Emzimbeni okhulayo, zonke izinqubo zenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu kunabantu abadala, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela nokusimisa lesi sifo ekuqaleni. Ukuthuthuka kwesifo sikashukela ezinganeni kuqhubeka ngokushesha, isikhathi esivela kuzimpawu eziveziwe zokuqala ukuya kwisahlaya sikashukela sithatha izinsuku ezimbalwa, noma amahora. Imvamisa, isifo sikashukela sitholakala endaweni yezempilo lapho ingane ilethwe isesimweni sokungazi.
Izibalo zesifo sikashukela sabantwana ziyadumaza: kutholakala ezinganeni ezingama-0,2 zezingane, kanti izehlakalo ziyanda ngokuqinile, kulo nyaka ukwanda kungu-5%. Phakathi kwezifo ezingalapheki ezaziduma ebuntwaneni, isifo sikashukela sithatha indawo yesithathu kwimvamisa yokutholwa. Ake sizame ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zezifo ezingenzeka ebuntwaneni, ukuthi zingazihlonza kanjani futhi ziziphathe ngesikhathi.
Izici zohlobo 1 nohlobo 2 sikashukela enganeni
Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus siyinkimbinkimbi yokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic, okuhambisana nokwanda kokugcwala kwe-glucose emikhunjini. Imbangela yokwanda kwaleli cala kungaba ukwephulwa kokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin, noma ukwenza buthaka isenzo sayo. Ezinganeni, isifo sikashukela yisona sifo esijwayelekile kakhulu se-endocrine. Ingane ingagula noma yinini, kepha imvamisa yokuphazamiseka kwesinye isikhathi iba khona ezinkulungwaneni nasebusheni ngesikhathi soshintsho olusebenzayo lwe-hormonal.
Isifo sikashukela nokucindezela kuzoba yinto yesikhathi esedlule
- Ukwehlela ushukela -95%
- Ukuqedwa kwe-vein thrombosis - 70%
- Ukuqedwa kokushaya kwenhliziyo okuqinile -90%
- Ukuqeda umfutho wegazi ophakeme - 92%
- Ukwanda kwamandla ngesikhathi sosuku, ngcono ukulala ebusuku -97%
Isifo sikashukela sezingane, njengomthetho, sibi kakhulu futhi sithambekele kakhulu ekuqhubekeni kwesimo kunokuba umuntu mdala. Isidingo se-insulin sishintsha njalo, abazali bavame ukuphoqelelwa ukuthi balinganise i-glycemia futhi baphinde baphinde balinganise umthamo wehomoni ekukhanyisweni kwezimo ezintsha. Ukuzwela i-insulin akuthonyelwanga izifo ezithathelwanayo kuphela, kepha futhi nezinga lomsebenzi, ukwanda kwamahomoni kanye nesimo esibi. Ngokulashwa okungapheli, ukubhekwa kwezokwelapha nokunaka kwabazali, ingane egulayo ikhula ngempumelelo ifunde.
Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus ezinganeni kwesinye isikhathi asikwazi ukunxephezela isikhathi eside ngezindlela ezijwayelekile, i-glycemia ivame ukuqina kuphela ekugcineni kokuthomba.
Izimbangela zesifo sikashukela ezinganeni
Izimbangela zokwephulwa kwazo aziqondakali ngokuphelele, kepha izimbangi zabo zaziwa kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, isifo sikashukela enganeni sitholwa ngemuva kokuchayeka kulezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- Izifo ezithathelanayo zezingane - inkukhu, isimungumungwane, umkhuhlane obomvu nezinye. Futhi, isifo sikashukela singaba yinkinga yomkhuhlane, inyumoniya, noma umphimbo obuhlungu obuhlungu. Lezi zinto eziyingozi ziyingozi kakhulu ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emithathu.
- Ukukhishwa okusebenzayo kwama-hormone ngesikhathi sokuthomba.
- Ukweqisa ngokomqondo, kokubili okuhlala isikhathi eside nokungashadi.
- Ukulimala, ikakhulukazi ekhanda nasiswini.
- Ukudla okunamafutha amakhulu e-carb ahlala eshaya itafula lengane, ikakhulukazi lapho kuhlangene nokusilela kokunyakaza, okuyimbangela eyinhloko yesifo sohlobo 2.
- Ukusetshenziswa okungahambi kahle kwezidakamizwa, ikakhulukazi i-glucocorticoids nama-diuretics. Kunezinsolo zokuthi ama-immunomodulators angaba yingozi, okuyinto eRussia imvamisa ibekelwa cishe wonke amakhaza.
Imbangela yalesi sifo enganeni nayo ingahle ihlawulwe sikashukela kunina. Izingane ezinjalo zizalwa zikhulu, zikhula kahle, kepha zivame ukugula isifo sikashukela.
Isici esidalwa yifa sidlala indima ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo. Uma ingane yokuqala igula isifo sikashukela, ubungozi ezinganeni ezilandelayo emndenini yi-5%. Unabazali ababili abanesifo sikashukela, ubungozi obukhulu buba ngama-30%. Njengamanje, kukhona izivivinyo ezingathola ukuba khona kwama-genetic markers sikashukela. Kuliqiniso, lezi zifundo azinazo izinzuzo ezisebenzayo, ngoba okwamanje azikho izindlela zokuvimbela ezingakuqinisekisa ukuvikela lesi sifo.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwesifo sikashukela
Eminyakeni eminingi, isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 sasibhekwa njengokuwukuphela kwengane engenzeka. Kumanje sekutholakele ukuthi i-98% yawo wonke amacala. Eminyakeni engama-20 edlule, izindlela zokuxilonga ziya ngokuya zembula izinhlobo ezingezona zesigaba salesi sifo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwanda kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 sikhuphuke kakhulu, ngenxa yemikhuba engemihle kanye nokukhuphuka okuqinile kwesisindo esizukulwaneni esincane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuthuthukiswa kwezokwelapha kuye kwenza ukuthi kutholakale ukuthi ngabe yini ama-syndromes wezakhi zofuzo abangela isifo sikashukela, ngaphambili esasibhekwa njengohlobo olumsulwa.
Ukuhlukaniswa okusha kokuphazamiseka kwe-carbohydrate okuhlongozwe yi-WHO kufaka phakathi:
- Uhlobo olu-1, oluhlukaniswe nge-autoimmune ne-idiopathic. Kwenzeka kaningi kunezinye izinhlobo. Imbangela ye-autoimmune kungukuzivikela kwayo, okubhubhisa amaseli e-pancreatic. Isifo sikashukela se-Idiopathic sikhula ngendlela efanayo, kepha azikho izimpawu zenqubo ye-autoimmune. Imbangela yalokhu kwephula umthetho ayikaziwa okwamanje.
- Thayipha isifo sikashukela 2 enganeni. Ibalelwa ku-40% wawo wonke amacala angabhalwa ngohlobo 1. Lesi sifo siqala ngesikhathi sokuthomba ezinganeni ezikhuluphele. Njengomthetho, kulokhu kungenzeka ukuthi ifa lilandelwe: omunye wabazali unesifo sikashukela.
- Ukuguqulwa kwe-Gene okuholela ekukhiqizweni kwe-insulin. Okokuqala, yi-Modi-sikashukela, ehlukaniswe izinhlobo eziningi, ngasinye sinezindlela zayo zokucacisa nezindlela zokwelapha. Ibalelwa cishe ku-10% we-hyperglycemia, okungeke kuthiwe ngohlobo 1. Isifo sikashukela se-Mitochondrial, esidalwa njengefa futhi esihambisana nokuphazamiseka kwemizwa, siseqenjini elifanayo.
- Ukuguqulwa kwe-Gene okuholela ekumelaneni ne-insulin. Isibonelo, thayipha ukumelana, okuvame ukubonakaliswa emantombazaneni asakhula kanye ne-leprechuanism, okuyisifo sokukhula okuningana esihambisana ne-hyperglycemia.
- Isifo sikashukela i-Steroid ukugula okubangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa (imvamisa glucocorticoids) noma amanye amakhemikhali. Imvamisa, lolu hlobo loshukela ezinganeni lusabela kahle ekwelashweni.
- Isifo sikashukela sesibili Imbangela ingaba yizifo nokulimala komnyango wamanyikwe, obhekene nokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin, kanye nezifo ze-endocrine: hypercorticism syndrome, i-acromegaly, ezinye izinhlobo zofuzo ezikhulisa ubungozi besifo sikashukela: Phansi, Shereshevsky-Turner, njll. ukuphazamiseka kwe-carbohydrate okuhlobene nohlobo 1.
- Isifo se-Polyglandular insuffence syndrome yisifo esivelakancane kakhulu se-autoimmune esithinta izitho zohlelo lwe-endocrine futhi singabhubhisa amaseli akhiqiza i-insulin.
Izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela ezinganeni
Ukudalwa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 ezinganeni kudlula ngezigaba eziningana. Ngokuqala kokuwohloka kwe-beta cell, abasele bathatha imisebenzi yabo. Ingane isivele igula, kepha azikho izimpawu. Iglucose yegazi iqala ukukhula lapho sekusele amaseli ambalwa, bese kuba nokuntuleka kwe-insulin. Ngasikhathi sinye, izicubu zishoda ngamandla. Ukwenzela yona, umzimba uqala ukusebenzisa izinqolobane ezinamafutha njengamafutha. Lapho amafutha echithiwe, kwenziwa ama-ketones athinta ingane enobuthi, okuholela ku-ketoacidosis, bese kuba ukoma.
Ngesikhathi sokukhula ushukela kanye nokuqala kwe-ketoacidosis, lesi sifo singabonakala izimpawu zomlingiswa:
| Umile, uchama ngokushesha. | Ushukela omningi udonswa yizinso, ngakho-ke umzimba ufuna ukuqinisa ukuchama. Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus sihambisana nezingane ngokwanda kwenani lezifiso zobusuku. Ukoma okukhulu kuvela ekuphenduleni kokuphelelwa ngamandla komzimba. |
| Ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla. | Isizathu yindlala yezicubu. Ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-insulin, ushukela uqongelela emithanjeni yengane futhi ungafiki kumaseli. Umzimba uzama ukuthola amandla ngendlela ejwayelekile - ekudleni. |
| Ukomela ngemuva kokudla. | Ngemuva kokudla, i-glycemia inyuka kakhulu, okuthi ikhule inempilo. Emahoreni ambalwa, insulin eseleyo yehlisa ushukela wegazi, futhi ingane iba namandla ngokwengeziwe. |
| Ukwehla kwesisindo esisheshayo. | Enye yezimpawu zakamuva zesifo sikashukela. Kuyabonakala lapho amaseli e-beta aphilayo acishe aphele, bese kusetshenziswa imali yamafutha. Lolu phawu alulona uhlobo lohlobo 2 nesinye isifo sikashukela se-Mody. |
| Ubuthakathaka. | Lokhu kubonakaliswa kwesifo sikashukela kungabangelwa ukubulawa yindlala kwezicubu kanye nemiphumela enobuthi yama-ketones. |
| Izifo eziqhubekayo noma ezenzeka njalo, amathumba, ibhali. | Njengomthetho, bangumphumela wokuqala kahle kwesifo sikashukela. Zombili izingqinamba zamagciwane kanye nezifo zokukhunta kungenzeka. Amantombazane ane-thrush, futhi izinsana zinesifo sohudo esingelashwa. |
| Iphunga le-acetone eliphuma esikhunjeni, emlonyeni, emchameni. Ukujuluka. | I-acetone ingesinye sezidumbu ze-ketone ezakhiwa ngesikhathi se-ketoacidosis. Umzimba ufuna ukuqeda ubuthi ngazo zonke izindlela ezitholakalayo: ngesithukuthuku, umchamo, umoya ophelile - izinkambiso ze-acetone emchameni. |
Izimpawu zokuqala zingavikeleka ngokutheleleka ngegciwane, eseliphenduke laba yisifo sikashukela. Uma ungaxhumani nodokotela ngesikhathi, isimo sengane siya ngokuba sibi. Isifo sikashukela sibonisa ngokugabha, ubuhlungu besisu, ukwazi ukungasebenzi, ngakho-ke, lapho ungena esibhedlela, izifo zamathumbu noma i-appendicitis zivame ukuba yisifo sokuqala.
Ukuze kutholakale isifo sikashukela esifike ngesikhathi kumntwana, ama-endocrinologists ayelulekwa ukuthi ahlole ushukela ngemuva kokugula okungathí sina. Ungenza ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo usebenzisa i-glucometer ephathekayo ezindaweni zokucwaninga eziningi nakwamanye amakhambi emithi. Nge-glycemia ephezulu, ushukela womchamo ungatholakala usebenzisa imichilo yokuhlola.
Izindlela zokuxilonga ezidingekayo
Ezinganeni, thayipha isifo sikashukela esinamandla kakhulu, esibonakaliswa ukuqala okungathi sína nezimpawu ezicacile. Izimpawu zomtholampilo zakudala noshukela ophezulu zinganele ukuthola isifo. Izindlela zokudla ziyi-glycemia eshesha ngaphezulu kwe-7 noma ngasiphi isikhathi sosuku ezingaphezu kuka-11 mmol / L. Ukuxilongwa kuqinisekiswa ukuhlolwa kwe-insulin, C-peptide, antibodies to cell beta. Ukukhuphela ngaphandle izehlakalo zokuvuvukala kumanyikwe, kwenziwa iskena se-ultrasound.
Kulezo zimo lapho kungenzeki khona ukuthi ukunqume ngokungenamqondo uhlobo lwe-1 sikashukela:
- uma lesi sifo siqala ngobumnene, izimpawu zanda isikhathi eside, kungenzeka ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezi-2 zesifo noma ifomu leModi. Izimpawu ezisusiwe noma ezisetshenziswayo lapho kukhona i-hyperglycemia zidinga ucwaningo olwengeziwe;
- Ingane ingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala. Ezinganeni ezincane, uhlobo 1 lwenzeka 1% wamacala;
- ingane ine-pathologies yokukhula. Ukuhlola kuyadingeka ukuthola izakhi zofuzo.
- Ukuhlaziywa kwe-C-peptide kuyinto ejwayelekile (> 200) ngemuva kweminyaka emi-3 ukusuka ekuqaleni kwesifo sikashukela, i-glycemia ngaphandle kokwelashwa ingaphezulu kuka-8. Ngohlobo 1, lokhu kwenzeka kwiziguli ezingekho ngaphezu kwe-5. Kwezinye izingane, amaseli we-beta anesikhathi sokuwohloka ngokuphelele;
- ukungabikho kwama-antibodies ngesikhathi sokuxilonga kuyindlela yokuphakamisa uhlobo lwe-idiopathic 1 noma izinhlobo ezingavamile zesifo sikashukela.
Ungasiphatha kanjani isifo sikashukela ezinganeni
Isifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1 sidinga ukwelashwa kwe-insulin okuphoqelekile. Kuqala ngokushesha ngemuva kokuxilongwa kwalesi sifo futhi kuyaqhubeka impilo yonke. Manje ukufaka i-insulin yakho ngeyokufakelwa ukuphela kwendlela yokusindisa impilo yengane enesifo sikashukela. Ukudla okuphakanyisiwe kwe-carb ephansi kunganciphisa kakhulu i-glycemia, kepha ayikwazi ukunxephezela lesi sifo, ngoba i-glucose ingena egazini hhayi kuphela ngokudla, kodwa futhi nesibindi, lapho senziwa khona emithanjeni engeyona eye-carbohydrate. Ezinye izindlela zingaba yingozi empilweni. Ngokwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, azikho amaseli we-beta, akhiqizwa i-insulin. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, alikho ikhambi lokumangalisa elikwazi ukugcina ushukela ujwayelekile.
Ukukhethwa kwe-insulin nokuqeqeshwa kwabazali emithethweni yokulawulwa kwe-glycemic kwenzeka endaweni yesibhedlela, ngokuzayo kuzoba nokulandelwa okwanele. Ngemuva kokuqala kokwelashwa kwe-insulin, amaseli e-beta agcinwe okwesikhashana aqhubeke nomsebenzi wawo, isidingo semijovo sincishiswa kakhulu. Le nto ibizwa ngokuthi i-honeymoon. Ungahlala isonto noma unyaka. Sonke lesi sikhathi, ingane kufanele ithole imithamo emincane ye-insulin. Akunakwenzeka ukwenqaba ngokuphelele ukwelashwa.
Ngemuva komshado, ingane idluliselwa ohlelweni olunamandla lokwelashwa kwe-insulin, kusetshenziswa ama-hormone amafushane futhi amade. Ukubhekelwa ikakhulukazi ekudleni okunempilo, kufanele kubalwe yonke igramu yama-carbohydrate. Ukunxephezela i-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, noma imiphi imidlana engabaliwe kuzodingeka iqedwe ngokuphelele.
I-insulin ingahanjiswa ngaphansi kwesikhumba ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Isirinji sithathwa njengendlela engasebenzi futhi ayisetshenziswa kakhulu ezinganeni. Imvamisa, kusetshenziswa amapeni wesirinji, avumela imijovo engenabunzima. Ngominyaka yesikole, ingane isivele yazi ukuthi ingawenza kanjani umjovo, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ifunda ukuqoqa ipeni lesirinji bese ibeka umthamo ofanele kuyo. Lapho befika eminyakeni eyi-14, abanesifo sikashukela abanokuphepha okuphephile bayakwazi ukubala i-insulin ngokwabo futhi bangakwazi ukuzimela kwabazali babo kulolu daba.
Indlela yesimanje yokuphatha iyimpompo ye-insulin. Ngosizo lwayo, kungenzeka ukufeza imiphumela engcono kakhulu ye-glycemia. Ukuthandwa kwaso ezifundeni zaseRussia kungalingani, endaweni ethile (esifundeni saseSamara) ngaphezu kwengxenye yezingane zidluliselwa kukho, endaweni ethile (esifundeni se-Ivanovo) - akukho ngaphezu kwe-5%.
Ukuphazamiseka kohlobo 2 kuphathwa ngokuya ngezinhlelo ezihlukile. Ukwelapha kufaka phakathi:
| Izakhi zokwelapha | Imininingwane Yabazali |
| Ukwelashwa kokudla | Ukudla okuphansi kwe-carbohydrate, ukungafakwa ngokuphelele kwe-muffin namaswidi. Ukulawulwa kwekalori ukuqinisekisa ukwehliswa kwesisindo kancane kancane kokujwayelekile. Ngokuvimbela ukuphazamiseka kwemithambo yegazi, inani lamafutha egcwele lilinganiselwe. Isisekelo sokondliwa yimifino nokudla okunamaprotheni amaningi. |
| Umsebenzi womzimba | Izinga lomsebenzi likhethwa ngawodwana. Ekuqaleni, lezi zingaba imithwalo yokuqina okuphakathi - ubude (okungenani imizuzu engama-45) uhamba ngesivinini esikhulu, ubhukuda. Okungenani ukusebenzisa okungu-3 kuyadingeka ngesonto. Ngokuthuthuka kwesimo somzimba nokuncipha kwesisindo, ingane enesifo sikashukela ingahlanganyela ngokuphumelelayo kunoma yisiphi isigaba sezemidlalo. |
| Amaphilisi okwehlisa ushukela | Kumathebhulethi, izingane zivunyelwe kuphela i-metformin, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kugunyazwe kusuka eminyakeni eyi-10. Umuthi awukwazi ukubangela i-hypoglycemia, ngakho-ke, ungasetshenziswa ngaphandle kokubheka njalo kwabantu abadala. Lapho uthatha i-metformin, ukuqapha okwengeziwe kwentuthuko nokufikisa kuyadingeka. Umthamo wokuqala ezinganeni ngu-500 mg, umkhawulo ngu-2000 mg. |
| Insulin | Kunqunyelwe kanqabile, okwesikhashana, ukuqeda ukubola kwesifo sikashukela. Ezimweni eziningi, i-insal insulin yanele, efakwa kazilokho 2 ngosuku. |
Yini edingekayo ezinganeni ezikhubazekile ezinesifo sikashukela
Zonke izingane ezinesifo sikashukela zisencane zinethuba lokuthola ukukhubazeka, zabelwa isigaba sengane ekhubazekile ngaphandle kokuhlukaniswa ngamaqembu.
Izizathu zokukhubazeka zichazwe ku-Order of the Ministry of Labour of the Russian Federation 1024n ngomhlaka 12/17/15. Lokhu kungaba yiminyaka engu-14, noma izinkinga zesifo sikashukela, ukubola kwayo isikhathi eside, ukungasebenzi ngempumelelo kwendlela enqunyelwe. Nge-mellitus elula yesifo sikashukela, ukukhubazeka kususwa eneminyaka eyi-14, ngoba kunenkolelo yokuthi kusukela manje ingane iyakwazi ukuzithiba futhi ayisaludingi usizo lwabazali bayo.
Izinzuzo zengane ekhubazekile:
- ukukhokhwa kwemali okuzanyanga zonke. Ubukhulu baso bukhonjiswa njalo. Manje impesheni yomphakathi ne
- ifinyelela kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-12,5;
- inkokhelo kumzali ongasebenzi osebenzela umuntu okhubazekile - ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-5.5;
- izinkokhelo zesifunda, zombili ezingashadile nezinyanga zonke;
- ukwenziwa ngcono kwezimo zezindlu ngokulandelana kokuqala ngaphansi kwesivumelwano sokuphepha senhlalo yemindeni ebhaliswe ngaphambi kuka-2005;
- isinxephezelo sika-50% wezindleko zemisebenzi yezindlu;
- ukwamukelwa ngaphandle komugqa enkulisa;
- ukwamukelwa mahhala enkulisa;
- amathuba okuthola imfundo ekhaya;
- ukudla kwasemini kwamahhala esikoleni;
- umbuso omnandi okhethekile wokuhlolwa;
- izilinganiso zokwamukelwa emanyuvesi athile.
Njengengxenye yohlu lwe-Vital and Essential Izidakamizwa, bonke abantu abanesifo sikashukela bathola imithi abayidingayo. Uhlu luhlanganisa zonke izinhlobo ze-insulin nezinto ezidliwayo. Ngokwokuhlangenwe nakho kwabazali, izinaliti, izingilazi, imichilo yokuhlolwa kunika okuncane kakhulu, futhi kufanele kuthengwe ngokwabo. Kubantu abakhubazekile, kunikezwa eminye imishanguzo.
Imiphumela engaba khona kanye nezinkinga
Isinxephezelo sikashukela i-mellitus ezweni lonke silinganiswa ngabasebenza nge-endocrinologists njengoba bengagculisi, i-hemoglobin esezingeni eliphakathi kwezingane yi-9.5%. Emadolobheni amakhulu, lesi sibalo singcono kakhulu, cishe i-8.5%. Ezindaweni ezikude, izinto zimbi kakhulu ngenxa yokuba ngumzali ompofu, isibalo esanele se-endocrinologists, izibhedlela ezingekho kahle, kanye nokungatholakali kwemithi yesimanje. Ngokwemvelo, ezimweni ezinjalo, izinkinga zesifo sikashukela zivame kakhulu.
Yini esongela ushukela omkhulu enganeni: ubuthi be-glucose buyimbangela yokuthuthukiswa kwe-micro- kanye ne-macroangiopathy, i-neuropathy. Isimo esibi somkhumbi sikhinyabeza izifo eziningi ezihlangana, ikakhulukazi i-nephropathy kanye ne-retinopathy. Ngesikhathi seminyaka engama-30, ukwehluleka kwezinso kungenzeka.
I-Atherossteosis, umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo kungenzeka ngisho esemncane. Le miphumela engathandeki ithinta ukukhula kwengqondo kanye nekhono lokufunda kwengane, kunciphisa kakhulu uhlu lobuchwepheshe obukhona kuye ngokuzayo.
Unyawo lwesifo sikashukela aluvamile ezinganeni, imvamisa izinkinga zemikhumbi nezinzwa zemilenze kukhawulelwa yizimpawu ezinjengokukwehla kwesisu nokukhubazeka.
Ukuvimbela
Ukuvinjwa kwesifo sikashukela manje kungenye yezinkinga zemithi ezicindezela kakhulu. Ngokuvimbelwa kwesifo sohlobo 2, yonke into ilula, ngoba ikhula ngaphansi kwethonya lemvelo. Kwanele ukwenza ngokwejwayelekile isisindo sengane, ukulinganisela ekudleni kwakhe, ukungezwa ohlelweni lokuqeqeshwa nsuku zonke, futhi nengozi yesifo sikashukela izoncipha kakhulu.
Ngohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1, ushintsho lwendlela yokuphila aludlali indima ebaluleke kakhulu, futhi kusenokwenzeka ukuthi wehlise ijubane inqubo ye-autoimmune futhi ulondoloze amaseli we-beta, naphezu kwemali enkulu etshaliwe ocwaningweni. Ama-Immunosuppressants, asetshenziselwa ukufakelwa kwezitho, anganciphisa inqubo. Ukusetshenziswa kwabo kwempilo yonke kubekezelelwa kabi, kucindezela amasosha omzimba, futhi lapho kukhanseliwe, inqubo ye-autoimmune iyaqala kabusha. Kakade kunezidakamizwa ezingathinta kancane izimbangela zesifo sikashukela, ziyahlolwa. Uma izakhiwo nokuphepha kwemithi emisha kuqinisekisiwe, thayipha isifo sikashukela sokuqala singalashwa ekuqaleni.
Izincomo zomtholampilo zokuvikela isifo sikashukela (kufanelekile ukubhekisisa ukuthi zonke zinokusebenza okuphansi):
- Ukuqapha njalo ushukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ukuqala ngesikhathi ukwelashwa ekuqaleni kwesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa.
- Kuneziphakamiso ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kobisi lwenkomo kanye nefomula yobisi olungashintshiwe enganeni kuze kube unyaka kunyusa ubungozi besifo sikashukela. Ukuncelisa ibele yisilinganiso sokuqala sokuvimbela izifo.
- Idatha efanayo ihlobene nokondla kwasekuqaleni okusanhlamvu.
- Ukugoma ngesikhathi ukuze uvikele izifo ezithathelwanayo.
- Ukuthathwa kokuvimbela kwe-Vitamin D ezinganeni kuze kube unyaka. Kukholelwa ukuthi le vithamini inciphisa ukungezwani komzimba.
- Ukuhlolwa njalo kwe-Vitamin D ezinganeni ezindala, uma kutholakala ukuthi kukhona ukuntuleka - inkambo yokwelashwa kumithamo yokwelapha.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwama-immunostimulants (ama-ferons) kuphela ngokusho kwezinkomba. I-ARVI, noma imvamisa, akuyona inkomba yokwelashwa.
- Ukukhishwa kwezimo ezicindezelayo. Ukwethembana okuhle nengane yakho.
- Ukudla okunempilo okunempilo. Idayi elincane nezinye izithasiselo. Isifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin sivame kakhulu emazweni athuthukile, ososayensi abahlobanisa nokudla okucoliswe ngokweqile futhi okulungiswa kaningi.
Sifisela izingane zakho impilo enhle, futhi uma kunenkinga, lapho-ke uzoba nesineke namandla.
