Zonke i-cholesterol, ezihamba emgudwini wegazi lomuntu, zihlangana namaprotheni, zakha izakhiwo ze-lipoprotein. Ngokuya ngobuningi bazo, zihlukaniswe izingxenyana ezimbalwa. Ama-lipoprotein alowo nalowo wawo athinta umzimba ngendlela ethile.
Ama-lipoprotein we-density high - abamba iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwezingqimba zamaseli futhi aqinisekise ikhono lazo lokukhetha ukungena, ukungenisa amavithamini, ukuhlanganisa ama-hormone nokukhiqiza i-bile. Ngenxa yokusebenza kwawo, ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi kuyanda, inani lama-cholesterol plaque ezindongeni zawo liyancipha kakhulu.
Ama-lipoproteins we-density low, okuhambisana nokuqukethwe okwandayo kuholela ekwakhekeni kwezingqimba ze-cholesterol.
Ama-lipoprotein aphansi kakhulu. Ziyinkomba ebonakala kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwezinguquko emzimbeni. Ngokwanda kwenani labo ku-plasma, kuphephile ukusho ukuthi i-atherosclerosis iyavela.
I-lipoproteins yobuningi obuphakathi okuvela ekuguqukeni kwama-lipoprotein aphansi kakhulu kuya kuma-lipoprotein aphansi. Babangela ukubukeka kanye nentuthuko yezifo zezitho zohlelo lwethambo nenhliziyo.
Ukuhlaziya inani le-cholesterol ku-plasma, kunezinkomba eziningi. Okusemqoka yile: ukucwaninga kwezinga lobungozi be-atherosclerosis nesifo senhliziyo esibuhlungu; ukuba khona kwe-endocrine system pathologies esigulini; zonke izinhlobo zezifo zezinso; i-pathology yokusebenza kanye nesifo sesibindi; izifundo ze-dyslipidemia; ukuqaphela ukusebenza kwezokwelapha ngama-statins nezinye izidakamizwa zezokwelapha.
Namuhla kwezokwelapha, izinkambiso ze-cholesterol zinqunywa, ezibonisa ubukhona noma ukungabikho kwe-pathologies ehlukahlukene. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi inqubo ethile ye-cholesterol ku-plasma yegazi ayihlali isezingeni elifanayo. Ngobudala, izincazelo zalo ziyaguquka.
Ngakho-ke, kubantu asebekhulile, le nkomba izohlala iphakeme kunasebantwaneni nasebasha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukuthi unake ubukhona bokwehlukahluka okuhlobene nobulili.
Olunye uvivinyo oluvame kakhulu ukuthola ukuphazamiseka kwe-lipid metabolic esigulini ukuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile nokwe-biochemical. Ngokuziphatha kwabo, kuyadingeka ukunikela ngegazi emthanjeni. Lokhu kwenziwa ngesisu esingenalutho ekuseni.
Ngaphambi kokwenza isifundo esinjalo, akunconywa ukuthi udle ukudla okuthosiwe nokunamafutha amahora angama-12 ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kwegazi kwelebhu cholesterol, ungasebenzisa isivivinyo esisheshayo, esenziwa ekhaya. Ukusetshenziswa kokuxilonga okucacisiwe kunconywa kulabo abathatha umuthi okwehlisa i-cholesterol ukuqapha ukusebenza kwezokwelapha.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi iziguli ezitholakale zinesifo senhliziyo ziqaphele i-cholesterol yazo ngokuzimele. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengama-60.
Ukuzilawula okunjalo kuzosiza ukufuna usizo lochwepheshe ngesikhathi esifanele futhi unikeze indlela ekhethekile yokudla nemithi.
Ukwenza lolu hlobo lokuxilonga, udinga ukuthenga isivivinyo esikhethekile sesikhathi esisodwa noma ihlaziya ye-elekhtronikhi ene-elekhyronikhi ene-strip yesikhathi esisodwa ekhemisi.
Isimo esibalulekile sohlolo lwekhwalithi ephezulu ekhaya ukulandela imithetho yokulungiselela kwasekuqaleni:
- Ukudla kokugcina akufanele kwenziwe kungakapheli amahora ayi-12-16 ngaphambi kokufunda. Ezimweni zesikhathi eside sokubulawa yindlala, umzimba wesiguli ungaba buthaka kakhulu, okuzoholela ekubonakaleni kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa okungalungile;
- Kuyalulekwa ukuthi ungabuphuzi utshwala ngosuku olungaphambi kwenqubo, futhi kuyanconywa nokuthi uyeke ukubhema amahora angu-1.5-2;
- Ngaphambi kokunikela ngegazi, kungcono ukuthi uzilinganisele nengilazi yamanzi ahlanziwe;
- Uma usebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zemithi, lokhu kufanele kubhekwe, ngoba kuvame ukuthinta imiphumela yokuhlolwa.
- Izinga le-cholesterol kwabesifazane abasebasha besikhathi sokuzala ayixhomekeli kumjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, ngakho-ke awukwazi ukwenqaba isifundo noma ngokuya esikhathini.
Enye yezinzuzo ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuhlolwa kwe-cholesterol okusheshayo ukungabikho kwesidingo sokuvakashela elabhoratri, kanye nokuthola imiphumela yokuhlaziya ngokushesha. Kungenzeka ukuthola isiphetho mayelana nokuqagelwa cishe kwe-cholesterol emizuzwini embalwa emva kovavanyo. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwelebhu, isiguli singathola kuphela emva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa.
I-algorithm yokusebenzisa i-electrochemical glucometer ekuhlolweni okusheshayo kuyafana nokuthola amazinga kashukela egazi:
- Ithonsi legazi lomuntu libekwa emucu okhethekile wokuhlola obekwe endaweni leyo nto;
- Ngemuva kwemizuzu embalwa, ungalinganisa umphumela ovela kwisibonisi.
Ukwehliswa kwemiphumela yokuhlaziywa kuvame ukwenziwa ngudokotela, noma kunjalo, ukuze kube lula kakhulu, iziguli zingagxila kwizinkomba ezamukelwa ngokuvamile.
Inkomba ye-cholesterol ephelele ye-plasma kumuntu ophilile isuka ku-3.1 iye ku-5 mmol ilitha ngalinye. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, ukukhuphuka kwayo kuye ku-12-15 mmol ilitha linye kuthathwa njengokujwayelekile. Izinkomba ezinjalo azidingi izindlela zokulungisa, ukudla okhethekile okhuthaza ukususwa kwama-plagi atherosclerotic.
Inani le-5.1 - 6.1 mmol ngelitha ngalinye legazi libhekwa njengokuphakama ngokulinganayo. Ngalezi zinkomba, kunconywa ukuthi ushintshe indlela odla ngayo, wandise umzimba, ulungise indlela yokuphila futhi uyeke imikhuba emibi.
Kwezinye izimo, inani le-cholesterol ephelele kusuka ku-6.1 kuya ku-6.9 nayo ingabhekwa nge-cholesterol ephakeme ngokulinganayo noma ephezulu. Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa okunciphisa, kulokhu, akunqunyelwe.
Inkomba ye-cholesterol engenhla kuka-6.9 mmol ilitha ngalinye kufanele icatshangelwe njengengathinta kabi impilo yabantu. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukwelashwa kuyadingeka ukuqala ngokushesha, kufaka phakathi nemithi.
Amazinga we-HDL yanoma iyiphi i-cholesterol ephelele akufanele abe ngaphansi kuka-1 mmol ngelitha. Ngasikhathi sinye, kwabesifazane, okujwayelekile kuwuphawu oluphansi kuka-1.42, kwabesilisa - 1.68.
Imvamisa ye-LDL kwabesifazane isukela ku-1.9 kuye ku-4,5 mmol ilitha ngalinye, futhi neyabesilisa isuka ku-2.2 iye ku-4.8.
Lezi zinhlobo zamasistimu wokuhlola namadivaysi kuyizindlela ezingezona ezihlaselayo zokutadisha i-cholesterol yegazi. Lawa ngamadivayisi omonakalo ophansi nemichilo yokuhlola. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwalezo zindlela zokuxilonga akulona iqiniso kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amathuluzi wokuhlaziywa okucacile anentengo ephezulu kakhulu.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-cholesterol kuchazwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
