Muva nje, inkinga yengcindezi eyandayo ayihluphanga isizukulwane esisha, njengoba imvamisa itholakala ngqo kubantu asebekhulile. Kunezizathu eziningi zalokhu, ikakhulukazi ukuntuleka kokuzivocavoca umzimba okwanele nokudla okufanele. Ukuba khona kwezimo ezicindezelayo njalo kuthinta isimo sengcindezelo.
Izizathu zokwanda kwengcindezi kungenzeka zibe ziningi. Okokuqala, lokhu, yiqiniso, iminyaka. Ngokuvamile, ukwanda kwengcindezi kwenzeka maqondana noshintsho esimweni semithambo yegazi, ngoba imithambo ingakwazi ukwanda bese ingena kwisivumelwano, ngokuya ngesimo somzimba womuntu. Imvamisa, ukwanda kwengcindezi kungumphumela wokuncipha kokhanyo phakathi kwezindonga zemikhumbi nokubonakala kwama-spasms.
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukucindezela kuyashintsha futhi kuyahluka usuku lonke. Ngakho-ke, kunesidingo sokuqapha njalo lento.
Izizathu zokucindezela okukhulu zingafaka okulandelayo:
- ukudla ngokweqile;
- ukuphakamisa imikhiqizo esindayo;
- ukwenza izivivinyo ezisindayo zomzimba, kufaka phakathi ukugijima nokukhuphuka izitebhisi;
- ukubhema nokuphuza;
- ukuphuza iziphuzo ezinekhofi;
- ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlobo ezithile zemithi;
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imbangela yokugxuma kwengcindezi ingaba ukucindezelwa kwemizwa, okuholela ekushintsheni kwezinga lesifo senhliziyo.
Ukuvalwa kwemithambo yegazi kuholela ekwandeni kwengcindezi odongeni. Ngenxa yalokhu, ingozi yokopha iyakhuphuka, ngenxa yokuqina kokuqina kwemithambo yegazi. Njengomthetho, ukuqhuma kwemithambo yegazi kwenzeka ebuchosheni, okuholele ekuthatheni kokukhubazeka noma nokufa imbala.
Ukunciphisa inani legazi elisetshenzisiwe kuholela emiphumeleni yendlala ye-oksijini. Ngakho-ke, umzimba womuntu uthola inani elanele lezinto ezidingekayo futhi ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwezitho zangaphakathi kuba yinto engenakwenzeka. Lokhu kungaphawulwa ngosizo lokuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile, lapho kungaphawulwa khona ukuthi igazi likhulu futhi li-viscous xaxa.
Ukubonakaliswa okuyinhloko komfutho wegazi ophakeme
Ingcindezi ingaba yi-systolic (kunomthelela odongeni lwemithambo yegazi ngenxa yokuqina komsipha wenhliziyo) kanye ne-diastolic (lapho inhliziyo iphumula).
Imvamisa, isilinganiso se-120 kuye ku-80 sibhekwa njengengcindezi evamile.
Uma kwenzeka kweqiwa ngokweqile noma ezinye izinto ezihlobene, ingcindezi ephezulu ingakhuphuka ibe inani le-130 noma i-140.
Kepha kungaba cishe wonke umuntu futhi emva kwesikhathi esithile ingcindezi ibuyela kwesejwayelekile. Noma kunjalo, kusadingeka ukuqapha nokulawula lezi zinkomba. Isibonelo, isikhathi ngasinye ngaphambi kokwamukelwa ku-Therapist, kuyadingeka ukukala umfutho.
Kunethebula elilinganisiwe lokucindezela okujwayelekile kwabantu bezigaba ezahlukene.
| iminyaka | systolic | diastolic | ||
| amadoda | abesifazane | amadoda | abesifazane | |
| kuze kube unyaka | 96 | 95 | 66 | 65 |
| Iminyaka eyi-1-10 | 103 | 103 | 69 | 70 |
| Iminyaka eyi-10 - 20 | 123 | 116 | 76 | 72 |
| Iminyaka engama-20-30 | 126 | 120 | 79 | 75 |
| Iminyaka engama-30 kuya kwengama-40 | 129 | 127 | 81 | 80 |
| Iminyaka engama-40-50 ubudala | 135 | 137 | 83 | 84 |
| Iminyaka engama-50-60 | 142 | 144 | 85 | 85 |
| Iminyaka engama-60-70 ubudala | 145 | 159 | 82 | 85 |
| Iminyaka engama-70-80 ubudala | 147 | 157 | 82 | 85 |
| Iminyaka engama-80-90 ubudala | 145 | 150 | 78 | 79 |
Lapho nje ingcindezi ifinyelela ku-160, isiguli siba nekhanda, ukukhathala kanye nenausea. Lezi yizimpawu eziqinisekile zomfutho wegazi ophakeme, ezidinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha kwezokwelapha.
Ngokwehlukana, kufanelekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izinga eliphakeme lokucindezela lingabonakala ngisho nalapho kukhona amakhaza. Uma ngemuva kwesifo izimpawu zishabalala, futhi ingcindezi eyandayo ye-intracranial iqhubeka, kubalulekile ukubonana nodokotela. Ingcindezi ye-atmospheric nayo inomphumela kubantu abanezimpawu zesifo senhliziyo.
Abanye abantu banengcindezi yabo yokusebenza, ikakhulukazi uma kusebenza kanzima.
Kulesi simo, ukwanda kwengcindezi kubonwa kungakapheli ihora ngemuva komsebenzi, futhi kuyadingeka ukukhathazeka uma izinkomba zingafani nhlobo ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa.
Kungani umfutho wegazi ophakeme uyingozi kubantu?
Njengomthetho, abantu abahlaselwa umfutho wegazi ophakeme banezimpawu ezinjengokukhanda kwekhanda kanye nokugwaza emathempelini abo.
Izimpawu zomfutho wegazi ophakeme zihlukile.
Ukubonakaliswa kwezimpawu ezahlukahlukene kungahle kuncike ezintweni ezihlanganyele nokuphazamiseka emzimbeni.
Phakathi kokuphambili okubonisa umehluko obukhali ekucindezelweni kwezimpawu, kufanele kunakwe:
- Ukubonakala kwekhanda, okuthi, njengomthetho, kugxiliwe emuva kwekhanda futhi kungenzeka kudonsa.
- Ubomvu besikhumba.
- Ukubonakala kwe-tinnitus.
- Isiyezi
- Ukunyuka kwenhliziyo nokujuluka.
- Izinkinga zokuphefumula nokuqina kwezitho.
- Isicanucanu, esivame ukuholela ekuhlanzeni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuvela ukukhathazeka okuningana futhi ukulahleka kwengqondo kungenzeka.
Ingcindezi ebucayi kubantu
Uma izinga lokucindezela kwe-arterial likhuphuka kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukubeka isiguli endaweni eyisicaba.
Ngakho-ke, ukujaha kwegazi ebuchosheni kanye nokuvela kokukhipha i-hemorrhage kungagwenywa, kuyilapho ikhanda libekwe kangcono ezingeni lenhliziyo.
Ngezinga elikhulayo lokucindezela, impilo yomuntu isengozini.
Umfutho wegazi ophakeme unomthelela omkhulu kakhulu empilweni yomuntu. Kwezinye izimo, umuntu usengozini yokubulawa. Okokuqala, lesi sifo sinomphumela omubi enhliziyweni - isitho esiyinhloko somzimba womuntu.
Lesi sifo kungaholela ekunciphiseni i-ventricle yangakwesobunxele ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezinto ezidingekayo, ukuqina kodonga lwenhliziyo, ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo kanye necrosis yezicubu zenhliziyo, kanye nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo okungapheli kanye nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo nesifo sikashukela.
Isistimu yenhliziyo nayo ihlushwa umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Isithasiselo somoya-mpilo siyaphazamiseka, lapho beqala ukonakala.
Iziguli ezinokweqile zingathola ukungaboni kahle. Izinso nazo zihlushwa umfutho wegazi ophakeme.
Ingcindezi ebulalayo nokuvimbela izifo
Okuyingozi kakhulu kubantu wukubonakaliswa kwenhlupheko yegazi. Le nto ibulala wonke umuntu. Uma umuntu enezimpawu zokugula zalesi sifo, kufanele uthintane nodokotela ngokushesha.
Imvamisa, le nto ibonwa ezigulini ezinamazinga okucindezela angaphezu kuka-180 kuye ku-120. Isikhombisi esibucayi singu-240-260 kuya ku-130-160, kanti i-ambulensi imane idingeka.
Izinga eliphansi lokucindezela alinakubhekwa njengesiqinisekiso sendlela yokugwema ukucindezela okubulalayo. Ngisho neziguli ezinama-hypotensive zingakhombisa izimpawu zokucindezela kwegazi eliphezulu, i-Veda hypotension akuyona inkomba yokuthi lesi sifo asikho.
Ubudala obudala buyinkomba eqondile yokuvela kwezinkinga ngokuyinhloko nesistimu yenhliziyo. Azikho izifo ezingalapheki futhi, uma kunezinkinga ngomfutho, zingandiswa noma zincishiswe. Izindlela zokuvimbela nazo zibaluleke kakhulu ekugcineni impilo.
Ukuvimbela ukuvela kwesifo esifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, kungcono:
- gwema izimo ezicindezelayo futhi uvumelane nendlela yokuphila enhle;
- lawula isisindo, okungukuthi, hlukana namakhilogremu amaningi;
- sebenzisa ejwayelekile, kepha ngasikhathi sinye, ukuzivocavoca okulinganiselayo;
- yeka imikhuba emibi;
- ukondliwa okufanele futhi kudlala indima ebalulekile, kuyalulekwa ukulandela inombolo yokudla 5.
Ngakho-ke, singaphetha ngokuthi izinkinga ezinomfutho wegazi ophakeme zenzeka ngenani elikhulu ngokwanele labantu, kuyilapho kunamaqembu ayingozi lapho umfutho wegazi ophakeme ungaholela emiphumeleni emibi nangaphezulu.
Ezimweni eziningi, umfutho wegazi ophakeme ungaqedwa ngokunciphisa i-cholesterol, ukunciphisa isisindo, njll. Endabeni yesandulela sofuzo kanye nesigaba sobudala, ukususa izibonakaliso zegazi eliningi kunzima impela.
Kwezinye izimo, kuyadingeka ukuthi uthathe izidakamizwa ezisizayo ezizobuyisela ukuntuleka kwezakhi ezidingekayo emzimbeni. Izinto ezivelayo zizoqinisa izindonga zemithambo yegazi futhi zikhulise ithoni.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezikhethekile ukusimamisa umsebenzi wenhliziyo nobuchopho kuya ngokuya kudumile.
Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwanoma yimuphi umuthi kudinga ukubonisana kwangaphambili nodokotela ongakunikeza ngokunembile ukwelashwa okudingekayo. Ukusetshenziswa kabi kwalokhu noma leso sidakamizwa kungabulala.
Imininingwane ngemiphumela yomfutho wegazi ophakeme inikezwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
