Ngomfutho wegazi, kuyisiko ukuqonda ingcindezi igazi elisebenza ngayo ezindongeni zangaphakathi zemithambo yegazi. Izinkomba zokucindezela zingabonakala ngamanani amabili.
Owokuqala amandla okucindezela ngesikhathi sokuqothuka okukhulu kwemisipha yenhliziyo. Lona umfutho wegazi ophezulu, noma we-systolic. Okwesibili kungamandla okucindezela ngokuqabuleka okukhulu kwenhliziyo. Lokhu ingcindezi ephansi, noma ye-diastolic.
Namuhla, indlela ejwayelekile yengcindezi yegazi iyimbumbulu, njengoba izinkomba zayo zincike eminyakeni yobudala, ubulili, umsebenzi kanye nezimpawu zomuntu ngamunye. Kukholelwa ukuthi ingcindezi ejwayelekile isukela ku-100 / 60-120 / 80 mm Hg.
Noma yikuphi ukuphambuka kulezi zinkomba, uma ukubonakaliswa kwazo kubonakala njalo, kufanele kumqwashise lowo muntu futhi kube yisikhathi sokubonana nodokotela.
Ingcindezi yegazi engu-130 kuye kwangama-90 iyinkomba esho ukuthi leyo ngcindezi yenani elincane le-mmHg siphambukile kokujwayelekile. Isizathu salokhu kweqisa ngeke kube nje ukusebenza ngokweqile kanye noxinzelelo lwezinzwa, kodwa futhi nezifo ezithile. Ngaphandle kokuthi ukucindezela kwenhliziyo okungama-90 kuyinto ejwayelekile, abanye abantu abanalesi simo esikhulu bangazizwa kabi kakhulu: banekhanda, isicanucanu nesiyezi, ukulahlekelwa amandla, ubuthakathaka nokunganaki. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lapho kukhulu uketshezi lwegciwane, kuba nzima kakhulu wakhe ukuhamba ngemikhumbi.
Izici ezahlukahlukene zingathinta izinga lomfutho wegazi, phakathi kwazo okubaluleke kakhulu kuzo:
- Ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela kumuntu wanoma yiluphi uhlobo;
- I-cholesterol ephakanyisiwe kanye nokuba khona kwe-atherossteosis;
- Ukusebenza okuphezulu kwezindlala ze-endocrine;
- Ukwanda okubukhali noma ukuncipha kwemithambo yegazi ngemuva kokungezwani kwemizwa;
- Zonke izinhlobo zezinguquko ze-hormonal emzimbeni;
- Ukuthuthuka kwemizwa ekhulisiwe.
Abaningi banesithakazelo embuzweni wokuthi yini okudingeka yenziwe uma ingcindezi ingu-130 kuye ku-90, nokuthi kusho ukuthini lokhu. Izinkomba ezinjalo zikhombisa umfutho wegazi ophakeme futhi kubizwa ngokuthi yi-grade 1 hypertension, okuyindlela yokuqala nesifo esithobekile sesifo. Ngalesi sifo, ushintsho ekusebenzeni kwemisipha yenhliziyo lubonwa ngendlela yokweqa. Ukuhlaselwa ngasikhathi sinye kudlule ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Phakathi kwezizathu ezingadala ushintsho lwengcindezelo ohlangothini lokwenyuka okuncane kuyaphawulwa:
- Ukulimazeka okungenzeka ezinsweni noma kwizindlala ze-adrenal, okuhambisana nokuphulwa kokuhlunga kwegazi, ukukhishwa koketshezi kanye nemikhiqizo ye-metabolic emzimbeni. Lesi simo singabangelwa yi-pathology ye-renal artery or ukulimala kwezicubu zezitho;
- Isikhathi sokukhulelwa noma sokuya esikhathini kubantu besifazane. Lokhu kungenxa yezinguquko ezinkulu ngemuva kwesizinda se-hormonal ngalesi sikhathi;
- Ukuthuthuka kwezifo ze-gland yegilo ebangela ukuvela kwama-node ku-gland. Kulesi simo, ukwanda kwengcindezi yegazi kungasebenza njengophawu lodwa;
- I-stenosis yezingxenye ze-vertebral, ezibangela hhayi kuphela ukwanda kwengcindezi, kodwa futhi nobuhlungu esifundeni se-lumbar;
- Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-atherossteosis, kubonakaliswa ukuncipha kokuqina kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi nokwakheka kwama-cholesterol plaques kuzo. Lokhu kuholela ekwandeni kwe-fragility yemithambo yegazi. Kuvela izikhala nemifantu, okufaka isandla ekwandeni kokugeleza kwegazi.
Izimpawu ezisezingeni loku-1 le-hypertension zivame ukungazwakaliswa futhi ngemuva kwenkathi yokwanda komuntu uzizwe kahle. Imvamisa kuba khona kwezimpawu ezilandelayo: izinhlungu esifubeni; Ubuhlungu ekhanda, ubukhulu bawo bukhuphuka ngokuzikhandla komzimba; isiyezi ngezikhathi ezithile; ukuzindla kwenhliziyo.
Ngokukhuphuka kwengcindezi yegazi, ukuthikamezeka okubukwayo kuvame ukubonwa, kubonakaliswe ekubonakala kwamachashazi amnyama phambi kwamehlo;
Imvamisa, ingcindezi ka-130 kuye kwangama-90 ayithathwa njengeyokuphilisa. Kepha kwezinye izikhathi, umuntu angathola ukungaphatheki kahle emzimbeni ngemuva kwezinkomba ezinjalo. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka kwiziguli ezinama-hypotensive, abonakala ngempilo ejwayelekile ngengcindezi encishisiwe. Noma ukwanda okuncane kangako komfutho wegazi, njengezinkomba esifundeni se-135 kuya ku-85, kungaphakama kakhulu kubo.
Lokhu kwenzeka kaningi kungabonakala ebusweni bokubikezela kwe-hypotensive ekuthuthukisweni okuqhubekayo kwe-hypertension. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-hypotension engamahlalakhona idala ukuphazamiseka ekwakhekeni kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi, ibenze banciphe kakhulu. Ngokwanda kwengcindezi yemvelo, ngokwesibonelo, ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca ngokomzimba, imikhumbi yonakaliswa. Kulokhu, umzimba ukhombisa impendulo yokuzivikela, ubenze babe mnene futhi bangabi namandla. Kungakho i-hypotension ibhekene nenkinga yokuqina komfutho wegazi ngokushesha.
Zibonakaliswa yizimpawu eziveziwe, ngoba isakhi se-hypotonic sishintshwa nomfutho wegazi ophansi.
Esikhathini esinjalo sempilo yowesifazane njengokukhulelwa, ubhekene nezinguquko eziningi emzimbeni wakhe. Izinguquko ekucindezelweni kwegazi nazo zihlukile. Ngasikhathi sinye, noma yikuphi ukushintshwa kwezinkomba kumele kuxoxwe ngakho nongoti, ngoba ngesikhathi sokuzala ingane, umthwalo ohlelweni lwethambo lenhliziyo uyanda kakhulu.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma owesifazane okhulelwe enengcindezi engu-130 kuye ku-95 noma ku-135 kuya ku-90? Izinkomba ezinjalo zibhekwa njengeziphezulu, kepha izibalo ezazibonakala zowesifazane ngaphambi kokukhulelwa kufanele zibhekwe.
Kukholelwa ukuthi ku-trimester yokuqala neyesithathu, umehluko ovumelekile phakathi kwengcindezi akumele udlule ku-20 mm. Hg. Ubuciko.
Uma izinkomba zokucindezela zowesifazane okhulelwe zihlukile, ukubonisana nodokotela kuyadingeka.
Ngokucindezela kwe-130-136 ngabangu-90 kwabesilisa nabesifazane, udokotela uncoma ukuthi isiguli siguqule indlela yaso yokuphila.
Ngasikhathi sinye, kubalulekile ukugcina irejimeni yansuku zonke, ukunamathela ekudleni okufanele, ukugwema ukucindezelwa, ukuzibandakanya emfundweni yomzimba nokuphila ngendlela esebenzayo.
Uma izinqubo ze-pathological emzimbeni zikhonjwa, kungahle kunikezwe ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa.
Imvamisa, izidakamizwa ezilandelayo zinqunyelwe ezinganciphisa umfutho wegazi:
- Ama-Neurotransmitters adlulisela ukuthonywa kwe-electrochemical phakathi kwamaseli;
- Izimo ezinciphisa izinga lekholesterol embi egazini futhi zibe nomphumela omuhle esizweni semithambo yegazi;
- Ama-diuretics, noma ama-diuretics, asiza ukususa amanzi amaningi nosawoti emzimbeni;
- Izidakamizwa ezi-Sedative ne-antihypertensive.
Umuthi ngamunye ukhethwa ngawodwana futhi kuya ngesimo nezimpawu zomzimba wesiguli.
Ukwelapha akwenzeki kuphela ngokusetshenziswa kwamathebulethi, kodwa nangokusebenzisa ezinye izindlela zokunciphisa umfutho wegazi.
Abaningi babo banezibuyekezo ezinhle, kepha ukusetshenziswa kwabo kumele kuxoxwe nodokotela wakho.
Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuthi i-hypertension ye-grade 1 ingalapheka kalula, futhi ayikwazi ukwenza ingozi enkulu emzimbeni futhi ibangele imiphumela emibi. Ekuqaleni kokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi futhi okuyikho, lesi sitatimende siyiqiniso, kodwa-ke, kwezokwelapha kwatholakala ukuthi ubungozi bezinkinga ezinesimo esibuhlungu sesifo cishe buyi-15%. Kulesi simo, imiphumela eyingozi iyabonakala, njengokufakelwa kwamakhemikhali, i-renal sclerosis, noma i-ventricular hypertrophy.
Uma isiguli sibonakaliswa ingcindezi engapheli ye-130-139 kuya ku-90 nge-hypertension yesibili, lokhu kungaholela ekushonelweni kwegazi ezithweni nasezithanjeni. Umphumela walokhu kufa kwamaseli athile nokucekelwa phansi kwesitho. Ukufa kwezicubu kukhula ngezilonda ezigxile. Uma kungekho ukwelashwa, unhlangothi noma isifo senhliziyo sinesifo sikashukela kungenzeka.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic, okunomthelela ongemuhle ezingeni lokudla kwamangqamuzana omzimba. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinkinga ezinjenge-sclerosis, nephrossteosis, i-cardiomyopathy zingavela. I-Hypertrophy yenhliziyo ezimweni ezingavamile iholele ekufeni okungazelelwe.
Yisiphi inkomba yengcindezi yegazi esivamile esichazwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
