Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus, ngenxa yokwanda kwaso nokwanda njalo kwezehlakalo zezifo, sidinga ukuguqulelwa kweziguli empilweni entsha.
Ukudla okungenamsoco nemikhawulo eminingi, isidingo sokusetshenziswa njalo kwemithi ukulungisa amazinga kashukela, kubhebhethekisa isimo sezengqondo zeziguli.
Kulokhu, iqoqo lezindlela zokuvuselela liboniswa kwabanesifo sikashukela ukuze kulondolozwe umthamo osebenzayo futhi kugcinwe impilo ephezulu kulesi sifo.
Izinhlobo zokuvuselela ushukela
Ukuvuselelwa kwezokwelapha kwenziwa ngokukhetha ukwelashwa okufisayo - umthamo wezidakamizwa ze-insulin noma wethebhulethi ezikhungweni zezokwelapha ngongoti abaqeqeshiwe - ama-endocrinologists.
Izindlela zokuvuselela zibandakanya ukucwaninga okwenziwa yiziguli izimiso eziyisisekelo zokugcina izinga le-glucose egazini, izindlela zokujova kwe-insulin, imithetho yokusebenzisa ama-glucometer noma imichilo yokuhlola ebonakalayo, imvamisa yokuhlolwa kwegazi kwezinkomba eziphambili ze-carbohydrate metabolism, kanye nezimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwesifo sikashukela.
Isiqondisi sesibili sokuvuselelwa kwezokwelapha kweziguli ezinesifo sikashukela ukulungiswa kokudla okuselapha, okuhambelana nobudala, kanye nezinga lomuntu ngamunye lokusebenza komzimba. Ukudla okunempilo kufaka ukungafakwa ngokuphelele kwe-sucrose nefulawa emhlophe, nakho konke ukudla okunenkomba ye-glycemic ephezulu,
Isiguli kufanele sazi indlela yokubala okuqukethwe kwe-carbohydrate emikhiqizweni, futhi futhi sibe nemithetho yokufakwa okufanele kwezinye izinhlobo zezithako zokudla nabanye. Izethulo ezikhethekile zohlobo lwamafayili e-ppt eyethulwe kwi-Intanethi, kanye namapheshana akhishwe abasebenza nge-endocrinologists, angasiza abasebenza ngesifo sikashukela kulokhu.
Izici zokudla kwesifo sikashukela zimi ngokulandelayo:
- Ukudla okunezithelo.
- Izingxenye ezincane.
- Ukudla iCaloric: ibhulakufesi 20%, kwasemini 30%, isidlo sakusihlwa 20%, ukudla okulula, amathathu% ngamunye.
- Isimo sokuphila sephrotheyini.
- Yehla emafutheni ezilwane, cholesterol nakuma-sodium chloride.
- Ukufakwa kwemikhiqizo ye-lipotropic: i-tofu, i-cottage shizi, i-oatmeal, inyama enamafutha.
- Okuqukethwe okwanele kwemifino, amajikijolo, lapho kufakwa izithelo nokufakwa esikhundleni sikashukela, kubhekelwa esimweni esivamile sama-carbohydrate.
Ukuvuselelwa kabusha kwasekhaya nasezimboni sikashukela kubandakanya ukuthola amakhono akhethekile avumela iziguli, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa usizo lwangaphandle, ukuhola indlela yokuphila esebenzayo ehambelana nesimo sabo.
Ukuvuselelwa ngokomzimba kwesifo sikashukela
Imisebenzi eyinhloko yokubuyisela iziguli ngokusebenzisa umsebenzi womzimba owenziwe isikhathi eside ukugcina isisindo somzimba esijwayelekile, futhi ngohlobo 2 sikashukela, ukunciphisa ukweqisa kwalo, kanye nokwenza ngcono ukumuncwa kwe-glucose kwezicubu zemisipha.
Ngokusetshenziswa okuyikho kokuzivocavoca ngokomzimba, kungenzeka ukuthi kuvikeleke izinkinga zesifo sikashukela, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kohlelo lokuphefumula, inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, kwenze isimo sibe namandla ngokwengqondo nangokomzwelo, senze ukwelashwa kokuvuselela ukuphazamiseka kwemicrocirculation futhi sikhulise ukuzwela kwezicubu ukungena kwe-insulin.
Ukuqina kwemisipha, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuvivinya umzimba okudingida i-stamina, kwehlisa izinga loshukela, ama-catecholamines, ama-triglycerides egazini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umfutho wegazi uyancipha futhi ukuphuma kwegazi ngemithambo yegazi emincane kuyanda, okunyusa izinqubo ze-metabolic kanye nokudla kwezitho, futhi ingozi yokwehla kwamathambo iyancipha.
Uma uhlelo lwezinyathelo zokuvuselela umzimba lungakhiwa kahle, noma isiguli sandisa imithwalo enconyiwe, lokhu kungadala izinkinga ezifana:
- I-Hypoglycemia
- Ukwanda ushukela.
- Nge-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela, ingozi yokwanda kwe-retinal hemorrhage iyanda.
- Ngobuchopho be-neuropathy, kwakheka iziphambeko zolcerative.
- Ingozi yezinkinga ezinkulu zegazi noma i-myocardial ischemia iyanda.
Ukuvuselelwa kwesinye isikhathi kuvame ukuqala ngemuva kokususa isiguli ku-coma. Ezigulini ezinjalo, phakathi nesonto lokuqala, ubuthakathaka obukhulukazi buzibonakalisa, ngakho-ke izivivinyo ezilula kakhulu zisetshenziswa ngendlela yokuphindaphinda kwe-3-5 yamaqembu wemisipha eyinhloko ehlangana nokuphefumula. Isicubu somlenze noma sekhola singabekwa.
Ukuthi inkimbinkimbi elula enjalo iguqula isimo sohlelo lwezinzwa, inhliziyo, umfutho wegazi. Ngemuva kwayo, kunconywa ukuqeqeshwa kwe-autogenic imizuzu eyi-10.
Ngokuzayo, iziguli zingabelwa uhlelo olungasindi lokuhamba noma ukuzivocavoca kumabhayisekili okuzivocavoca. Imithwalo enjalo yenziwa inyanga yonke.
Iqoqo main lokuqeqeshwa sikashukela
Isimo esikhulu sokuvuselelwa kweziguli ezinesifo sikashukela ukujwayelwa kwamakilasi. Uma uthatha ikhefu isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezi-2, lokhu kunciphisa ukuzwela kwezicubu zemisipha ku-insulin, okwatholakala ngokusebenza kwangaphambilini.
Isikhathi sesifundo kufanele okungenani sibe yisigamu sehora. Kulokhu, ukufudumala-up cishe imizuzu eyi-10, kanti ingxenye yokugcina iyimizuzu eyi-7. Amakilasi kufanele kube izikhathi ezi-4 ngesonto ngesigqi esifanelekile somuntu ngamunye.
Ukudalwa okuyinhloko kunconyelwa ushukela onobunzima obukhulu noma obulinganiselayo, kungaba nezimpawu zokuqala ze-angiopathy, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo senhliziyo, ukukhuluphala, i-arthropathy ngaphandle komkhawulo obukhali wokunyakaza emalungeni.
Ukuqeqeshwa kuphambene nemikhakha enjalo yeziguli:
- Isifo sikashukela esibucayi kanye nokukhula komqondo.
- Ama-angiopathies ane-trophic ukuphazamiseka.
- Isifo sikashukela.
- Umbono ophansi we-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela.
- I-Arterial hypertension noma isifo senhliziyo ezigabeni ezi-3.
- I-Myocarditis, i-arrhythmia, i-aneurysms yemithambo yegazi.
- I-Tachycardia enenhliziyo eshaya ngaphezu kwe-100 ekuphumuleni, ku-fibrillation ye-atrial.
- I-Thrombophlebitis.
Futhi, uhlobo oluphambili lokuzivocavoca ngokomzimba alwenzelwa iziguli ngemuva kweminyaka engu-65 yobudala, ngokuguquguquka okukhulu kumazinga kashukela egazini, ngokusebenza okunganele kwe-renal, ngokunganaki okukhulu kwesiguli nokungathandi ukuzivocavoca.
Izifundo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ukuhamba ngamabhayisekili okuzivocavoca, amabhayisikili okuzivocavoca, ukugijima okulula, nomdanso. Akunconyiwe: ukubambana, ukukhuphuka, ukuphakamisa ibha.
Ukuvuselelwa ngokomzimba kwesifo sikashukela akufanele kubangele ukwanda koshukela wegazi, akwenziwa uma ukugxila kwe-glucose kungaphezulu kwe-11 mmol / l, kanye nalapho kuvela ama-ketones emchini. Uma kungekho ama-ketones, ukuqeqeshwa kungenzeka, kepha umphumela wazo ungashintsha izinkomba ze-glucose phezulu naphansi.
Ukuvimbela i-hypoglycemia, kuyadingeka ukukala amazinga kashukela ngaphambi nangemva kokuvivinya umzimba, kanye namahora ama-2 ngemuva kokuzivocavoca. Qiniseka ukuthi uphuza neziphuzo nawe ngendlela yamajusi ezithelo noma iziphuzo ezinekhabhoni ukuze ukhulise ngokushesha i-glycemia.
Ukuze udwebe kahle uhlelo lokuvuselelwa komzimba, ukuhlolwa okugcwele kokuqala kwenziwa ngokuchazwa kwezinkomba eziphambili zesinxephezelo sesifo sikashukela, kanye nezinga lokuqina, ukuba khona kwe-concomitant pathology, ECG ekuphumuleni nangemva kokuzivocavoca.
Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela i-mellitus ngaphambi kokuqala ukuvuselelwa nokusetshenziswa komzimba okwenziwe dosed ziyelulekwa udokotela oyi-neurologist, udokotela wamehlo, ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi kwi-ergometer yebhayisekili.
Umuthi unesimo esingesihle ngokweqile ekusetshenzisweni yiziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sokugeza umusi, ukugeza okushisayo noma okugeza kuhlanganiswa nomsebenzi womzimba, utshwala bunqatshelwe ngokuphelele, awukwazi ukubamba iqhaza ehlobo elangeni elivulekile.
Ukuhlanganiswa okunjalo kukhulisa ubungozi bokulimala kwemithambo nokuqina kwesibindi e-retina nasengqondweni.
Ukuvuselelwa kwezingane ezinesifo sikashukela
Ukuvuselelwa ngokomzimba kwezingane ezinesifo sikashukela kubandakanya ukukhetha kwemisebenzi ethandwa ngumntwana. Kungaba ukugijima, ibhola lezinyawo noma i-volleyball, ukugibela amahhashi, ibhayisekili, basketball, ithenisi, i-aerobics noma i-badminton.
Imidlalo yegeyimu ihlala ifiseleka ingane, lapho kungekho khona ukungqubuzana okuthile, ungakhetha noma yiluphi uhlobo lomsebenzi wokuzivocavoca, ngaphandle kokugijima komjaho, ezemidlalo yamandla, ukufaka isisindo, ukudonsela phansi kweqhwa, ukugibela iqhwa. Ama-diabetes ayanconywa ukuthi kwehle ukushushuluza noma ukugibela amatshe.
Umdlalo obonakalayo wezingane ukubhukuda, ngoba lolu hlobo lomthwalo ezinganeni lungakhuphuka noma lunciphise ngokuqinile amazinga kashukela, okudinga ukuthi lunconywe ngokunakekelwa okukhulu ezinganeni ezine-glycemia engazinzi.
Ukusebenza ngokomzimba kushukela sikashukela izingane kunqunywa ngokwemithetho elandelayo:
- Ngezinsuku ezingenamakilasi, ngamahora afanayo lapho kuqhutshwa khona uqeqesho, kufanele kube nokuzivocavoca okuphezulu komzimba.
- Imvamisa yamakilasi ngeviki izikhathi 4-5.
- Ngaphambi kweklasi, udinga ukudla amahora angama-1.5-.
- Amakilasi okuqala kufanele abe imizuzu eyi-10-15, alethe imizuzu engama-40 nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Kokuhluka kwesibili kwalesi sifo, isikhathi singandiswa sibe yihora eli-1.
- Ngaphambi komthwalo, udinga ukukala ushukela - uma kusuka ngaphansi kwama-5.5 mmol / l, futhi futhi uma kuvela i-acetone emchameni, awukwazi ukukwenza.
Ingane idinga ukuba nejusi, isangweji, uswidi, kanye nokunikezwa kwamanzi kuye. Ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca, udinga ukuqapha inhlalakahle yakho ngokucophelela, nangemva kwamakilasi okungenani imizuzu eyi-10-15 ukuze uphumule.
Ukuzivocavoca kanye nokuzivocavoca kwesifo sikashukela
Esikhathini sikashukela i-mellitus enezilonda zemithambo yegazi, amalunga, kanye nokukhuluphala kanye ne-polyneuropathy, kunqunywa imithambo yokwelapha. Kuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwegazi ne-lymph, kuvimbela izinhlungu nokukhathala lapho uhamba, kusheshisa ukululama kwezicubu ezithambile, kukhuphula ububanzi bokuhamba kwamalunga.
Contraindication for massage yizinkinga ezinzima zesifo sikashukela, izilonda zesikhumba ezindexuxu, ukukhuphula i-arthropathy, kanye nezifo ezihlobene nezinye.
Kwezifo zamaphethelo aphansi ngendlela ye-polyneuropathy, ukuhlukaniswa kwengxenye kwenziwa esifundeni se-lumbosacral. Ukuzivocavoca ngezinyawo kungenziwa kuphela ezigabeni zokuqala. Ngokukhuluphala, kunconywa i-massage ejwayelekile. Ngezilonda zezandla, indawo yekhola iyalungiswa. Ngokuphazamiseka okubalulekile kokujikeleza kwegazi, i-acupressure iyasetshenziswa.
Ukwelashwa komzimba kweziguli ezinesifo sikashukela kwenziwa ngalezi zinhloso ezilandelayo:
- Ukugqugquzelwa kokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin nokuvinjwa kokukhululwa kwamahomoni aphikisayo.
- Ukuvimbela ukumelana ne-insulin.
- Ukuqiniswa kwenkambo yesifo sikashukela.
- Ukugcina i-carbohydrate ne-lipid metabolised
- Ukuvimbela Izinkinga Zesifo Sikashukela
Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa imijikelezo eyenziwe nge-sinusoidally moderate endaweni yamandla we-pancreas, i-drug electrophoresis ye-nicotinic acid endaweni yokunikezwa kwegazi okuncishisiwe ngesikhathi se-polyneuropathy, kusetshenziswa i-alternating magnetic field, i-laser therapy, i-UHF ne-ultrasound.
I-phonophoresis kanye darsonvalization nazo ziyaqhutshwa. Ukwelashwa kwe-vascular pathology of the brain, i-electros sleep ingabekwa, kanye ne-galvanization noma i-electrophoresis ye-magnesium endaweni yekhola.
Ukwelashwa nge-balneological kwenziwa ngendlela yokugeza isikhutha, i-sulfide kanye nokugeza kweparele lokushisa okuyi-36 degrees 12 - 15 imizuzu. Ukwelapha izilonda ezinqenqemeni, kunqunyelwe amabheshu omlenze we-whirlpool. Uma kungekho ukwephulwa kokuzwela kokushisa, ukusetshenziswa kwendawo kweparafini noma i-ozokerite kumajoyinti noma ezinyaweni, izandla zingasetshenziswa.
Njengoba zonke lezi zinqubo zinengcindezi, khona-ke emva kwazo kuphumule okungenani ihora elingu-1.
Ukwelashwa ngokuzivocavoca umzimba kuphambene nobukhona besifo esibuthakathaka kakhulu, ukwanda kwezifo ezibangelwa yizitho zangaphakathi, ukubola kokujikeleza kwegazi, ukwehluleka kwezinso, ubungozi be-hypoglycemic noma isifo sikashukela, kanye ne-hypertension ye-arterial yesigaba sesithathu. Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko ikhuluma ngesifo sikashukela, kanye nezindlela zokwelashwa nezokuvuselela umzimba.
