I-cholesterol yinto ebaluleke kakhulu edingeka ekusebenzeni komzimba okugcwele. Idlala indima ekhethekile ekugcineni amazinga e-hormonal.
Ngeke ikwazi ukuzimela ngokuzimela nokugeleza kwegazi, ngoba alincibiliki emanzini.
I-Cholesterol ihanjiswa njengengxenye yezindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Babizwa ngokuthi ama-lipoproteins.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamakhompiyutha:
- Ama-Holimicrons amakhulu ngobukhulu.
- Ama-lipoprotein aphansi kakhulu, abizwa nangokuthi i-beta lipoproteins. Lapho beklama, basebenzisa isifinyezo i-VLDLP.
- Ama-lipoprotein angaphansi kwabantu. Zincane kakhulu kunangaphambili. Ngokubiza, isifinyezo se-LDL siyasetshenziswa.
- Ama-lipoproteins we-density high abizwa nge-alpha lipoproteins. Isifinyezo yi-HDL.
Imayelana nomqondo wokugcina okuzoxoxwa ngawo. Kuzo zonke izingqinamba ze-lipoprotein, lena yiyona ndawo eyaziwa kakhulu ngamaphrotheni. Inama-protein angaphansi kwama-55%, nama-phospholipids - hhayi ngaphansi kwama-30. Ama-Triglycerides ne-cholesterol aqukethe kuwo ngemali encane. Le khompiyutha iyisisindo esibonakala sithambile esitholakala cishe kuzo zonke izitho zomzimba. Inegama elijwayelekile kuwo wonke umuntu - i-cholesterol. Wukuphela kwento eyenziwe ngesibindi nezinso.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wama-alpha lipoproteins ukususa amanoni omzimba okweqile kumaswidi namangqamuzana.
Lapho begcwele egazini, mancane amathuba okuthola isifo senhliziyo. Vimbela ukuthengiswa kwamafutha ezindongeni ze-vascular. Iningi lale nto laziwa njenge-cholesterol "enenzuzo". Idlulisela amaseli wamafutha esibindini, ilawula ama-hormone ngokuvuselela izindlala ze-adrenal. Ibuye ixhumanise isimo somuntu ngokomqondo nangokomzwelo, esivimbela ukuqala kwezimo ezicindezelayo. I-alfa ne-beta cholesterol ibaluleke ngokulinganayo emzimbeni nakwisimo sempilo.
Ukwahlukaniswa kwe-cholesterol ezigabeni "eziyingozi" futhi "ezilusizo" kunquma umphumela wazo emzimbeni womuntu.
Ukwephulwa kwesijwayelekile kukhombisa izinkinga ezinkulu ezisobala zempilo.
Izinga elikhulayo le-cholesterol "enhle" linquma amathuba okukhula kwe-atherossteosis, isifo senhliziyo. Amazinga aphansi akhombisa ukuba khona kwe-hypocholesterolemia.
Ukuze ucwaningo lube olunembile ngangokunokwenzeka, udinga ukunamathela kwezinye izincomo ezilula.
Ukulungiselela okufanele isifundo kufaka le mithetho elandelayo:
- ukuhlaziywa kufanele kuthathwe esiswini "esingenalutho", okungenani amahora ayisishiyagalombili kufanele adlule kusukela ngesikhathi sokudla;
- isiguli kufanele siyeke ukudla okunamafutha, okuthosiwe, okubhemayo, notshwala ngaphambi kosuku lokufunda;
- ungabhemi ihora elilodwa ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa;
- ucwaningo lohlobo oluhlukile alunqunywa ngosuku olufanayo nalolu;
- isigamu sehora ngaphambi kokuthatha impahla awukwazi ukuvumela ukukhathazeka ngokomzwelo.
Izifundo zenziwa elebhu. Azikwazi ukunqunywa ngokuqondile, ngakho-ke, i-LDL ne-HDL kuqala ukuhanjiswa. Ku-ketshezi olutholakala ngemuva kwenqubo yokuthola isentimitha, i-cholesterol esele iyalinganiswa.
Izindlela zanamuhla zokuxilonga zivumela ukuthola umphumela ngokunemba okukhulu kakhulu. Kulula ukukhipha, ngaphezu kwalokho, kubasebenzi basebhalabhini ayinangozi ngokuphelele. Amamitha wesimanje wezinto eziphilayo anquma umphumela ngenani elincane lezinto zokusetshenziswa. Izindlela ezenzelwe i-Electrophoresis zikhona ezivumela ukuba ama-lipoproteins ahlukaniswe. Ukunquma okujwayelekile, kunetafula elikhethekile elihambisa izinkomba nezinkomba.
Uma i-cholesterol ye-alpha emzimbeni ingaphansi kuka-0,9 mmol / L, ubungozi bokuthola i-atherosclerosis luphezulu kakhulu. Lapho kuphakama i-cholesterol ephelele, kuba nengozi enkulu empilweni. Ukunquma izinga le-lipids esegazini, ukubala inkomba ye-astrogen, noma i-coefflication ebalwe ngefomula ekhethekile. Umphumela ulinganisa izinga lokungeqile kwe-LDL ne-HDL. Umphumela omncane uma usuhle, isimo somuntu sihle.
Ukuze uhlole ngokuphelele isimo somzimba, ochwepheshe batusa ukwenza iphrofayili ye-lipid. Sizokhombisa inani eliqondile lezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-lipids.
I-cholesterol namaprotheni asemzimbeni ahlobene ngokuqondile namaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate kanye nemetabolism yawo.
Lezi zinqubo zincike ekudleni okunempilo, ukusebenza komzimba, izifo ezingamahlalakhona ezinso, isibindi nezicubu ezithintekayo.
Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kuzosiza ukukhulisa izinga le-cholesterol enenzuzo, ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukunamathela emithethweni ethile.
Ukwehlisa i-cholesterol ye-alpha:
- ukukhuluphala
- isifo sikashukela mellitus;
- isifo se-nephrotic;
- ukubhema
- isifo sokuqina kwemizwa;
- i-triglycerides eyeqile.
Odokotela batusa:
- Nqaba utshwala.
- Yekani ukubhema.
- Yenza umsebenzi wokuzivocavoca. Kuyadingeka ukuthatha indlela efanele yokuzivocavoca umzimba.
- Lungisa ukudla. Amafutha kanye nama-carbohydrate amiselela i-pectin. Yehlisa cholesterol embi.
Ukuze uvimbele i-atherosclerosis, udinga ukuthatha uvithamini C.
I-Hyperlipidemia yisifo esibonakaliswa ngamazinga aphezulu ama-lipids nama-lipoprotein egazini lomuntu.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwezinhlobo zezifo kwenzeka ngokuya ngokuqoqwa kwama-lipids nama-lipoprotein ku-plasma yegazi.
Kunezinhlobo ezinjalo ze-hyper-alpha lipidemia:
Mina - anda ama-triglycerides.
Ia - cholesterol ephezulu.
II c - amazinga aphakeme e-triglyceride ne-cholesterol.
I-III - ukunqwabelana kwezingcezwana ze-chylomicron, okuholela kokuqukethwe okweqile kwezinto ezidlule.
IV - ukunyuka kwe-triglyceride, i-cholesterol ngenani elijwayelekile.
V - ukukhuphuka kokuhlushwa kwe-triglyceride ne-cholesterol.
Ngaphezu kwalawa, i-hypo-alpha-lipoproteinemia, i-hypo-beta-lipoproteinemia nayo ihlukaniswa. Kukhona ne-hyperlipidemia exubekile.
Izimbangela ze-hyperlipidemia zingaba:
- ukuqina kwesibindi;
- ukungondleki;
- thayipha i-1 isifo sikashukela;
- ukwephulwa kwe-gland yegilo;
- ukwehluleka kwezinso;
- uhlobo 2 sikashukela;
- umsebenzi wokuphakama okwandayo;
- isakhi sofuzo;
- ukudakwa kotshwala;
- eminye imishanguzo;
I-cholesterol ingavuka ekudleni okungalungile, ukukhuluphala, ubulili. Ochwepheshe bathi amazinga we-cholesterol wabesifazane aphansi kakhulu ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini. Kumadoda alonyaka, izinga liphakeme kakhulu.
Lesi sifo asinazimpawu. Ngakho-ke, ukuba khona kokwephulwa kungaqunywa kuphela ukuhlaziywa kwe-biochemical. Ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo kuhambisana nokuvela kwe-atherosulinosis. Imane inezimpawu ezimbalwa zesici. Uhlobo lwezimpawu kuncike endaweni yama-atherosclerotic plaque.
Ngama-triglycerides aphezulu, i-pancreatitis iyabonakala. Ukuvikela impilo yakho udinga ukuhlolwa njalo.
Udokotela kuphela onqume ukuthi lesi sifo sitholakele futhi anikeze isakhiwo esifanele sokwelashwa.
Uma i-alpha cholesterol iphakeme, udinga ukunaka lokho okudliwa ngumuntu, okusho ukuthi kufanele uguqule indlela odla ngayo nendlela ophila ngayo. Inani le-cholesterol “enempilo” emzimbeni lithintwa inani lamaprotheni ekudleni.
I-atherossteosis, isifo sikashukela kanye nokukhuluphala akuyona imiphumela yokudla okweqile kwamafutha ezilwane ekudleni, yize kuthinta impilo. Ukweqiwa kwesitashi nofulawa ekudleni kuholela emiphumeleni enjalo. Lezi zinto ziphazamisa umuzwa womzimba we-insulin. Ngenxa yalokhu, amafutha ngokweqile emithanjeni yegazi nasemangqamuzaneni. Ngokwesibalo sabantu abaningi, le nkinga iba efanelekile, ngenxa yokwehla kwezinga lempilo.
I-cholesterol metabolism nayo iyaphazamiseka ngenxa yokushoda kwe-fiber coarse. Ochwepheshe bathi ukudla izinhlanzi ezinamanzi anosawoti kanye nenyama engenamafutha kunganciphisa ithuba lakho lokukhulisa i-cholesterol. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukusetshenziswa koshukela, imikhiqizo kafulawa, nesitashi kumele kuncishiswe. I-cholesterol enhle nayo ithonywa indlela yokuphila. Kwezinye izimo, kunconywa ukuthatha i-lipoic acid. Lokhu kuqokwa kufanele kwenziwe kuphela uchwepheshe.
Ukuhamba okuphansi okuhambisana nokungondleki kubeka engcupheni impilo ngendlela yezifo ezinkulu. Kubalulekile ukuthi ngokwejwayelekile kwenziwe kube ngokwejwayelekile isilinganiso sezinhlobo ze-cholesterol.
Ukulimala kwe-lipid metabolism kungumphumela futhi ngasikhathi sinye imbangela ye-atherossteosis, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukukhuluphala nesifo sikashukela. Lezi zifo ziqhamuka ikakhulu ngenxa yendlela engalungile. Ngakho-ke, i-lipid metabolism ingahle yenziwe ibejwayelekile ngaphandle kwemithi ngokulungisa indlela odla ngayo kanye nemikhuba yokuphila.
Ukuthi wehlise kanjani amazinga we-cholesterol echazwe kwi-video kulesi sihloko.
