I-Atherossteosis ingumholi emonakalweni wohlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi. Ijubane lokusabalala liyamangalisa, futhi lesi sifo uqobo lwaso seluthathe indawo yokuqala phakathi kwezici zokufa zokugula ezivela kuzinhliziyo ezithinta inhliziyo.
Impilo yokuhlala phansi, ukuntuleka kokuzivocavoca umzimba, ukubhujiswa kwemithambo yegazi, ukudla okuphezulu kwekhalori kanye ne-carbohydrate yizimbangela eziphambili ze-plaque. Ungasinqanda kanjani lesi simo, ungasiphatha kanjani futhi uhlale naso isikhathi eside?
Kuyini futhi kungani kuvela?
I-Atherossteosis yisifo esibonakaliso saso esiyisisekelo sokudonswa kwe-fat-protein detritus emisipha kanye no-membrane wokuqina wemikhumbi emikhulu naphakathi.
Imiphumela yalokhu kuqongelela kuzoba ukwehla kokubili kwe-membrane ye-artery kanye nokuqina komzimba, kanye nokuncipha kokhanyiso ngokuwohloka okulandelayo kokugeleza kwegazi ne-izicubu hypoxia.
Kunemibono emibili yesimanje ye-trigger mechanism yezinguquko ze-atherosulinotic, okuthi, naphezu komlando weminyaka eyikhulu wokufunda, ongakafundwa.
Enye yazo ikhombisa ukulimala okuyinhloko kumlando ngebhaktheriya, amakhemikhali omzimba ngokuguqulwa kwalo okulandelayo kube yinqwaba ye-lipid.
Okwesibili kusho ukuba khona kwama-receptors abucayi kumaseli endothelial, futhi uma umuntu enezakhi zofuzo eziningi, khona-ke amathuba okugula ayanda.
Ngokusekelwe kule mininingwane, kwakhiwa izici zobungozi - izici zabantu abaphila ngokwezibalo ezingase zikhuphule amathuba wokugula.
Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- Ukubekwa phambili kokudla okunamafutha namanani amakhulu ama-carbohydrate ekudleni. Lezi zinto ziyadingeka ukuze umzimba usebenze kahle, kepha uma zidliwe ngokweqile, izinhlanganisela azinaso isikhathi sokuguqula amandla ne-metabolites, ziqongelele futhi ziwele echibini elijikeleza ngokukhululekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isisindo se-lipids engenayo sincintisana ngokuncintisana nezinqubo zabo ze-oxidative, okuholela ekungeneleleni okukhulu kakhulu.
- Iminyaka nobulili. Ngokusho kwezifundo, amadoda amadala kuneminyaka engamashumi amane athinteka kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kwabesifazane ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini, kukhiqizwa i-estrogen ye-hormone, enezinto ezilwa ne-sclerosing. Ubudala buthinta nomsebenzi wezindawo zokulondolozwa kwe-antioxidant kanye nokuguquguquka okuphelele kwesikebhe, ngoba umuntu uma esemdala, imicu ye-collagen engaphansi anayo.
- Isifo sikashukela mellitus. Njengokwephulwa okubanzi kwe-carbohydrate metabolism, isifo sikashukela ngeke sithinte umzimba wamafutha, "asha" elangabini lama-saccharides. I-boiler ye-metabolic iyachichima ngenxa yokwehla kwezinga lokuvela kwakho konke ukusabela okubalulekile okuhambisana nomjikelezo wamandla. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinto eziningi ezingenziwa kahle kanye nemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphakathi zifaka i-plasma. Phakathi kwazo kukhona amafutha we-trans ne-cholesterol embi.
- Umzimba obuthakathaka kanye nengcindezi. Indlela yokuphila yokuhlala phansi, ehambisana nokuxineka ngokomzwelo nsuku zonke, ayinakubonwa yinhliziyo. I-innervation evela esikhungweni se-vasomotor iyaphazamiseka, amandla ezinkontileka ze-myocardial buthaka kanye ne-atrophies yemisipha. Ngemuva kokuthi isendlalelo sesiyekelele, akudingekile ukulinda ukuphuma kwesikhathi isikhathi eside.
Ekuqaleni, ushintsho ohlelweni lwenhliziyo alubonwa macroscopically, ngaphandle kwesibonakhulu. Kepha ngokuhlaziywa komlando, ukudumba kwe-endothelium, ukwanda kokuqina kwezimpawu zazo, kuyavezwa. Ngemuva kwalokho amafutha ne-cholesterol, ngenxa yokungalingani kwe-lipoprotein ephezulu nephansi, agijimele esitokisini bese egcwalisa, eqhuma.
Manje yisakhiwo esinamafutha esinamakha esingakwazi ukuphendula ngokwanele emiyalweni evela phezulu. Lapho indawo ethile igcwele i-cholesterol infiltrate, ibala eliphuzi noma amafomu strip - isigaba se-lipid sesiqalile.
Kusukela kulo mzuzu, odokotela bakhuluma ngokwakhiwa kwe-atherosselotic embolus.
Iziphi izinhlobo zamathegi akhona?
Manje ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo ye-pathological kungahamba ngokuhlukile. Amafutha, ukuqongelela, akha ukwakheka kwesakhiwo se-seal bese kuvimba inkambo.
Imvamisa, i-fibrin nama-platelet ziqongelela ukugxila kwalesi sifo, okunciphisa ikhono le-tube organic ukuhambisa okuqukethwe kwalo.
I-soft atherossteotic plaque. Iyakwazi ukubhekana nezinkinga ezi-atheromatous - ukwahlukanisa noma ulceration.
Inketho yesibili yokukhulisa ukubalwa, okungukuthi, lapho ukwakheka okuthambile kwangaphakathi kweqembu kugcwele usawoti we-calcium.
I-calcined atherosclerotic plaque ilahlekelwa yikhono lonke lokuthola inkontileka, iba buthaka futhi ingaqhuma.
Udonga oluvuvukala cishe luvimbe ngokuphelele indlela yokuhamba kwegazi.
I-plaque inzima futhi inkulu, kunzima ukuyiphatha. Izinhlobo ezinjalo zama-atherosselotic plaque ku-ultrasound zitholakala kalula.
Ngokuqina, ukumelana nezinyembezi:
- Ukuqina okuphansi. Lolu hlobo lukhombisa ukungafani kwesakhiwo salo ngokufana nendawo ezungezile, ngakho-ke alikwazi ukwahlukaniswa kahle yi-ultrasound, eyenza izingqinamba zokuxilonga zisetshenziswe. Ukuba negobolondo elincanyana kanye ne-homogeneous, okuqukethwe kwe-semi-fluid, i-bubble iyakwazi ukuqhuma nganoma yikuphi ukwanda kwe-velocity flow yegazi, okuzoholela ekuholeni kwesibindi, e-aorta - kuya kune-aneurysm yesibili kanye ne-terminal.
- Ukuqina okumaphakathi. Ukufakwa amandla ngobukhulu bokugxila akukenzeki, kepha kucebile nge-fibrin futhi kugcwele amaplatelet. Yilolu hlobo olungadala i-pulmonary thromboembolism, i-gangrene yesisu ngokuqhuma kwe-arteriamesenteric, nezinye izinkinga eziyingozi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokwakheka kwawo okuzinzile, ubolekelela ekwelapheni futhi umane utholakale.
- Ukuqina okuphezulu. Ingxenye eyinhloko yalokhu kwakhiwa i-collagen iqine ngenxa ye-Ca2 + amakristalu. Ngeqiniso akasabeli ngejubane lokugeleza kwegazi, alisebenzi. Ihlelwe ngokungaxhamazeli, ngaphandle kokuthi ihlala engxenyeni enkulu yomkhumbi, okwenza kube nzima ukwenza ukuhlolwa okwanele kobukhulu bayo nge-ultrasound.
Izinhlobo ezimbili zokwakheka zihlukaniswa ngesakhiwo. I-plaque enesimo esihle (homogeneous). Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukwakheka akuyona into eyingqayizivele, ayiqukethe i-inclusions futhi ayifakwanga ngama-capillaries, ayithathwa udonga. Imvamisa lezi zincane, ngisho nokwakheka okulula ukwelapha ngokuxilongwa okufanele.
Ukhozi olungenamkhawulo (olunamandla amakhulu). I-heterogenible atherosclerotic plaque yiyona eholela ezinkingeni kule pathology.
Kunzima ukuyisusa, ihlala iguqula izilonda nokuvuvukala, futhi ikhula ngokushesha ngenxa ye-trophism enhle yama-capillaries aqhume ngayo.
Izimpawu nemiphumela yokuthuthukiswa kwe-pathology
Okokuqala, isiguli kufanele silalele impilo yaso, imizwa yokuqonda, futhi ngenxa yale mininingwane, thintana nochwepheshe ukuxazulula inkinga yakhe.
Kufundwe izibonakaliso eziningi eziphambili ze-atherosclerosis, futhi ngamunye wabo unezimpawu zakhe, uhlu lwezidakamizwa ze-chemacopeia luyahluka.
Ukuqalwa kwendawo ngqo kwemfundo kungabonakala kuphela ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwe-Ultra.
Uma ukwakheka kwe-calcified kutholakala endaweni ye-aorta, khona-ke amandla ayo okuncipha ancipha kakhulu, futhi umfutho wegazi ukhuphuka, ikakhulukazi diastolic. Iziguli ezinje zikhononda ngobuhlungu bekhanda, i-tinnitus, "izimpukane" phambi kwamehlo, ukufushane komoya njengokubonisa kokwehluleka kwenhliziyo. Umphumela ongahle ube ukuguquguquka kwegazi kwezibalo ezingezansi, ukulimala kwezitho zokushaqeka kanye nezinso.
Uhlobo lwe-cerebral lokuthuthukiswa kokuhlakazwa kokuhlanzeka kwemikhumbi echibini le-carotid kanye ne-vertebral artery, ngenkathi ikhulisa ingcindezi ye-intracranial, isiguli siyagula, inkumbulo iyaphazamiseka, ukulala, ukuhlangana. Umphumela oyingozi ukuhlaselwa yi-ischemic. Futhi, usawoti we-calcium ungathukuthelisa i-carotid sinus engena ngaphakathi kwama-receptors, okuzoholela kumfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nokuntengantenga kwemizwa eminingi engenacala.
Ukuthuthuka kwe-pathology enhliziyweni kuzwakala umuntu njengokushiswa kobuhlungu obukhipha imisebe ngemisebe engalweni yangakwesobunxele, emhlolweni wehlombe nasemhlathini. Ukubonakaliswa okunjalo kuyisimo sokunqotshwa, ukuhlukaniswa kwemithambo ye-coronary yangakwesokunxele nesobunxele ekondla inhliziyo, kanye ne-stenosis yama-valves ossified.
Uma lesi simo siphathwa kuphela njengophawu, ukufakwa kwe-myocardial kungenzeka, okuholela ekubambeni okukhulu emsebenzini wezingxenye zesifo senhliziyo ezihlolwe ngemuva kwe-necrosis.
Ukwelashwa nokuvimbela i-pathology
Noma yikuphi ukwelashwa kwe-atherosulinosis yemikhumbi kuqala ngokuxilongwa okunekhono. Endabeni yesifo esithile, kugcizelelwa i-Ultra, i-dopplerography, mhlawumbe i-MRI ne-angiography. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-urochemical of umchamo negazi kuyenziwa kuphrofayili ye-LDL ne-HDL. Lapho indawo ngqo yenkinga isisunguliwe, ingathathwa njengomphumela wezokwelapha.
Izinga legolide ekwelapheni i-atherossteosis ngama-statins - izidakamizwa ezithi, ezigabeni ezahlukahlukene, zibambezele ukuhamba kwe-cholesterol engaphandle, liziqhekeze, futhi zisheshise ukumbumbuluzwa. Phakathi kwabo, Simvastatin, Atorvastatin, Lovastatin, Pravastatin nabanye.
Ngokuhambisana nazo, izidakamizwa zinqunyelwe ukuthi zivimbele ukumuncwa kwe-cholesterol ngenxa yezindawo zayo zokufaka - Cholestyramine, Enterosgel, Colestipol. Ukunciphisa i-vascular tube obliution, kuvuswa amavithamini (C, rutin, A, E), antioxidants, kanye ne-angioprotectors. Ezigabeni zakamuva, kususwa ukuhlinzwa kwe-fibrosis yendawo ethile, ukuqaliswa kwebhaluni ekhethekile yokwandisa i-lumen.
Izindlela zokuthibela zifaka ukudla okuqinile, umsebenzi wokuzivocavoca ngokwamandla abo onke, ukusetshenziswa kwe-herbal decoctions ye rose rose, ukulahla imikhuba emibi, ukusetshenziswa kwenqwaba yamakhambi, imifino.
Ukuthi ifomu le-cholesterol lichazwe kanjani kule vidiyo kule ndatshana.
