I-Arteriossteosis ingukuqina, ukuqina nokulahleka kwe-elasticity ngezindonga zemikhumbi ye-arterial yesistimu yokujikeleza kwegazi. Lokhu kudalwa kokukhula kwengqondo kwenzeka ngenxa yokwakheka kwama-cholesterol ekubunjweni okungaphakathi kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi. Ngenxa yalokhu, kunokuvinjelwa kancane kancane kokugeleza kwegazi kwizitho nezicubu zangaphakathi.
I-Pathology icasulisa ukubonakala esigulini kanye nokuqhubeka kwesibalo esikhulu sezinkinga ezihambisana nokuhlinzekwa kwegazi okunganele, okuzibonakala ngokuntuleka kwezakhi zomsoco nomoya-mpilo emangqamuzaneni ezitho zomzimba. Amathishu aqala ukuzwa indlala ye-oxygen - hypoxia.
Enye yezinhlobonhlobo ze-atherosclerosis isatshalaliswa. Luhlobo oluthile lwalesi sifo, esibonakala ngokuthi ukubekwa kwe-cholesterol kwenzeka ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi etholakala emgogodleni nasebuchosheni.
Phakathi kwezimpawu zesifo, okusobala kakhulu yile:
- ubuthakathaka obungazelelwe
- ubukhulu bendawo yobuso noma ephansi,
- isiphazamiso
- ubunzima bokuqonda ukukhuluma;
- Izinkinga zokukhuluma.
Ubunzima bokuxilongwa bukhombisa iqiniso lokuthi ukusabalalisa i-atherosclerosis kunezimpawu ezifanayo nezinye izinhlobo zezifo, ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi kuyini nokuthi baphila kangakanani nakho. Futhi kulokhu, udinga ukuthola ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi empeleni lesi sifo siqala siphi nokuthi yiziphi izindlela zokuvikela ezizosiza ukusigwema.
Izinhlobo eziphambili zesifo
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi inqubo yokwelashwa ayihlanganisi kuphela ekuphuzeni imishanguzo ekhethekile, kepha futhi nokudla ngendlela ekhethekile, kanye nokwenza izivivinyo zomzimba eziningana. Udokotela utusa lolu hlelo lokwelashwa ngemuva kokuhlolwa isiguli ngokuphelele.
Okokuqala, i-intima (ungqimba lwangaphakathi lodonga lwemithambo yegazi) yodonga olungaphandle luyathinteka. Esigabeni sokuqala sokuqhubeka kwezifo, ukuhlolwa kodonga lwe-vascular kwembula amaseli amakhulu. Njengoba ukwakheka kwe-plaque nokuqhubeka kwezifo, ama-cholesterol amana angathatha ukwakheka nokwakheka okuhlukile.
Ukuqhubekela phambili kokusakazeka kwe-atherosclerosis kuholela ekuqineni kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi yomgogodla nobuchopho, ukuncipha kokukhanya kwabo kwangaphakathi kanye nokwakheka kwezinguquko eziwohlokayo ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-atherosclerosis ne-multiple sclerosis ngokuvamile ziyefana, kepha noma kunjalo, umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwayo. Umehluko wabo ukuthi i-atherosclerosis esakazekile ukuhlupheka okuthinta imithambo emincane nemithambo yegazi, ethwala izakhi ezibalulekile kanye negazi kumangqamuzana ezinzwa.
Kunezinhlobo ezinjalo zokugula:
- I-Atherossteosis iwukunciphisa imithambo kusuka ekuqongeleleni ama-cholesterol deposits, imali yesalcium ne-fibrin ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi. Le nqubo ithinta imithambo emikhulu nemaphakathi.
- I-Monkeberg arteriossteosis noma i-medial calcific sclerosis ivame ukubonwa kakhulu kubantu asebekhulile, ebonakala ngomonakalo wokufakelwa kwemithambo ephakathi kwemithambo yegazi.
- I-Hyperplastic atherossteosis uhlobo lwesifo esithinta imithambo emikhulu naphakathi.
- Uhlobo lwe-hyaline, olubizwa ngokuthi i-hyalinosis ye-arterial, lisho izilonda ezibangelwa ukufakwa kwe-homogeneous hyaline emithanjeni emincane yemithambo emithanjeni emincane kanye nama-arterioles.
Udokotela wenza lesi sifo ngemuva kwenkimbinkimbi yezifundo zaselebhu kanye nezinsizakalo.
Izici zokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo
Uma sikhuluma ngokusabalalisa kwe-atherossteosis, kuyini, kufanele futhi uzijwayeze ngomqondo wokusatshalaliswa kwe-intravascular coagulation.Ukuqhekeka kwe-intravascular coagulation kungumphumela wokuqalwa okukhulu kohlelo lwe-coagulation ngomonakalo we-endothelial kanye / noma ukukhishwa kwezinto ezi-thromboplastic emgodini wegazi.
Kungabangelwa ukukhula kwezifo ezinzima, ukulimala, izinkinga ze-neoplasia kanye ne-gynecological. I-fibrin thrombi encane ingakheka emithanjeni emincane yobuchopho, inhliziyo, amaphaphu, izinso nezinye izitho futhi kubangele ukulimala kwezicubu ze-ischemic.
Ama-fibrin thrombi amancane atholakala lapho esisesigabeni sokuqala sokukhula kwesifo, ukwakheka kwalezi zindlela kubangelwa ukwenziwa kwe-system enikeza i-intravascular coagulation, i-thrombi enjalo ibonakala kahle ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kuma-capillary loops.
Imininingwane yaselabhoratri ifaka:
- ukubalwa kweplatelet;
- ukukhonjwa kwezinga lokuncishiswa kwenani le-fibrinogen;
- ukuhlonza isikhathi eside se-prothrombin;
- ukuzimisela kwezinga lokukhuphuka kwesikhathi se-thromboplastin;
- nokuthola ukuba khona kwe-D-dimer eyandayo.
Ukuminyana ngokweqile kuholela kulesi simo, esenzeka ngenxa yomonakalo we-endothelial kanye nenani elikhulu lamaplatelet egazini.
Uma le nto itholwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kungalimeka eminye imithambo yemithambo yegazi emithanjeni.
Izici zobungozi ezifaka isandla ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo
Abanye abantu basengozini ephezulu yokuthola lesi sifo. Kukuleli qembu leziguli okufanele ziqaphe impilo yazo ngokucophelela.
Ukuhlolwa njalo ngudokotela, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezindlela zokuvimbela, kuzosiza ukugwema izinkinga ezinkulu ngesikhathi sokuqhubeka kwesifo. Iqembu lengozi lifaka iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela i-mellitus, abantu abanokuphambuka kwezakhi zofuzo ekukhuleni kwe-atherossteosis. Iziguli ezihlala ezindaweni ezinezimo ezingezinhle zemvelo.
Abantu abanesifo sikashukela esingalawulwa kahle kanye noshukela omkhulu wegazi bavame ukuthuthukisa isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi. Ngenxa yemiphumela emibi yeglue glucose ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi.
Abantu abanezihlobo zabo abanenkinga ye-atherosclerosis kanye nezifo zenhliziyo basengozini enkulu yokuthola isifo sokuqina kwamathambo kunabantu abangenazo izihlobo eziseduzane ezinama-pathologies anjalo.
Ukungcoliswa komoya nemvelo kuthinta kabi impilo yabantu, okuholela ekubonakaleni kwezifo eziningi emzimbeni, hhayi okuncane phakathi kwalokhu kuphazamiseka ukukhula kwezinguquko ze-atherosclerotic ohlelweni lwezinhliziyo ezigulini.
Ezinye izinto ezingezinhle zinegalelo ekutholakaleni kokulimala kwangaphakathi kwodonga lwe-vascular. Yini ecasisa ukwakheka kwama-cholesterol amana kubo kanye nokuthuthuka kwe-atherosclerosis.
Lezi zinto yilezi:
- umfutho wegazi ophakeme
- cholesterol ephezulu;
- ukubhema
- ushukela wegazi ophakeme.
Ngakho-ke, abantu abanesifo sikashukela kudingeka banake kakhulu impilo yabo.
Izigaba zabantu ezivezwa yilezi zinto eziyingozi kufanele ziqaphele ikakhulukazi lapho zigcina ukudla kungamafutha futhi ziphansi kuma-carbohydrate; ngaphezu kwalokho, laba bantu balulekwe ngokuqinile ukuthi ngokwezigaba bayeke ukubhema.
Ungawunaki umsebenzi wokuzivocavoca umzimba, kufanele njalo wenze isethi yokuzivocavoca enconywa udokotela wakho.
Ungayelapha kanjani i-atherosclerosis eminingi?
Vele, i-atherosclerotic syndrome kufanele ilashwe ngosizo lwemithi ethile.
Ukwelashwa kuvame ukuthatha indlela yezindlela zokuvimbela. Imithi ejwayele ukwakhiwa equkethe izidakamizwa ezifana nezidakamizwa ukwehlisa i-cholesterol ephezulu, umfutho wegazi ophakeme (i-ACE inhibitors), nezidakamizwa ze-anticoagulant ezisiza ukuvikela ukuchitheka kwegazi.
Ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila kunconyiwe, ukusebenza ngokomzimba kufanele kwandiswe, ukubhema kufanele kushiywe ngokuphelele futhi ukusetshenziswa kotshwala kufanele kwehliswe kakhulu.
Ukwelashwa kungafaka ukuthatha izidakamizwa ze-senolytic noma izidakamizwa ezikhipha ngokungakhethi amaseli wokuguga. Izidakamizwa ezinjalo zinciphisa ukubalwa kwe-vascular futhi zithuthukise ukusebenza kohlelo lwethambo nenhliziyo.
Ngenqubo yokwelashwa, uma kunesidingo, kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuhlinzwa:
- I-Angioplasty ne-stenting. I-catheter iqala ukufakwa engxenyeni evinjiwe / encishisiwe yomthambo, bese umoya ushaywa udabula endaweni eyi-catheter. Ngesikhathi senqubo, izindonga zomkhumbi zihanjiswa eceleni, futhi amadiphozithi e-cholesterol acindezelwa maqondana nodonga lwemikhumbi. I-mesh tube ihlala esikebheni, isebenza njenge-scaffold esekela futhi ivimbela i-artery ukuthi inganciphisi futhi.
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-coronary artery bypass. Ngokungenelela okuhlinzayo, kusetshenziswa indawo entsha yokugeleza kwegazi eya enhliziyweni. Besebenzisa ingxenye enempilo yomkhumbi we-venous, udokotela ohlinzayo umfaka phambi kwengxenye evalekile yomthambo futhi ngemuva kwawo, okuthi kamuva kuvume ukuhamba kwegazi ngokuzungeza kwendawo eyonakele yomkhumbi odlula lapho.
- I-Endarterectomy. Leli igama elijwayelekile lenqubo yokususwa kokufakwa kwe-cholesterol deposits endaweni encishisiwe noma evinjiwe yomkhumbi ongaphandle.
Ngenqubo yokwelapha ukugula, i-thrombolytic therapy ingasetjenziswa. Lokhu ukwelashwa okuhloswe ngawo ukucekela phansi inqwaba ye-plaque engaphakathi emthanjeni ngokuqedwa kwezibilini zegazi okwakheke ngaphakathi emzimbeni.
Udinga futhi ukukhumbula umuthi wendabuko. Ezimweni eziningi, kungaba yindlela ephumelelayo yokulwa ne-pathology. Ikakhulu uma uyihlanganisa nezindlela zendabuko zokwelashwa nokuvimbela.
Phakathi kokupheka okuthandwa kakhulu, okulandelayo kuyaziwa:
- decoction of oki bark;
- Amajikijolo kamalibhele
- Ama-Blueberries
- i-decoction yezimbali ze-chamomile;
- izimpande ze-ginger;
- i-walnut ehlanganiswe noju.
Ekhemisi ungahlala uthenge amalungiselelo e-herbal azosiza ukubuyisa ukujikeleza kwegazi futhi uvikele ukuthuthukiswa kwe-atherosclerosis eminingi.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
Izindlela zokuvimbela ezinye zezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokuvimbela ukuqala kwalesi sifo.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukubonakala kokuqongelwa kwe-cholesterol ezindongeni zemithambo yemithambo kubandakanya ukufakwa kwemithetho eminingana.
Udinga ukulandela ukudla, udle ukudla okuphansi ku-cholesterol, futhi uma kungenzeka ugweme ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha agcwele. Bakhulisa cholesterol embi.
Kunconywa ukuthi uvivinye umzimba njalo. Noma okungenani wenze amakhono wokuzivocavoca okuqala, hambisa okuningi.
Kubalulekile ukuyeka imikhuba emibi.
Ukudla okulandelayo kuphezulu emafutheni angagcwalisiwe futhi kungasiza ukwehlisa i-cholesterol embi:
- amafutha e-olive;
- ukwatapheya
- ama-walnuts;
- izinhlanzi ezinamafutha;
- amantongomane
- imbewu.
Ukuzivocavoca umzimba nokwenza eminye imisebenzi yokuvivinya umzimba kunganciphisa umfutho wegazi futhi kwehlise isisindo somzimba, okuthinta kahle isimo senhliziyo nesimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi.
Ukubhema kungenye yezici eziyingozi ezinkulu ekwakhiweni kwe-atherosclerosis, futhi futhi kwandisa umfutho wegazi. Ababhemayo, lapho kubakhona izimfanelo zokuqalwa kanye nokukhula kwe-atherosclerosis, kufanele bawuyeke ngokuphelele lo mkhuba.
Kungcono ukuhambisana nazo zonke lezi zincomo ngokuhlanganiswa. Kulokhu, umphumela wabo uzokuba ngaphezulu zombili ekuvinjelweni kokuqala kwesifo, nasenqubeni yokwelashwa kwaso.
Izinkinga ezingaba khona ekwakhiweni kwe-pathology
I-atherossteosis ingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu nezingathi sina. Kungaba nomthelela ekwakhiweni kwenani elikhulu lokuphazamiseka kwegazi okuhlukahlukene, okuholele ekusebenzeni kahle kwezitho zomzimba.
Kulesi sifo senhliziyo, kukhona ukwephulwa kokuhlinzekwa kwamaseli we-myocardial nge-oksijini nezakhi zomzimba, okudala i-pathologies emsebenzini wesitho.
Ngokwakheka kwezigcawu ze-atherosclerotic odongeni lwe-carotid artery, kunokuwohloka ekuhlinzekweni kwegazi kuya ebuchosheni futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukungasebenzi kahle kohlelo lwezinzwa.
Ukuphazamiseka kwesekethe kungabangela ukwenzeka kwe:
- Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo. Inhliziyo ayikwazi ukupompela igazi elanele ukusebenza kahle kwazo zonke izitho zangaphakathi.
- Ukuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo. Lesi yisimo lapho ukuvinjwa kwegazi kuvinjelwe khona, lesi simo somzimba siyingozi kakhulu empilweni yomuntu.
- Ukwehluleka kwangempela Kulokhu, izinso zinciphisa umsebenzi wazo noma ziyeke ngokuphelele ukusebenza.
- Ukwakheka kwe-aneurysm. Le yi-pathology enzima ebonakala ngokuphuma odongeni lomkhumbi ngokuqhuma okwenzeka kamuva. Isifo esinjalo siyimbangela ejwayelekile yokufa. I-Aneurysm iyimbangela yokopha kwangaphakathi.
- Isifo sokuwa. Lesi yisimo esiyingozi esibonakaliswa ukungapheleli noma ukunqanyulwa okuphelele kokuhlinzekelwa kwegazi kwezinye izingxenye zobuchopho, okuholela ekubulalekeni kwe-oksijini kwamangqamuzana izicubu zemizwa - i-hypoxia, ngokufa kwabo okuqhubekayo.
- I-Arrhythmias. I-atherossteosis ingaholela ekwenzakalweni okungajwayelekile kusigqi senhliziyo, okuwuthinta kabi umsebenzi womzimba wonke.
Zonke lezi zinkinga zingavela ngokuxaka, noma ngokuhlukile komunye nomunye.
I-Multiple sclerosis kanye ne-atherossteosis ichazwe kule vidiyo kule ndatshana.
