Isifo se-Hypertensive esinezinkinga zokulimala kwenhliziyo sivame kakhulu kubantu asebekhulile nabadala. Ibizwa nangokuthi yi-hypertension.
Lesi sifo sibonisa ngokwanda kwengcindezi, ukulimala kwemithambo yenhliziyo. Ikhula kancane, kunezigaba ezintathu zekhosi. Ukulimala kwenhliziyo esiteji sokuqala akwenzeki, kodwa sekuvele, ekugcineni, kungavela izinkinga ezinkulu.
Esikhathini esiningi, isifo senhliziyo esithanda ukuba nomfutho siba kubantu abahlala emazweni athuthuke kakhulu. Cishe ama-20% abantu emhlabeni jikelele abahlushwa umfutho wegazi ophakeme, kunemibandela eminingi yalesi sifo.Isifo sinikezwe ikhodi ye-ICD I10-I15.
Umfutho wegazi ophakeme awunasizathu esisodwa, inkimbinkimbi yazo yonke, futhi ihluke ngokuphelele. Indlela yokuphila engalungile ibeka umzimba womuntu engcupheni yansuku zonke. Ezinye zezinto eziyingozi kakhulu yilezi:
- Ukuphuza utshwala. I-Alcohol ingenye yezinto ezifuthelayo zokucindezela okwandayo. Ukunyuka okungazelelwe kwengcindezi kubi kakhulu enhliziyweni. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi isifo sohlangothi singenzeka.
- Ukucindezelwa okuqhubekayo nokucindezelwa kwengqondo nakho kudlala indima enkulu ekuqaleni nasekuthuthukiseni umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Abantu abasebenza kanzima kakhulu futhi banemizwa yezinzwa bavame ukutholakala ekuqhamukeni kwalesi sifo.
- Indlela yokuphila yokuhlala phansi iba yimbangela yesifo senhliziyo, lokhu akuyona into eyehlukile. I-Hypodynamia ingadala ukuqina kwegazi, okuzoholela emiphumeleni emibi.
- Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile futhi kungabhekwa njengesici esiyingozi. Ngenxa yesisindo ngokweqile, kuvela izingqimba zegazi kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme.
Ukuvimbela kufana nokwelashwa. Kwehla nemithetho embalwa nje, eyokuqala yayo ukwenqaba ngokuphelele imikhuba emibi ebhubhisa impilo nempilo.
I-Hypertonic kufanele ishintshe indlela yokuphila ngokususa ukudla okulimazayo kuyo bese iqala ukuhamba ngaphezulu. Ukondla okufanele akudingeki nje ukuqinisa izindonga zemithambo yegazi, kodwa futhi nokunciphisa isisindo somzimba ngesikhathi sokukhuluphala, kanye nokukuvikela.
Lapho isimo sithuthuka, kwenqatshelwa ukwenqaba ukwelashwa, kufanele uqhubeke nokulandela imithetho yempilo futhi uthathe izidakamizwa ze-antihypertensive. Izifundo ezimfushane zokuphatha ngeke zinikeze umphumela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme uqhubekela phambili. Kungokulandela kuphela zonke lezi zincomo lapho ukufa kungagwenywa.
Zonke izinto zincike ngqo endleleni yomuntu yokuphila. Akekho ocabanga ngezingozi zomkhuba othile nokulutha, kepha zingayilimaza impilo.
Ngakho-ke, ukwazi izizathu, kungcono ukulungisa imikhuba ukuze ugweme lesi sifo ngokuzayo. Uma engekho manje, lokhu akuqinisekisi ukungabikho ngemuva kweminyaka engama-40.
Odokotela abaningi baphetha ngokuthi ukucindezelwa kukhombisa ukuthuthuka kwalesi sifo.
Ukucindezeleka kuyimbangela enkulu yomonakalo enhliziyweni nasemithanjeni yegazi, kuhlangene nezinye izinto. Izinqubo ze-pathological zivame ukuhlotshaniswa nokuqala kwe-atherosulinosis emzimbeni womuntu.
Ngaphezu kwezici zobungozi ezibalwe ngenhla, kusakufanele ukugqamiswa:
- Ukubhema. Ngaphezu kwamaphaphu, i-nicotine ithinta imithambo yegazi nenhliziyo. Ngakho-ke, kufanelekile ukulahla lo mkhuba.
- I-Heredity idlala indima enkulu phambi kwezinto ezithile kanye nezimo ezinhle zokuthuthuka.
- Ubudala abusiwona owokugcina ekukhuleni kanye nasekutholakaleni kwalesi sifo. Ngominyaka ethile, izicubu zenhliziyo zisebenza nokuphazamiseka. Lezi ziphazamiso zivusa ukuqina kwegazi, inqubo iholela ekugxumeni kwengcindezi yegazi.
- Ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela i-mellitus kwandisa isimo, ngoba azikho izitho ezihlala ziphilile ngokuxilongwa okunjalo.
Lokhu kufaka nemikhuba yokudla. Ukudla okudliwayo kuthinta umzimba womuntu. Ukusetshenziswa kokudla okungenamsoco kucasula ukuqala kwalesi sifo.
Ukuze uqaphele lesi sifo ngesikhathi, kufanele unake izimpawu zokwephulwa komthetho.
Ukutholwa okufika ngesikhathi kwezimpawu zokuqala, kanye nokuxhumana nodokotela, kungonga impilo yesiguli.
I-Hypertgency noma i-hypertgency syndrome ibonakala ngokuba khona kwezimpawu ezithile.
Phakathi kwazo kukhona:
- umfutho okhuphukayo njalo ngokuqhubekayo kuwuphawu lokuqalwa kwalesi sifo, ukwanda okungazelelwe kungabonisa nokuba khona kwalesi sifo;
- ukubomvu kobuso kubizwa ngokuthi yi-hyperemia, kwenzeka ngenxa yokuphuma kwegazi ebusweni;
- imvamisa isiguli sikhononda ngokujuluka nokujuluka ngokweqile;
- ukuvela kwekhanda lokudonsa, noma umlingisi wokucindezela ngemuva kwekhanda kuvela;
- ukushaya kwenhliziyo kushintsha kancane, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuyashesha;
- ukukhathazeka okwandayo futhi kukhombisa ukuba khona kokuphulwa okuthile;
- ukuphefumula komoya kukhombisa ukuqala kwalesi sifo.
Lapho izimpawu ezingaphezu kwesisodwa zikhathazeka, singakhuluma ngesigaba esithuthukile salesi sifo.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo kwenzeka ngezigaba ezintathu. Zonke izigaba ziyingozi ngokulinganayo, kepha eyokugcina inokusongela kwangempela empilweni yomuntu.
Ezingeni lokuqala, ingcindezi ayikhuphuki kakhulu futhi isikhathi esifushane. Ingcindezi ikhuphuka ibe inani le-140-160. Imingcele ephansi okungenani ingama-90. Lapho kukhona isidanga sesibili, ingcindezi ikhuphuka kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inani likhuphuka lifinyelela ku-180. Esigabeni sesithathu, kubonwa abantu abano-180 kuye ku-120 .Isiqu sokugcina sihambisana nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo nesifo senhliziyo.
Isigaba sokuqala asiphathi ukwephulwa okubalulekile. Kepha vele esisesigabeni sesibili, i-hypertrophy ye-ventricle yenhliziyo yesobunxele iyaqapheleka, bese kuthi olungileyo ahlupheke. Ukuba khona kwesigaba sesithathu kubonakaliswa yisifo senhliziyo kanye nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo, i-angina pectoris.
Esigabeni sokuqala, ukwanda kwengcindezi akubalulekile, kubuyela kokujwayelekile ngokusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha okufanele.
Ukuba khona kwesigaba sesibili sokuthuthuka kubonakaliswa ukucindezela okuvama kakhulu kanye nenkinga yegazi. Ukwelapha kungenzeka kungasizi, ngoba i-ventricle yangakwesobunxele iyathinteka.
Ukuba khona kwesigaba sesithathu sekuvele kuvezwe ngumfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nokushoda kwemisipha yenhliziyo. Isigqi senhliziyo saphukile kanti nokuhlasela kwenhlekelele ene-hypertensive kungabhekwa.
Isikhathi esivelele somonakalo siwela esigabeni sesithathu salesi sifo.
Inkimbinkimbi ngayinye yokwelashwa ikhethwa ngokuqinile ngawodwana, ngokubheka izici zomzimba, kanye nesigaba senkambo yesifo. Ngokubambisene nemithi, isiguli kufanele siguqule indlela yaso yokuphila, ikakhulukazi, sisuse izinto ezilimazayo.
Lokhu kwenziwa ngenhloso yokunciphisa umthwalo ohlelweni lwe-vascular. Ukudla okukhethekile okunqunywe odokotela kuba ukwengeza okukhulu ekwelashweni okuvamile. Ngaphandle kokudla okulinganiselayo, umphumela ofanele wezidakamizwa ngeke ube.
Ushintsho lwempilo - ukuyeka ukubhema, utshwala, ukudla okungenamsoco. Akukulimazi ukulandela ukudla okune-carb ephansi ngaphandle koshukela.
Umthetho obaluleke kakhulu ekwelashweni kufanele uvikele zonke izingcindezi ezinokwenzeka kwi-psyche. Ukucindezela kukodwa kubonakaliswa yingcindezi eyandayo, ngesifo esinjalo lokhu akwamukeleki.
Umfutho wegazi ophakeme uphathwa ngokuya ngemigomo efanayo ne-hypertension. Kunikezwa izidakamizwa ezikhethekile nezinqubo. Ukuxilongwa okunembile, odokotela banquma izivivinyo ezinjengokuthi:
- ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba;
- i-echocardiogram;
- ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kwezinso;
- I-EEG
Ukwelashwa kubekiwe kususelwa kobukhulu boshintsho lwe-pathological olwenzeka nenhliziyo. Uma inhliziyo ihluleka, imishanguzo yalesi sifo ilungile. Esigabeni sokuqala sesi sifo, ama-inhibitors e-ACE, izinguquko zokuphila zisetshenziswa. Uma izigaba sezivele zisebenza, khona-ke ukwelashwa okuhlangene kuyasetshenziswa.
Kuqukethe:
- Ama-inhibitors e-ACE.
- Ama-diuretics. Ama-diuretics esifo sikashukela kufanele athathwe ngokucophelela, ngoba izidakamizwa zingadala i-spikes ushukela wegazi.
- Abamelene neCalcium.
- Ama-blocker e-Beta.
Indima ebalulekile nayo idlalwa ngamakhambi esintu enza inkambo yalesi sifo iqhubeke. Ukwelashwa okuhlukile kungasetshenziswa ngemuva kokuvunyelwa ngudokotela. Ukuzilawula kungaba nomphumela ophambene.
I-rosehip decoction, ekhipha uketshezi ngokweqile emzimbeni, ingasiza ukusebenza kwenhliziyo. Futhi, udinga ukwenza kabusha ukudla kwakho nge-parsley, mhlawumbe okusha. Inomphumela ofana nama-rose okhalweni. Izolinganisa uhlelo lwezinzwa, izitshalo zokwelapha ezinjenge-chamomile, iminti, i-wort yaseSt. Zithathwa ngcono ebusuku.
Kuliqiniso, ukuze umuthi wendabuko unikeze umphumela ofanele, kufanele uthathwe ngokuya ngomthamo onconyelwe futhi ulungiswe kahle.
Imininingwane nge-hypertension inikezwe kuvidiyo ekulesi sihloko.
