Imakethe yezinsimbi zokunambitha okuyingcosana yezidakamizwa ezinomphumela ombaxambili.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, azikukhuthazi ukweqa kushukela, okubalulekile kwabanesifo sikashukela, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba nokuqukethwe kwekhalori ephezulu kuphakamisa ukukhula komzimba, ingasaphathwa imiphumela emibi kakhulu.
Wonke ama-sweeteners ahlukaniswe ngemvelo nokwenziwa.
Izinhlansi zemvelo yilezi:
- UStevia
- i-fructose;
- i-xylitol;
- i-sorbitol;
- sucralose;
- isifo sokuqaqamba kwamalunga
Ukulungiswa kwendabuko kufaka phakathi:
- ISachcharin.
- Aspartame.
- Acesulfame.
- I-Cyclamate.
- Isomalt.
Noma yimuphi umuntu ozikhethela i-sweetener yakhe, noma ngabe uyagula noma uphilile, kufanele aqondiswe ngumqondo ojwayelekile futhi abonane nodokotela, noma, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, afunde ukubuyekezwa. Imibuzo yokuphendula yile:
- Ingabe i-sweetener iyingozi?
- Kufanele ichithwe malini ngosuku?
- Ithebhulethi elilodwa linikeza buphi ubumnandi?
- Ingabe lokhu okumnandi kuphephile?
- Ngabe intengo yomuthi iyahambelana nekhwalithi yayo?
- Ngabe le-sweetener ilungile, noma kungcono ukhethe i-analogue engcono?
- Lo mkhiqizo ungaba namuphi umphumela kwisifo esithile?
Isiguli sibhekene nemibuzo eminingi esivame kakhulu ukungabi nayo impendulo ecacile, ngoba cishe bonke omnandi banezimfanelo ezinhle nezimbi ngesilinganiso esilinganayo.
Imiphumela emibi yabaswidi
Izinhlayiya zokwenziwa zifakwe embuthweni kusukela okokuthambisa okwenziwe kuqala, i-saccharin, kwatholakala ngo-1878.
Noma kunjalo ukungabaza kwasala ukuthi ngabe laba abasebenza izinhlansi zelebhu baphephe ngempela yini.
ISachcharin, ekugcineni, yatholakala ngudokotela wamakhemikhali esebenza ngamalahle wamalahle - impahla esetshenziswa emzimbeni.
Kukhona uhla oluphelele lwezimpawu eziqukethwe kuma-sweeteners.
Ama-flavourers "ama-sweet" ama-sweeteners "izinambuzane zokufakelwa, noma lezo zemvelo ezinjenge-stevia, zingamakhulu ezinkulungwane zezikhathi ezimnandi kunoshukela, okusiza izinhlamvu zokunambitha ukuthi zikujwayele ukudla okumnandi kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, ama-receptors aba nokuncane ukuzwela ekudleni okuvamile.
Ama-sweeteners "akopela" amathumbu. Esikhundleni sikashukela kunambitheka kakhulu, ngakho-ke amathumbu alungiselela ukugaya ukudla okumnandi kakhulu, kepha empeleni amakhalori ashukela awanawo amakhalori. Ngenxa yalokhu, amathumbu ayasebenza, kepha amandla afanele awatholakali, ngenxa yalokho, indlala iyakhula.
Ama-sweeteners aphazamisa ukulinganisela kwe-hormonal. Njengomphumela wokukhishwa kwe-insulin ekudleni kokudla okumnandi, ukumelana kuba nakho, okuthi kamuva kuholele ekukhuleni kokukhuluphala kanye nohlobo 2 sikashukela.
Ama-sweeteners angcolisa imvelo. Izinhlayiya zokwenziwa kufanele ziphikelele - zenzelwe ukubekezelela izimo ezinzima zomzimba wakho. Ngenxa yokuthi ziqine kakhulu, azonakalisi emvelweni lapho zivezwa ukukhanya, umoya-mpilo noma amagciwane.
Ama-sweeteners aguqulwa ngofuzo. Ukufakwa esikhundleni sikashukela kungomunye umthombo wezilimo eziguqulwe ngofuzo ekudleni kwakho. Ama-sweeteners okwakha, anjenge-sucralose, ipartart, i-neotam ne-erythritol, angenziwa kummbila, soya, noma isitshulu sikashukela.
Futhi iningi lalawa masiko amathathu lishintshwa ngofuzo ukuze libekezelele izilwanyana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
Izikweletu Ezisusa Kakhulu Ushukela
Ukuqonda le nkinga ngemininingwane eminingi, udinga ukuhlaziya i-sweetener ngayinye ngemininingwane engaphezulu.
Kuwo wonke ama-sweeteners, ukuphela okuphephile futhi okuzuzisa ngakho-ke i-stevia, enokuqukethwe kwekhalori okuncane nobumnandi obuphakeme. Lesi sidakamizwa asibangeli ukweqa kushukela futhi akubangeli ukukhuluphala.
Ezinye izikhala zikashukela azikwazi ukujabulisa yonke le miphumela, kepha, kunalokho, nginemiphumela emibi eminingana eyengeziwe.
Yize abakhiqizi bahlinzeka ngezinketho eziningi zama-ushukela esikhundleni, akubona bonke abanomphumela omuhle emzimbeni.
Ukuqonda ukuthi yikuphi ukungenela ushukela okugwemeka kangcono, ungenza uhlu olufushane lwalabo abenzi bokubi abakha kakhulu:
- i-aspartame;
- i-saccharin;
- sucralose;
- i-acesulfame;
- i-xylitol;
- i-sorbitol;
- cyclamate.
Yilezi zinto ezinoshukela ezinikeza impendulo yombuzo - izinambuzane eziyingozi noma ezizuzisayo. Akukho ukwephulwa kokusebenzisa okufanele kunganakwa, ngoba ukulimala kwalezi zidakamizwa kuqinisekiswa ngocwaningo. Ngisho noma uphawu olunjenge-dyspepsia lungaphumela ezifweni ezimbi zesistimu yokugaya ukudla.
I-sweetener ingasebenza njenge-allergen futhi yenze ezingxenyeni zamasosha omzimba. Ezimweni ezinjalo, imiphumela emibi efana ne-urticaria, i-dermatitis iyenzeka.
Lesi ngempela isigaba sezidakamizwa esikhangiswa kakhulu, kepha sinesikhwama esikhulu semiphumela emibi.
Izici ze-aspartame ne-saccharin
I-Aspartame inganikela kwimemori engasebenzi kahle, kanye nokukhula kwengcindezi oxidative ebuchosheni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhulelwa noma ukuncelisa ibele kufanele kugweme ngokuphelele lokhu kufakelwa kobisi okuyingozi ngazo zonke izindleko. Ucwaningo lwakamuva lukhomba ezindabeni eziphazamisayo zabesifazane abadla ama-sweeteners okwenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ngenkathi bancelisa ibele. I-Aspartame ingaba yisici esandulela phambili ekuthuthukisweni kwe-metabolic syndrome kanye nokukhuluphala ezinganeni. Imiphumela emibi evamile ye-aspartame ifaka ikhanda, i-migraines, ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa, isiyezi, neziqephu ze-mania.
I-phenylalanine, i-aspartic acid ne-methanol ingahlala esibindini, izinso nobuchopho isikhathi esithile.
I-Saccharin ingenye yamnandi oyinhloko wemithi nokudla okuningi. Kukholelwa ukuthi le nto inomthelela ekutholakaleni kwe-photosensitivity, isicanucanu, i-tundycardia. ISachcharin idlula emgudwini wesisu ngaphandle kokugaywa. Lokhu kwenza kube yisinqumo esingcono kunoshukela kubantu abanesifo sikashukela.
Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokunambitheka kwayo okumnandi, kusengabangela ukugcinwa kwe-insulin yi-ispancreatic islets. Phakathi kwemiphumela emibi emibi ebangelwa yi-saccharin, yabela:
- Imiphumela emibi kuma-bacteria wamathumbu.
- IHepatitis.
- Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
- I-Urticaria.
- Ubuhlungu bekhanda.
ISachcharin ivame ukuqhathaniswa ne-aspartame, enye i-sweetener yokwenziwa. Ngokungafani ne-saccharin, i-aspartame ihlukaniswa njenge-sweetener enempilo. I-Aspartame inenani elincane lama-kilojoule, yize ithatha indawo kashukela ophansi.
Yize i-aspartame ithathwa njengephephile emphakathini, kukhona iziphakamiso ezisiza i-aspartame ukwandisa amazinga e-cortisol futhi ithuthukise umsebenzi we-microbial. Olunye ucwaningo lwakamuva lincoma ukuqaphela lapho usebenzisa i-aspartame ngenxa yemiphumela engahle ibe khona yokufunda, kufaka phakathi ukudana, ukushintshashintsha kwemizwelo, ikhanda, ukukhathazeka kanye nokuqwasha.
IXylitol, iSorbitol, ne-Sucralose
Izithako zikashukela zinomthamo omuncanyana wokumunca, okucasulayo ukuthuthukiswa kokungafani komzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iba nemiphumela emibi emgodini we-gastrointestinal, okubandakanya ukuqhakaza, igesi, cramping, nohudo. Umphumela oxakayo we-xylitol ukhulunywa kakhulu kangangokuba uvame ukuyingxenye yokwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali kokuzenzisa okuningi okwenziwa ngaphezulu kwe-counter.
Ngaphandle kokuthi laba besomnandi bebelokhu bemakethe amashumishumi eminyaka, abesifazane abakhulelwe nabakhanyayo kufanele bakhethe i-sweetener yemvelo, ngoba akwaziwa kabanzi ngokusetshenziswa kwe-xylitol ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuncelisa.
Inothi elikhethekile labanikazi bezinja: Ama-alcohols ashukela wokuhlobana yi-toxin esongela impilo yezinja. Kubalulekile ukukukhumbula lokhu lapho udla amaswidi noma ama-dessert usebenzisa i-xylitol lapho izilwane ezifuywayo ziseduzane.
I-Sucralose, into ekhishwe ushukela, yaqalwa yathunyelwa esikhundleni sikashukela wemvelo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu empeleni kungokuphuma kokuchlorine kwe-sucrose. Futhi i-chlorine, njengoba wazi, ingenye yamakhemikhali anobuthi kakhulu emhlabeni! ISupralose yaqala ukutholwa njengomphumela wokukhiqizwa kwenhlanganisela entsha yokubulala izinambuzane, futhi yayingahloselwe ukuphathwa ngomlomo. Lo mkhiqizo muhle izikhathi eziningi kunoshukela, ngenxa yalokho ukuncika kokudla okumnandi ngokweqile neziphuzo kuvame ukukhula.
Kwatholakala ukuthi ukupheka nge-sucralose emazingeni okushisa aphakeme kungaholela ekwakhekeni kwama-chloropropanols ayingozi, isigaba esinobuthi samakhompiyutha. I-Sucralose ingaguqula futhi ushukela kanye namazinga e-insulin.
Futhi okokugcina, kodwa okungasho lutho, iSupralose ingavunwa futhi ibe nomphumela onobuthi emzimbeni.
Izici ze-cyclamate ne-acesulfame
I-Sodium cyclamate iyinaphunga elenziwe ngobumba elimnandi izikhathi ezingama-30-50 kunoshukela - ubumnandi obuncane kunabo bonke obumnandi bokufakelwa. I-Cyclamate ishiya i-aftertaste, yize ingaphansi kwamanye ama-sweeteners wokufakelwa njenge-saccharin. I-cyclamate ihlala iqinile uma ifudumele futhi imvamisa isetshenziswa emikhiqizweni yokubhaka lapho ezinye izinhlayiya zokwenziwa zingenakusetshenziswa. I-cyclamate ibuye ihlanganiswe namanye ama-sweeteners, ikakhulukazi i-saccharin, ukwenza ngcono ukubonakala komzimba. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi amagciwane asemathunjini angaguqula i-cyclamate ibe yi-cyclohexamine, i-carcinogen engalimaza izicubu zesinye isikhathi kwezinye izimo.
I-Acesulfame, ehlanganisa usawoti we-potassium equkethe i-methylene chloride, imvamisa itholakala ezinhlafuneni ezinotshwala, iziphuzo ezinotshwala, amaswidi, ngisho nama-yoghurts amnandi. Ihlala isetshenziswa ihlanganiswe ne-aspartame nezinye izinhlwili ezingezona i-caloric.
Le sweetener yenze okungenani isilinganiso sokucwaninga, noma ngabe kuboniswe ukuthi ukuvezwa isikhathi eside kwi-methylene chloride, isakhi samakhemikhali esiyinhloko, kubangela isicanucanu, izinkinga zemizwa, mhlawumbe izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza, ukungasebenzi kahle kwesibindi nezinso, izinkinga zokubuka, futhi mhlawumbe ne-autism .
Ngaphezu kwezici zayo ezimnandi, iya ngokuya idumile njenge- "flavour enhancer." I-Acesulfame iyatholakala kalula futhi itholakala njalo ekudleni okwenziwe ngomshini kanye nemikhiqizo yebhikawozi.
Umzimba womuntu awunakuwubhubhisa, futhi kukholakala ukuthi kuthinta kabi i-metabolism.
Izindlela Ezinempilo Zokuzenzela Ama-Artificial Sweeteners
Manje izinyo elimnandi lenzani. Wonke ama-sweeteners wemvelo - kufaka phakathi isiraphu ye-maple, ushukela kakhukhunathi, i-stevia, ama-purees wezithelo noju oluluhlaza - kunezindlela ezinhle, ezinempilo ezinoshukela.
Kungcono ukuhlala unesikhwama se-stevia osesandleni ukuze ungaphendukeli kwabasebenza njengama-sweeteners okwenziwa ngamaresti namakhekhe.
Sebenza ekuguquleni iphalethi le-flavour ukuthuthukisa umkhuba wokujabulela ubumnandi bemvelo bokudla, kunokuba unezele ama-sweeteners. Ochwepheshe batusa ukungeza okunye ukunambitheka, njenge-pungent ne-tart, ukujabulisa izinambuzane.
Isibonelo, i-vanilla, cocoa, i-licorice, i-nutmeg nesinamoni kuthuthukisa ukunambitheka kwemikhiqizo, futhi ngenxa yalokho, isidingo samaswidi siyancishiswa. Uma umuntu ethanda iziphuzo ezinoshukela, angazama ukubuyisa itiye eline-iced noju, ushukela kakhukhunathi noma isiraphu yesiphu.
Ubhubhane lokukhuluphala luyaqhubeka lukhula, futhi luhambisana nokwanda kokusetshenziswa kabanzi kwama-sweeteners okwakha okunempilo, kufaka phakathi i-aspartame, i-sucralose, i-saccharin kanye ne-ushukela alcohols.
Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ama-sweeteners wokufakelwa awagcobisi umzimba njengokudla kwangempela. Esikhundleni salokho, ekugcineni, kuba nomuzwa wokweneliseka okuncane ngokudla, okuvusa umkhuba wokudla ukudla okuningi. Lokhu kuholela ekuzuzeni isisindo, ngaphezu kwemiphumela emibi engaba yingozi ehambisana nama-sweeteners wokufakelwa.
Ukufakwa esikhundleni sikashukela okuphephile kuchazwe kule vidiyo kule ndatshana.
