I-Cholestyramine isidakamizwa se-hypocholesterolemic, esifanekiselwa yi-resin ye-ion exchange ebopha ama-asidi e-cholic emathunjini omuntu. Umuthi usebenza njenge-Copolymer (uhlobo lwe-polymer enamayunithi ahlukahlukene ahlelekile) we-styrene ne-divinylbenzene.
Umuthi lo usetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa isimo seziguli ezine-cholesterol ephezulu emzimbeni kanye nokukhipha okulimazayo kwe-bile acid. Umuthi ubekezelelwa kahle yiziguli, kuyaqabukela kuholele ekuthuthukiseni imiphumela emibi.
I-Cholestyramine akuvamile ukuba ichazwe emithini yesimanje. Imvamisa, iziguli zifunda ngalo muthi ngokufunda ukubuyekezwa kwabanye abantu. Mhlawumbe lokhu kungenxa yezindleko eziphakeme zomuthi. Intengo ngama-ruble ayi-1800-2000, iphakethe liqukethe amaphilisi ayi-12 ama-4000 mg lilinye.
Ungathenga umuthi kuphela kwi-Intanethi, kepha hhayi ekhemisi, ngoba into esebenzayo ayibhalisiwe ngokusemthethweni eRussia Federation. Cabanga ngemiyalo yokusetshenziswa, i-contraindication kanye ne-analogues ye-cholestyramine.
Isenzo se-Pharmacological kanye nezinkomba zokusetshenziswa
Umuthi ukhuthaza ukubopha kwama-bile acid emgodini wesisu, okuphumela ekwakhekeni kwama-chelate complexes, akhishwa emzimbeni womuntu ngendlela yemvelo - kuhlangene nendle.
Umuthi lo usiza ukwehlisa umthamo we-cholesterol namanye ama-lipid acid, unikeza ukukhuthaza kokukhiqizwa kwama-bile acid ezicutshini zesibindi (kwezokwelapha, impahla yokwelapha ibizwa ngokuthi "umphumela wokuphendula").
Zonke izidakamizwa eziqukethe lesi sithako esisebenzayo zigxile ekwehliseni ukugxila kwe-cholesterol. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sokujikeleza kwe-enterohepatic, ama-acid angaphezu kwama-97% abuyiswelwe amathumbu, abese engena esibindini bese ekhishwa kanye nge-bile futhi. Ngakho-ke, isibindi sivele siphoqelelwe ukuthi "sisuse" i-cholesterol ukuze sikhiqize amanye ama-bile acid.
Imiyalo yokusebenzisa itusa ukusetshenziswa komuthi ezimeni ezilandelayo:
- I-Hyperlipoproteinemia yohlobo lwesibili, ikakhulukazi yohlobo lwesibili "a";
- Ukuvimbela izinguquko ze-atherosulinotic kanye nezifo ezifana ne-angina pectoris, infarction ye-myocardial, isifo senhliziyo. Udokotela angabeka umuthi ezimweni lapho ezinye izindlela zingazange zinikeze umphumela wokwelapha;
- Ukukhululeka kwemizwa emangazayo ngokumelene nesizinda sokuvinjwa okungapheleli kwepheshana elisebenzayo.
Izidakamizwa ezenziwa nge-Cholestyramine azikaze zinconyelwe ukuvimbela okuphelele kwe-biliary.
Imiyalo yokusebenzisa umuthi
Iziguli eziningi, sezifundile ngomuthi, zifuna imininingwane ngesihloko: "Imiyalo ye-Cholestyramine yokusetshenziswa nentengo." Izindleko zomuthi ziphezulu, noma ngabe zinesizathu kunoma yisiphi isimo esithile, kuya kuchwepheshe wezokwelapha ukuthi athathe isinqumo. Uma uthenga umuthi ku-Intanethi, khona-ke kuzobiza cishe ama-ruble angama-2000.
Awukwazi ukuthatha uma umlando we-phenylketonuria. Okunye ukwephulwa kufaka ukukhulelwa, ukuncelisa, ukusabela komzimba ezintweni eziphambili ezisebenzayo.
Imvamisa, into etholakala ngendlela yamacwecwe noma i-powder yokulungiselela ukumiswa kokusetshenziswa kwangaphakathi. Amacwecwe kufanele athathwe ngomlomo ngaphambi kokudla. I-powder ivame ukuxutshwa namanzi. Kepha kuvunyelwe ukuhlangana nobisi lwe-skim noma ujusi wemvelo.
Umthamo unqunywa ngawodwana. Naka inkomba yokuqala ye-cholesterol esegazini, uhlobo lwe-pathology, izifo ezihambisanayo, ngokwesibonelo, isifo sikashukela. Ngokuqondene nesifo sikashukela, izifundo eziphathelene nomthelela ushukela wegazi azenziwanga.
I-Cholestyramine ingaholela emiphumeleni emibi:
- Ubuhlungu esifundeni se-epigastric, ukuqunjelwa isikhathi eside.
- Ukwenyuka kokwenza igesi.
- Isicanucanu, ukuhlanza.
- Ukuphazamiseka kwendlela yokugaya kanye ne-gastrointestinal.
- I-pancreatitis ye-acute, i-anorexia.
- Ukwanda kokushayela kocansi.
Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kungaholela ekuvinjelweni kwamathumbu, ukopha okuphathelene ne-hemorrhoidal, nokuphazamiseka kwegazi. Kwenziwe izifundo maqondana nokusebenza kahle kwomuthi. Abanye ososayensi bathi ukuhlangana nekhabhoni esebenze kahle kunikeza umphumela omuhle kakhulu wokwelashwa.
Ngenkathi uphuza umuthi, kufanele ulandele irejimeni yokuphuza, ubheke ngezikhathi ezithile okuqukethwe kwe-triglycerides ne-cholesterol emzimbeni.
Ukufana kwezidakamizwa
Izidakamizwa ezifanayo zibandakanya i-Questran, i-Colestir, i-Ipokol, i-Cholestan, i-Colestyramine, neminye imithi. I-Cholestan ayisiwo umuthi, kepha isengezo sokudla, okuwumthombo we-rutin ne-allicin. Kuqukethe okukhishwa kumaqabunga e-artichoke, ama-garlic ama-glycine, ukukhipha izimpande ze-turmeric nezinye izinto.
I-Cholestan ine-contraindication: i-hypersensitivity kulo muthi, isikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuncelisa, i-pancreatitis e-acute noma ye-biliary. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa, kunconywa ukubonana nodokotela ukuze uhambisane neminye imithi.
Abantu abadala bathatha amaphilisi ama-5 noma amaphilisi amabili ngosuku ngokudla. Inkambo yokwelashwa iqala kumaviki amathathu kuya kwayisithupha. Ukubuyekezwa kweziguli kukuhle, akukho mibono kodokotela.
Ama-analogues womphumela wokwelapha afaka izidakamizwa eqenjini lama-statins:
- Atorvastatin;
- ILovastatin;
- Simvastatin;
- UPravastatin et al.
Ukwenziwa kwezidakamizwa kuvezwa yizakhi ezisebenzayo ezikwazi ukunciphisa izinga le-cholesterol "embi". Umthamo unqunywa ngokuya ngeminyaka, kucatshangelwa imiphumela yokuhlolwa.
I-Cholestyramine isidakamizwa esiyi-hypocholesterolemic, kepha odokotela bayo abasayikisi okwamanje, ngoba into ayibhalisiwe ngokusemthethweni. Ngakho-ke, ukunciphisa amafutha egazi, batusa izifaniso zomuthi, ezethulwa ngobubanzi.
Imininingwane nge-cholesterol inikezwe kuvidiyo ekulesi sihloko.
