I-Atherossteosis yisifo esingamahlalakhona esenzeka maqondana nokulimala kwamafutha emzimbeni futhi sizibonakalise sisifo esinamandla senhliziyo.
Uma kukhona ukwephulwa kwe-lipid metabolism egazini, izinga le-cholesterol (cholesterol) ne-atherogenic lipoproteins liyanda.
Isiphambeko esincane odongeni lwangaphakathi lodonga lwama-vascular yisona esibangela ukwakhiwa kwama-atherosclerotic plaque.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-atherosulinosis:
- maphakathi, lapho kuthinteka khona umugqa we-endothelial wemithambo yegazi yenhliziyo;
- i-peripheral, lapho inqubo ye-atherosulinotic ithinta yonke eminye imithambo yegazi.
Uhlobo lokuqala luboniswa ngokuhlaselwa yi-angina noma okunye ukuhluka kwesifo senhliziyo. Umtholampilo wefomu le-peripheral lalesi sifo uncike ekwakhekeni kokugxilwa kwe-pathological.
I-Atherossteosis ibonakala ngokuba khona kwenkathi ende yesikhathi esingezansi. Lokhu kugcizelela kakhulu ukuxilongwa kwalesi sifo. Imvamisa, i-pathology itholakala ngezigaba ezinzima zokuthuthuka.
Ingozi yalesi sifo ukuthi, kungekudala, izinkinga zesifo ziyavela, okubandakanya:
- I-acute coronary syndrome noma i-myocardial infarction.
- I-hemorrhagic noma i-ischemic acute cerebrovascular ngengozi, noma isifo sohlangothi.
- I-acute limb ischemia ene-necrosis futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukunqunywa.
- Embolism we-Vascular nge-atherosclerotic plaque.
Ngenxa yobunzima balesi sifo, ukukhuthaza ukuvikeleka kwezifo kwenziwa ngenkuthalo emhlabeni wonke.
Njengoba inqubo ye-pathological yokuqhubeka kwesifo ukwandisa amazinga e-cholesterol (cholesterol), inhloso eyinhloko yokwelashwa nokuvimbela ukunciphisa ukuhlukunyezwa kwayo kwiseramu yegazi.
Ngokungezelela ekwelashweni elikhethekile le-pharmacological, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuguqulwa okuphelele kwendlela yokuphila ngokushintshwa kokudla okufanele, ukwenqatshwa kwemikhuba emibi nemfundo yokuzivocavoca.
Ukudla okuvinjelwe i-cholesterol ephezulu
I-Hypercholesterolemia isibonakaliso sokuqala, esinembile sokuthuthuka kwe-atherosclerosis. Umthamo ophelele we-cholesterol yansuku zonke ngokudla akufanele udlule i-500 mg. Njalo nge-100 mg ye-cholesterol eza nokudla inyusa izinga layo egazini ngu-10 mg / dl.
Ama-cholesterol amaningi aqukethe imikhiqizo yezilwane.
Ukudla kuqukethe izinhlobo eziningi zamafutha acid. I-Atherogenic ifaka nama-acid anamafutha amaningi.
Kuyiqiniso, izinga elithile lokudla nge-asidi eligcwele liyadingeka ukuze umzimba uhlanganyele ezinqubweni ze-biochemical. Kodwa inani labo kufanele lilinganiselwe ngokuqinile kumzimba onempilo, futhi lingafakwa ezigulini ezihlushwa i-hypercholesterolemia.
Ukudla okunothe ngamafutha acid kugcwele:
- inyama enamafutha, ikakhulukazi ingulube;
- amanoni;
- isifuyo sezilwane, ikakhulukazi isibindi sengulube;
- imikhiqizo yesoseji;
- inyama yamanzi;
- umhluzi wenyama ocebile;
- ezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi;
- inhlanzi ekheniwe enamafutha ongeziwe;
- inhlanzi caviar;
- izikhupha zamaqanda;
- eminye imikhiqizo yobisi (ukhilimu, ukhilimu omuncu omuncu, ibhotela, ubisi lonke, ushizi onamafutha, u-ayisikhilimu).
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyenqatshelwe ngokuqinile ukudla ukudla okuphezulu kuma-carbohydrate alula. Kusukela ohlelweni lwe-glucose metabolism triglycerides nama-molecule e-lipid angena egazini. I-insulin ebhekele ukusetshenziswa kwe-glucose ivame ukuhambisa ama-molecule we-lipid kwidepho yamafutha bese ngenxa yalokho inomthelela ekukhulupheni. Ukudla okune-carbohydrate ephezulu kufaka:
- Okokuqala, ushukela kufanele ungafakwa ekudleni kuze kube sezingeni eliphakeme. Lo mkhiqizo awuphathi noma yiliphi inani lomzimba, ngaphandle kokuqukethwe kwekhalori enkulu.
- I-Confectionery Lokhu kudla kuqukethe ushukela omningi namafutha amaningi. Ukutholwa kwe-confectionery akunconyelwe ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo.
- Ukubhaka ibhotela.
- Ushokoledi wobisi, ngoba ngaphandle kobhontshisi we-cocoa uqukethe amanoni amaningi noshukela.
Izinhlamvu zokusanhlamvu zinconyelwa ukuba zidliwe ekuseni ngaphandle kokuthosa ngebhotela. Kufanele futhi ukhawule ukusetshenziswa kwesinkwa kusuka ebangeni eliphakeme kakhulu lefulawa.
Imikhiqizo efana ne-ketchup, imayonnaise, isifiso sokufakelwa akufanele ibe khona ngisho nakumenyu yomuntu ophilile ngokuphelele.
Ukudla okuwusizo kwe-cholesterol ephezulu
Njengoba sifunde ngokucophelela isigaba esedlule, kulula ngokwanele ukukhumbula ukuthi yikuphi ukudla ongakwazi ukukudla nge-cholesterol ephezulu. Ukulinganiselwa kuyizimiso eziyisisekelo zanoma iyiphi ingxenye ye-etiology futhi iningi labantu lijwayelene nohlu lwemikhawulo.
Ngaleso sikhathi, akuwona wonke umuntu owaziyo ukuthi wenzeni nge-cholesterol ephezulu nokuthi yikuphi ukudla ongakudla, futhi okungekho lutho. Okokuqala, ukuze ngokwejwayelekile i-cholesterol metabolism, inani lokudla okunokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-asidi e-asidi kufanele kuncishiswe ekudleni.
Ukuqinisekisa umzimba emafutheni, kuyadingeka ukufaka ekudleni kokudla okuphezulu kuma-asidi e-polyunsaturated.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi umzimba nawo udinga inani elanele lama-amino acid, amavithamini kanye namaminerali.
Kumenyu yansuku zonke, ngokuya ngemigomo yokudla kwaseMedithera (ukusebenza okufakazelwe ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela i-atherosclerosis) kufanele kufake:
- inani elanele lamafutha omifino, ikakhulukazi omnqumo nelanga;
- inyama enciphile;
- Inkukhu
- izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zasolwandle ezinamafutha aphansi;
- ukudla kwasolwandle;
- inani elikhulu lemifino emisha engagadli;
- izithelo zonyaka nezithelo;
- imikhiqizo yobisi;
- i-durum kakolweni pasta;
- isinkwa esiphelele sokusanhlamvu.
Njengoba amafutha ayinto ebaluleke kakhulu ekwakhekeni kwamahomoni, izindonga zeseli nezinye izinhlobo eziningi zemvelo, kubalulekile ukubhekisisa ukuqaphela kwazo.
Akunakusho ukuthi isiguli sishiya ngokuphelele amafutha.
Ukudla izakhamzimba kwe-atherossteosis
Amafutha abaluleke kakhulu yi-Omega-3 ne-Omega-6 fatty acids. Zitholakala ngobuningi bamafutha ezinhlanzi kanye namafutha zemifino. Ososayensi baveze ukuthi laba bamuva banomphumela olwa ne-atherogenic futhi bayakwazi ukudonsa ama-lipids "ayingozi" odongeni lwamafutha.
Amafutha emifino anconyiwe ukuba adliwe esimweni esingafakwanga, ngakho-ke ngesikhathi sokucolisiswa, uwoyela ulahlekelwa yi-lecithin ewusizo. Lesi sakamuva sibamba iqhaza ekwakhekeni kwama-anti-atherogenic complexes e-lipids anamaprotheni avimbela ukubekwa kwe-cholesterol ku-endothelium.
Amafutha we-Omega-3,6 angakhulisa izakhiwo ezi-odongeni lomthambo, anciphise ukuqina kwe-endothelium. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bathuthukisa ukubopha kwe-cholesterol emgodini futhi kushukumisa ukukhishwa kwe-bile.
Noma yikuphi ukudla kusho ukufakwa okuphoqelekile kwezithelo ezithile zemifino kanye nemifino ekudleni.
Ukufakwa kwemifino nezithelo ekudleni kuhlotshaniswa nezinga eliphakeme le-fiber, gluten ne-pectin, okubuye futhi kukhulume ngezindawo eziphikisana ne-atherogenic.
Uhlu lwezithelo nemifino evunyelwe kumele ufake:
- ama-apula
- ithanga;
- izithelo ezisawolintshi;
- iklabishi.
Uhlu lungahluka kuye ngesizini nesikhathi nokuba khona kokungabekezelelani esigulini. Kwenqatshelwe ukudla izithelo nemifino enenkomba ye-glycemic ephezulu kanye nenani elikhulu lesitashi. Inkomba ye-glycemic (GI) ibonisa inani elikhuphuka ushukela wegazi. Imikhiqizo ye-GI itholakala kumatafula akhethekile.
Kubalulekile ukuqapha ukondleka kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, ngoba ukukhulelwa kukhulisa ubungozi besifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqapha irejimeni yokuphuza. Phuza amanzi ahlanzekile, ama-decoctions wezithelo ezomisiwe netiye elingafakwanga itiye. Inani eliphelele loketshezi ngosuku akufanele libe ngaphansi kwamalitha ayi-1.5.
Ukwazi ukuthi awukwazi ukudla nge-cholesterol ephezulu futhi ubheke yonke imithetho yokudla okufanele, ungafinyelela kalula amazinga e-lipid ajwayelekile futhi uhlanze igazi ku-cholesterol “embi”.
Ukondliwa okufanelekile, ukusebenza ngokomzimba kanye nokubusa okunengqondo komsebenzi nokuphumula kuhlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okuthembekile kwe-atherosulinosis kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlekelele ezinobungozi zenhliziyo.
Yikuphi ukudla okusiza ukwehlisa i-cholesterol kuchazwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
