyandisa ngendlela efanayo namaswidi. Ungaba nesifo sikashukela noma isigaba sokuqala sikashukela sohlobo 2. Ukucacisa lokhu kutholwa, udinga ukunikeza eminye imininingwane. Yelashwa kanjani - kuchazwe ngokuningiliziwe esihlokweni. Ikhambi eliyinhloko ukudla okune-carbohydrate ephansi.

Ushukela ekuseni esiswini esingenalutho ukhuphuka ngenxa yokuthi emahoreni angaphambi kokusa, isibindi sisebenza ngokukhipha i-insulin egazini. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yinto yokusa yokusa. Kubonakala kwiziguli eziningi ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 nohlobo 2. Funda ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi ungawenza kanjani ushukela ekuseni ngesisu esingenalutho. Lokhu akuwona umsebenzi olula, kepha kuyenzeka. Uzodinga isiyalo. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-3, umkhuba oqinile uzokwakheka, futhi ukunamathela ohlotsheni kuzoba lula.

Kubalulekile ukukala ushukela njalo ekuseni ngesisu esingenalutho. Uma ufaka i-insulin ngaphambi kokudla, lapho-ke udinga ukukala ushukela ngaphambi komjovo ngamunye, bese uphinde futhi emva kwamahora ama-2 ngemuva kokudla. Lokhu kutholakala izikhathi ezi-7 ngosuku - ekuseni ngesisu esingenalutho kanye nezinye izikhathi ezi-2 ekudleni ngakunye. Uma unesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 futhi usilawula ngokudla okune-carbohydrate eningi ngaphandle kwemijovo ye-insulin esheshayo, bese ulinganisa ushukela amahora ama-2 ngemuva kokudla.

Kunamadivayisi abizwa ngokuthi amasistimu wokuqapha ushukela egazini oqhubekayo. Kodwa-ke, banephutha eliphakeme kakhulu uma liqhathaniswa nama-glucometer ajwayelekile. Kuze kube manje, uDkt Bernstein akakukhuthazi ukuzisebenzisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, intengo yazo iphakeme.

Zama kwesinye isikhathi ukubhoboza nge-lancet yakho hhayi iminwe yakho, kepha ezinye izindawo zesikhumba - umhlane wesandla sakho, ingalo, njll. Umbhalo ongenhla uchaza ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani lokhu. Kunoma yikuphi, shintsha iminwe yezandla zombili. Musa ukukhohlisa umunwe ofanayo ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Ukuphela kwendlela yangempela yokwengeza ushukela ngokushesha ukujova i-insulin emfushane noma efushane. Ukudla okuphansi kwe-carbohydrate kwehlisa ushukela, kodwa hhayi ngokushesha, kodwa kungakapheli izinsuku ezingama-1-3. Ezinye izinhlobo zamaphilisi ezinshukela ezi-2 enza ngokushesha. Kepha uma ubaphuza ngomthamo ongafanele, ushukela ungakhubeka ngokweqile, umuntu aphelelwe ingqondo. Amakhambi e-Folk awumbhedo, awasizi ngalutho. Isifo sikashukela yisifo esidinga ukwelashwa okuhleliwe, ukunemba, ukunemba. Uma uzama ukwenza okuthile ngokushesha, ngokushesha, ungalimaza kuphela.

Cishe unesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Impendulo eningiliziwe yombuzo inikezwe esihlokweni esithi "Ukufundisa ngokomzimba ngesifo sikashukela." Kunoma ikuphi, izinzuzo zomsebenzi womzimba uthola ngaphezu kokuhlupheka. Ungayeki imfundo yokuzivocavoca. Ngemuva kwemizamo eminingana, uzothola ukuthi ungawugcina kanjani ushukela ojwayelekile ngaphambi, ngesikhathi nangemva kokuzivocavoca umzimba.

Eqinisweni, amaprotheni nawo akhulisa ushukela, kepha kancane futhi hhayi kangako kuma-carbohydrate. Isizathu ukuthi leyo ngxenye yamaprotheni adliwe emzimbeni iphenduka ushukela. Funda isihloko esithi "Amaprotheni, Amafutha, Ama-carbohydrate kanye neFibre yokudla kwesifo sikashukela" ngemininingwane engaphezulu. Uma ulandela ukudla okune-carbohydrate ephansi ukulawula ushukela, udinga ukubheka ukuthi mangaki amagremu amaprotheni owadlayo ukubala imithamo ye-insulin. Abantu abanesifo sikashukela abadla ukudla “okunokulinganisela” okugcwele kakhulu kuma-carbohydrate abayali i-protein. Kepha banezinye izinkinga ...

Iziphetho

Uthole ukuthi:

• Ungayilinganisa kanjani ushukela nge-glucometer, kangaki ngosuku okudingeka ukwenze ngalo.
• Ungayigcina kanjani futhi kanjani idayari yokuzilawula yoshukela
• Amanani kashukela egazi - kungani ehluke kubantu abanempilo.
• Okufanele ukwenze uma ushukela uphezulu. Ungayinciphisa kanjani futhi uyigcine ijwayelekile.
• Izici zokwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela esibi futhi esithuthukile.

Izinto ezikulesi sihloko ziyisisekelo sohlelo lwakho lokuphumelela lokulawula isifo sikashukela. Ukugcina ushukela usezingeni elijwayelekile, njengabantu abanempilo enhle, umgomo ongafinyeleleka noma ngabe unesifo sikashukela sohlobo olu-1 esiningi futhi kakhulu ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Izinkinga eziningi azikwazi ukwehliswa kuphela, kepha futhi zelaphe ngokuphelele. Ukuze wenze lokhu, akudingeki ukuthi ulambe, uhlupheke emakilasini wezemfundo yomzimba noma ufake imithamo emikhulu ye-insulin. Kodwa-ke, udinga ukuthuthukisa isiyalo ukuze uhambisane nombuso.